Early and Late Leaf Spots of Groundnut. Information Bulletin No.21
1985
McDonald, D | Subrahmanyam, P | Gibbons, R W | Smith, D H
Early and late leaf spots, caused respectively by Cercospora arachidicola and Phaeoisariopsis personata (until recently known as Cercosporidium personatum), are the most common and serious diseases of groundnut , worldwide. Singly or together they can cause losses in pod yield of over 50%; in areas where rust disease is also present a combined attack of foliar diseases can cause yield losses in excess of 70%. The text, supported by color illustrations, describes disease symptoms and explains how the two leaf spots can be differentiated. The morphology and taxonomy of each pathogen are also described, and disease cycles are outlined. An integrated approach to disease management is advocated. Cultural control measures are suggested, fungicides commonly used for control are briefly discussed, and different application methods are assessed. Biological control is considered as a future possibility, and several hyperparasites are described. The prospects for breeding resistant cultivars are discussed. As agronomic, socioeconomic, and environmental factors determine how cul tural , chemical, and biological measures can best be integrated into effective disease management systems, it is hoped that the bulletin will assist extension workers in evolving control methods well suited to local disease situations.
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