Long-term effects of elevated CO2 on the population dynamics of the seagrass Cymodocea nodosa: Evidence from volcanic seeps

Mishra, A.K.; Cabaço, S.; de los Santos, C.B.; Apostolaki, E.T.; Vizzini, S.; Santos, R.

Long-term effects of elevated CO2 on the population dynamics of the seagrass Cymodocea nodosa: Evidence from volcanic seeps

2021

Population reconstruction techniques was used to assess for the first time the population dynamics of a seagrass, Cymodocea nodosa, exposed to long-term elevated CO₂ near three volcanic seeps and compared them with reference sites away from the seeps. Under high CO₂, the density of shoots and of individuals (apical shoots), and the vertical and horizontal elongation and production rates, were higher than at the reference sites. Nitrogen limitation effects on rhizome elongation and production rates and on biomass were more evident than CO₂ as these were highest at the location where the limitation of nitrogen was highest. At the seep where the availability of CO₂ was highest and nitrogen lowest, density of shoots and individuals were highest, probably due to CO₂ effects on shoot differentiation and induced reproductive output, respectively. At the three seeps, there was higher short- and long-term shoot recruitment than at the reference sites, and growth rates was around zero, indicating that elevated CO₂ increases the turnover of C. nodosa shoots.

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