Biofunctionalization of graphene and its two-dimensional analogues and synthesis of biomimetic materials: a review
2022
Di, Shuhan | Qian, Yuhong | Wang, Li | Li, Zhuang
Two-dimensional (2D) materials have become a “rising star” in the eyes of scientists because of their designability, manipulability, and ease of functionalization. When the 2D materials are modified by biomolecules in a covalent or non-covalent ways, some properties of the materials surface will change accordingly, making them have the properties of both the material and the biological macromolecules used for modification. Biomolecules attached to the surface of 2D materials can improve the bioactivity and biocompatibility of the obtained biocomposites, which makes the application of 2D materials more extensive. In this work, we introduce the interaction processes of the graphene and its derivatives, transition metal dichalcogenide materials (TMDs), and hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) with biological macromolecules such as DNA and proteins. In addition, we also summarize the method of synthesizing bionic materials by using the composite materials with biofunctions and their important applications in biomineralization, biomedicine, environmental engineering, and materials engineering. We hope that this review can help readers to make sense of the principles and methods of biofunctionalization of 2D materials, understand the interactions between 2D materials and biomolecules at the molecular level, design biofunctionalized 2D materials to obtain bionanomaterials with special properties, and promote the applications and research in various fields such as biomedicine.
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