Water extracts from winery by-products as plant defence inducers
Benouaret, Razik | Goujon, Eric | Trivella, Aurélien | Richard, Claire | Ledoigt, Gérard, | Joubert, Jean-Marie | Mery-Bernardon, Aude | Goupil, Pascale
Water extracted winery by-products exhibited significant plant defence inducer properties. Experiments were conducted on three marc extracts containing various amounts of polyphenols and anthocyanins. Infiltration of red, white and seed grape marc extracts into tobacco leaves induced hypersensitive reaction-like lesions with cell death evidenced by Evans Blue staining. The infiltration zones and the surrounding areas revealed accumulation of autofluorescent compounds under UV light. Leaf infiltration of the three winery by-products induced defence gene expression. The PR1, PR2, and PR3 target genes were upregulated locally in tobacco plants following grape marc extract treatments. PR5 transcripts accumulated as well in red marc extract treated-tobacco leaves. Overall, the winery by-products extracts elicited an array of plant defence responses making the grape residues a potential use of high value compounds.
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