Pollination Effect and Nesting Behavior of Osmia cornifrons on 'Hongro', Early and 'Fuji', Late-season Apple Cultivars

Lee, K.Y.; Lee, J.A.; Yoon, H.J.

Pollination Effect and Nesting Behavior of Osmia cornifrons on 'Hongro', Early and 'Fuji', Late-season Apple Cultivars

2021

Lee, K.Y. | Lee, J.A. | Yoon, H.J.

In order to use Osmia cornifrons more effectively in apples, we investigated the pollination effect and nesting activity of O. cornifrons on ‘Hongro’, the middle-season cultivar, and ‘Fuji’, the late-season cultivar. There was a significant difference in the nesting activity and pollination effect of O. cornifrons depending on the apple cultivar. The nesting activity, rate of trap nesting, and reproduction in ‘Fuji’ were 2.5, 1.5, and 3.8 times greater than in ‘Hongro’, respectively. The pollination effect according to cultivar ‘Fuji’ was 1.6 times greater than that of ‘Hongro’ in the central fruit set. In terms of the quality of fruit, the asymmetry index of ‘Fuji’ was 2.5 times lower than that of ‘Hongro’, and the number of apple seeds of ‘Fuji’ was 1.9 times greater than that of ‘Hongro’. The main reason for this result was the air temperature. The activity of O. cornifrons was most affected by air temperature (R² = 0.578). It is expected that the nesting activity and pollination effect are great in ‘Fuji’ (17.4-24.1°C) when the temperature during the blooming period is higher than that of ‘Hongro’ (12.5-20.2°C). Our study provides important information on stable apple production for apple cultivators, and can be used as an evidence for changes in flora and insect fauna caused by climate change.

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