Special features of transmission of markers for Aegilops biuncialis Vis. Chromosome 1U in common wheat hybrids

Aim. The wild wheat relative Aegilops biuncialis Vis. is a potential source of new storage protein alleles for enriching the common wheat gene pool. We have produced the wheat material from direct crossing of common wheat with Crimean samples of Ae. biuncialis followed by backcrossing with wheat. Using storage proteins as genetic markers, lines with introgressions of chromosome 1U have been selected. The objective of the investigation was to study the transmission of markers for chromosome 1U in the hybrid from crossing the common wheat cultivar Bezostaya 1 with a line carrying chromosome 1U. Methods. F2 seeds from the cross of the common wheat cultivar Besostaya 1 and the line NVG41 carrying Ae. biuncialis chromosome 1U were analyzed. Storage proteins encoded by Gli-U1 and Glu-U1 served as markers for chromosome 1U. Gliadins were analyzed by acid polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis by the procedure of Kozub et al. (2009). Electrophoresis of total seed proteins, including high-molecular-weight glutenin subunits, was carried out by the procedure of Laemmli (1970).Results. Among the F2 seeds analyzed, we identified four classes of genotypes with respect to the markers Gli-U1 and Glu-U1: 1) with complete chromosome 1U, 2) with the 1UL arm only, 3) with the 1US arm only, 4) without chromosome 1U. In the F1 hybrid NVG41 × Bezostaya 1, Ae. biuncialis chromosome 1U was transmitted with an increased frequency (with respect to the marker Glu-U1 and the simultaneous presence of the markers Gli-U1 and Glu-U1). The frequency of centric misdivision of chromosome 1U (univalent) in the F1 hybrid amounted about 9 %. This resulted in a significantly lower number of seeds with the 1US arm only (2 %) than that with the 1UL arm (6 %).Conclusions. In the progeny of F1 hybrids with Ae. biuncialis univalent 1U, a lower frequency of genotypes with the 1US arm only as compared with the 1UL arm only can be observed at the grain stage. This could be due to the loss of telocentrics with the 1US arm at gamete formation or reduced viability of genotypes with 1US only at the gamete stage or after zygote formation.