The Protective Effects of 2’-Fucosyllactose Against E. Coli O157 Infection Are Mediated by the Regulation of Gut Microbiota and the Inhibition of Pathogen Adhesion

Yuanyifei Wang; Yan Zou; Jin Wang; Hui Ma; Bowei Zhang; Shuo Wang

The Protective Effects of 2’-Fucosyllactose Against E. Coli O157 Infection Are Mediated by the Regulation of Gut Microbiota and the Inhibition of Pathogen Adhesion

2020

As the richest component in human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs), 2&rsquo:-fucosyllactose (2&rsquo:-FL) can reduce the colonization of harmful microbiota in vivo, thus lowering the risk of infection: however, the mechanism for this is still unclear. In this study, a model of Escherichia coli O157 infection in healthy adult mice was established to explore the effect of 2&rsquo:-FL intervention on E. coli O157 colonization and its protective effects on mice. The results showed that 2&rsquo:-FL intake reduced E. coli O157 colonization in mice intestine by more than 90% (p &lt: 0.001), and it also reduced intestinal inflammation, increased the content of fecal short-chain fatty acids, and enhanced intestinal barrier function. These beneficial effects were attributed to the increased expression of mucins such as MUC2 (increased by more than 20%, p &lt: 0.001), and inhibition of E. coli O157 cell adhesion (about 30% reduction, p &lt: 0.001), and were associated with the modulation of gut microbiota composition. 2&rsquo:-FL significantly increased the abundance of Akkermansia, a potential probiotic, which may represent the fundamental means by which 2&rsquo:-FL enhances the expression of mucin and reduces the colonization of harmful bacteria. The current study may support the use of 2&rsquo:-FL in the prevention of foodborne pathogen infections in human.

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