Calcium Looping Process for Clean Coal Conversion: Design and Operation of the Subpilot-Scale Carbonator

Phalak, Nihar; Ramkumar, Shwetha; Deshpande, Niranjani; Wang, Alan; Wang, Guangming; Statnick, Robert M.; Fan, Liang-Shih

Calcium Looping Process for Clean Coal Conversion: Design and Operation of the Subpilot-Scale Carbonator

2012

The calcium looping process (CLP), which is being developed at The Ohio State University (OSU), is a clean coal technology for the production of hydrogen (H₂) and electricity from coal-derived syngas. It integrates the water–gas shift (WGS) reaction with in situ removal of carbon dioxide (CO₂) and other contaminants like sulfides and halides, thus resulting in the production of high-purity H₂. The in situ removal of CO₂ drives the equilibrium-limited WGS reaction forward. The CLP has the potential to reduce the overall footprint of a coal-to-H₂ process because of the integration of several unit operations in a single-stage reactor. The high-temperature operation and the different exothermic reactions involved provide various sources of heat, which, when integrated appropriately, result in a process with low energy penalty. Prior work conducted in a fixed-bed reactor has shown that high carbon monoxide (CO) conversions and high H₂ purities can be obtained, depending on the operating pressures. On the basis of the encouraging results obtained from the fixed-bed reactor, a subpilot-scale fluidized-bed reactor (carbonator) has been designed and constructed at OSU. In this work, the design of this reactor has been detailed and some operational results have been provided.

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