Use of Moringa oleifera Leaves and Maggots as Protein Sources in Complete Replacement for Fish Meal in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Diets
2020
Djissou, Arnauld Sedjro Martin | Tossavi, Comlan Ephrem | Odjo, Isidore Noudehoungbea | Koshio, Shunsuke | Fiogbe, Emile Didier
For Oreochromis niloticus rearing, a feeding test was carried out for 42 days on fingerlings fish with an average initial weight of 4.6 g. Five experimental isoproteic and isoenergetic diets (30.44±1% protein; 19.64±0.23 kJ. g-1) were formulated, including one (D1) control containing fish meal, and meet the essential amino acid requirements of Oreochromis niloticus fingerlings. In triplicate, fish meal was completely replaced by ratios of 3:5, 1:2, 2:5, 1:3 between Moringa oleifera leaves and maggots respectively for feed D2, D3, D4 and D5. At the end, significant differences (P<0.05) were observed on the growth and feed utilization performances between the control diet (D1) and the other (D2 to D5) diets without fish meal. These have been reduced in diets without fish meal. The survival and feed utilization were significantly affected by the ratios between Moringa oleifera leaves and maggot meals in the diets tested with the best results obtained with D2 diet (ratio 3:5). Protein levels in the carcass fed with experimental diets were high (D2 and D5). Maggots and Moringa oleifera leaves mixture can totally replace fish meal in Oreochromis niloticus diets but technological treatments, phytase addition and attractants could improve zootechnical performance.
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