HTLV-1 Coinfection among Patients Attending a Large HIV Treatment Centre in Trinidad

Robert Jeffrey Edwards; Karen Julien-Serrette; Jonathan Edwards; Gregory Boyce

HTLV-1 Coinfection among Patients Attending a Large HIV Treatment Centre in Trinidad

2022

Robert Jeffrey Edwards | Karen Julien-Serrette | Jonathan Edwards | Gregory Boyce

Studies have shown that HIV-1/HTLV-1 coinfected patients tend to have higher CD4+ counts than HIV singly infected patients. Two chart reviews were conducted at initial enrolment among patients attending a large HIV Clinic in Trinidad, one to determine the prevalence of HIV-1/HVLV-1 coinfection and another to compare the CD4+ counts and opportunistic infections among HIV-1/HTLV-1 coinfected patients compared to a randomly selected comparison group of HIV-1 singly infected patients. Sociodemographic, clinical and laboratory data were collected and analysed using SPSS Version 25. During the period April 2002&ndash:December 2018, 8916 HIV-1 patients were enrolled at the clinic: 159 were HIV-1/HTLV-1 coinfected: the age range was 18&ndash:81 years: the median age was 40 years: 87 (54.7%) were females: and the median CD4+ count and median HIV-1 viral load at enrolment were 300 cells/mm3 and 128,543 copies/mL, respectively, with an HTLV-1 seroprevalence of 1.78%. Among the 477 HIV-1 singly infected patients, the age range was 18&ndash:71 years: the median age was 33 years: 248 (52.0%) were males: and the median CD4+ count and the median HIV viral load were 295 cells/mm3 and 23,369 copies/mL, respectively. Opportunistic infections (OIs) were diagnosed in 59 (37.1%) of the coinfected patients versus 48 (10.1%) among those HIV singly infected (p &lt: 0.001). HIV-1/HTLV-1 coinfected patients had higher HIV-1 viral loads (p &lt: 0.001) and more OIs, suggesting a worse prognosis though there were no statistically significant differences in CD4+ counts (p = 0.96) as compared to the HIV-1 mono-infected patients.

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