Formal theory of fishes life by F.I. Baranov and its importance for development of fishery science
2015
Shibaev, S.V.
The article describes general background of «The formal theory of fishes life» developed by prof. F.I. Baranov in the early XX century. It is shown that his views on understanding of laws of dynamics of exploited fish stock was fundamentally different from a purely biological approach used by majority of ichthyologists, but proved to be correct, and served as the basis for the creation of the modern theory of fisheries. The most important ideas of F.I. Baranov were the following: fishery is one of the most powerful factor causing dynamics of fish population; fisheries does not lead to the crash of exploited populations, in case if number of recruitment is enough; to support the normal recruitments we must restrict fishery on the level more than minimal spawning stock biomass; if the number of recruitment is stable, exploited populations always come to a stable state, giving a constant yield; any protecting measures cannot support the exploited population on the virgin level; when biological limit reference points are determined, then optimal level of exploitation is defined by economic consideration; fishing is a management tool of populations’ productivity; the impact of fishing on populations is in the decrease of stock number, average weight of landing fishes and maximum age of fishes as well. These changes are not related to recruitment overfishing, which, on the contrary, is accompanied by the weight increase of landing fishes. A modern scheme of the dynamics of the «stock–fish» system is presented, it fully confirms the ideas of F.I. Baranov brought out more than 100 years ago
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