Turkey : Pharmaceutical Sector Analysis

Celik, Yusuf; Seiter, Andreas

Turkey : Pharmaceutical Sector Analysis

2008

Celik, Yusuf | Seiter, Andreas

Pharmaceuticals are essential to achieve health outcomes, but are at the same time a major cost factor in every health system. From a patient perspective, access to pharmaceuticals is a proxy for the functioning of the health system. With increasing economic strength, patients become more demanding with regard to access to modern, sophisticated drugs and providers become more aggressive in marketing those drugs. This paper reflects the situation in the pharmaceutical sector in Turkey, identifies critical issues, and discusses policy options based on current trends and the overall policy objectives of the Turkish government. This paper is structured as follows: chapter one gives introduction; chapter two gives overall policy objectives in the pharmaceutical sector in Turkey; chapter three presents institutional and regulatory framework; chapter four presents reimbursement rules; chapter five focuses on governance issues in the pharmaceutical sector; chapter six gives market overview; chapter seven gives payment for pharmaceuticals in Turkey; chapter eight presents prescribing practices - rational use of medicines; and chapter nine gives conclusions and way forward.

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Ключевые слова АГРОВОК

aging antibiotics brand brands chemists chronic diseases clinical trials consumer protection corruption crime decision making doctors employment expenditure fraud gmp good manufacturing practices gross domestic product health care health economics health insurance health services hospitals income integration laws leukemia market access market research marketing medicine medicines narcotics nutrition packaging patents patient patients pharmaceutical industry pharmaceutical products pharmacies pharmacology physicians psychotropic drugs public health purchasing retail retail prices sales stocks tendering warehouses workers

Библиографическая информация

Издатель

Ankara, World Bank

Другие темы

Cost increase; Wholesaler; Pharmaceutical manufacturing; Basic health care; Health strategy; Healthcare services; Pharmacoeconomics; Health insurance companies; Imported drugs; Surgery; Health policy; Pharmaceutical consumption; Drug prices; Price list; Expenditures; Health care expenditures; Pharmaceutical pricing; Pharmaceutical policy; Price competition; Health care management; Drug law; Bribery; Rational drug use; Treatment guidelines; Pharmacologists; Brand name drugs; Pharmacists; Controlled substances; Market entry; Generic substitution; Ministries of health; Public hospitals; Price comparison; Cost effectiveness; Ill people; Prescriptions; Procurement; Pharmaceutical markets; Healthcare; Health insurers; Medical services; Health expenditures; Quality of care; Health system; Price levels; Regulatory authorities; Price adjustments; Private health insurance; Health care services; Therapies; Generic drug companies; Pharmaceutical manufacturers; Brand name; Competitiveness; Insurance coverage; Generic drugs; Clinical benefit; Rebates; Access to pharmaceuticals; Pharmacoeconomic studies; Price changes; Patient education; Market share; Warehouse; Illness; Heroin; Health sector; Counterfeit drugs; Private pharmacies; Pharmacoeconomic analysis; Wholesalers; Visits; Payment terms; Brand loyalty; Pharmaceutical; Drug administration; Market price; Health outcomes; Treatments; Price increase; Retail pharmacies; Health expenditure; Generic products; Nurses; Pharmaceutical inspection; Substitute; Pharmaceutical sector; Pharmacy; Diagnosing; Rational use of drugs; Essential drugs; Supply chain; Outpatient services; Sale; Retail price; Physician; Clinical practice; Pharmaceutical prices; Pharmaceuticals; Grey market; Aggressive; Burden of disease; Primary care

Лицензия

CC BY 3.0 IGO. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo. World Bank

Тип

Report; Economic & Sector Work :: Other Health Study; Economic & Sector Work

В АГРИСе с: 2022-09-15

Формат: AGRIS AP

Поставщик данных

Эту запись предоставил World Bank

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Ссылки

http://hdl.handle.net/10986/28110 http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/389721468310466052/Turkey-Pharmaceutical-sector-analysis

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