Biodiversity and degradation potential of oil-degrading bacteria isolated from sediments of hydrothermal and non-hydrothermal areas of the Southwest Mid-Indian Ocean Ridge

Shi, Haolei; Cheng, Jiangfeng; Gao, Wei; Ma, Meng; Liu, Ang; Hu, Tianyi; Han, Bin; Zheng, Li

Biodiversity and degradation potential of oil-degrading bacteria isolated from sediments of hydrothermal and non-hydrothermal areas of the Southwest Mid-Indian Ocean Ridge

2022

In this study, sediments from eight sites were collected from hydrothermal areas (e.g., the Tiancheng, Tianzuo, and Longqi hydrothermal areas) and non-hydrothermal area on the Southwest Mid-Indian Ocean Ridge. Using crude oil as the only carbon and energy source, 162 strains of culturable oil-degrading bacteria were isolated and obtained. The rate of oil degradation of the consortia was 39.48–46.00% in hydrothermal and non-hydrothermal areas. High-throughput sequencing found that the alpha diversity indices (e.g., Shannon and Simpson) of the communities in hydrothermal areas were higher than those in non-hydrothermal area. The species diversities of the oil-degrading bacteria were different among different hydrothermal areas. The composition of the oil-degrading bacterial species in the Tianzuo hydrothermal area tended to be more similar to that in the non-hydrothermal area. This similarity is attributed to the changes in the bacterial community that followed the cessation of hydrothermal vent eruptions at this site. The Alphaproteobacteria abundance of the oil-degrading bacteria was significantly different in oil-degrading bacteria between the hydrothermal and non-hydrothermal areas.

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