Effect of Dietary Phenolic Compounds on Incidence of Type 2 Diabetes in the &ldquo;Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra&rdquo; (SUN) Cohort

Zenaida Vázquez-Ruiz; Miguel Ángel Martínez-González; Facundo Vitelli-Storelli; Maira Bes-Rastrollo; Francisco Javier Basterra-Gortari; Estefanía Toledo

Effect of Dietary Phenolic Compounds on Incidence of Type 2 Diabetes in the “Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra” (SUN) Cohort

2023

The global incidence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) has been steadily increasing in recent decades. The Mediterranean dietary pattern has shown a preventive effect on the risk of T2D. Evaluating the association between bioactive compounds such as phenolic compounds (PC) in a Mediterranean cohort could help to better understand the mechanisms implicated in this protection. We evaluated the association between dietary intake of PC and the risk of T2D in a relatively young cohort of 17,821 Spanish participants initially free of T2D, through the University of Navarra Follow-up Project (&ldquo:Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra&rdquo: or SUN cohort) after 10 years of median follow-up using time-dependent Cox models. Intake of PC was estimated at baseline and repeatedly at 10-year follow-up using a 136-item validated food frequency and the Phenol-Explorer database. The incidence of T2D was identified by a biennial follow-up, and only medically confirmed cases were included. During 224,751 person-years of follow-up, 186 cases of T2D were confirmed. A suboptimal intake of stilbenes was independently associated with a higher risk of T2D in subjects over 50 years (HR: 1.75, 95% CI: 1.06&ndash:2.90, p value &lt: 0.05) after adjusting for potential confounders. Our results suggest that a moderate-high intake of stilbenes can decrease the risk of developing T2D in subjects over 50 years in our cohort.

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