The first multi-model ensemble of regional climate simulations at kilometer-scale resolution, part I: Evaluation of precipitation
Ban, Nikolina | Caillaud, Cécile | Coppola, Erika | Pichelli, Emanuela | Sobolowski, Stefan | Adinolfi, Marianna | Ahrens, Bodo | Alias, Antoinette | Anders, Ivonne | Bastin, Sophie | Belušić, Danijel | Berthou, Ségolène | Brisson, Erwan | Cardoso, Rita M. | Chan, Steven C. | Christensen, Ole Bøssing | Fernández, Jesús | Fita Borrell, Lluís | Frisius, Thomas | Gaparac, Goran | Giorgi, Filippo | Goergen, Klaus | Haugen, Jan Erik | Hodnebrog, Øivind | Kartsios, Stergios | Katragkou, Eleni | Kendon, Elizabeth J. | Keuler, Klaus | Lavin Gullon, Alvaro | Lenderink, Geert
Here we present the first multi-model ensemble of regional climate simulations at kilometer-scale horizontal grid spacing over a decade long period. A total of 23 simulations run with a horizontal grid spacing of ∼ 3 km, driven by ERA-Interim reanalysis, and performed by 22 European research groups are analysed. Six different regional climate models (RCMs) are represented in the ensemble. The simulations are compared against available high-resolution precipitation observations and coarse resolution (∼ 12 km) RCMs with parameterized convection. The model simulations and observations are compared with respect to mean precipitation, precipitation intensity and frequency, and heavy precipitation on daily and hourly timescales in different seasons. The results show that kilometer-scale models produce a more realistic representation of precipitation than the coarse resolution RCMs. The most significant improvements are found for heavy precipitation and precipitation frequency on both daily and hourly time scales in the summer season. In general, kilometer-scale models tend to produce more intense precipitation and reduced wet-hour frequency compared to coarse resolution models. On average, the multi-model mean shows a reduction of bias from ∼ −40% at 12 km to ∼ −3% at 3 km for heavy hourly precipitation in summer. Furthermore, the uncertainty ranges i.e. the variability between the models for wet hour frequency is reduced by half with the use of kilometer-scale models. Although differences between the model simulations at the kilometer-scale and observations still exist, it is evident that these simulations are superior to the coarse-resolution RCM simulations in the representing precipitation in the present-day climate, and thus offer a promising way forward for investigations of climate and climate change at local to regional scales.
Показать больше [+] Меньше [-]Fil: Ban, Nikolina. Universidad de Innsbruck; Austria
Показать больше [+] Меньше [-]Fil: Caillaud, Cécile. Université de Toulouse; Francia
Показать больше [+] Меньше [-]Fil: Coppola, Erika. The Abdus Salam. International Centre for Theoretical Physics; Italia. The Abdus Salam; Italia
Показать больше [+] Меньше [-]Fil: Pichelli, Emanuela. The Abdus Salam; Italia. The Abdus Salam. International Centre for Theoretical Physics; Italia
Показать больше [+] Меньше [-]Fil: Sobolowski, Stefan. Norwegian Research Centre; Noruega
Показать больше [+] Меньше [-]Fil: Adinolfi, Marianna. Fondazione Centro Euro-Mediterraneo sui cambiamenti climatici; Italia
Показать больше [+] Меньше [-]Fil: Ahrens, Bodo. Goethe Universitat Frankfurt; Alemania
Показать больше [+] Меньше [-]Fil: Alias, Antoinette. Université de Toulouse; Francia
Показать больше [+] Меньше [-]Fil: Anders, Ivonne. German Climate Computing Center; Alemania
Показать больше [+] Меньше [-]Fil: Bastin, Sophie. Universite Paris-Saclay;
Показать больше [+] Меньше [-]Fil: Belušić, Danijel. Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute; Suiza
Показать больше [+] Меньше [-]Fil: Berthou, Ségolène. Met Office Hadley Centre; Reino Unido
Показать больше [+] Меньше [-]Fil: Brisson, Erwan. Université de Toulouse; Francia
Показать больше [+] Меньше [-]Fil: Cardoso, Rita M.. Universidade Nova de Lisboa; Portugal
Показать больше [+] Меньше [-]Fil: Chan, Steven C.. University of Newcastle; Reino Unido
Показать больше [+] Меньше [-]Fil: Christensen, Ole Bøssing. Danish Meteorological Institute; Dinamarca
Показать больше [+] Меньше [-]Fil: Fernández, Jesús. Universidad de Cantabria; España
Показать больше [+] Меньше [-]Fil: Fita Borrell, Lluís. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Centro de Investigaciones del Mar y la Atmósfera. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Centro de Investigaciones del Mar y la Atmósfera; Argentina. Instituto Franco-Argentino sobre Estudios del Clima y sus Impactos; Argentina
Показать больше [+] Меньше [-]Fil: Frisius, Thomas. Helmholtz Gemeinschaft; Alemania
Показать больше [+] Меньше [-]Fil: Gaparac, Goran. Croatia Control Ltd.; Croacia
Показать больше [+] Меньше [-]Fil: Giorgi, Filippo. The Abdus Salam. International Centre for Theoretical Physics; Italia. The Abdus Salam; Italia
Показать больше [+] Меньше [-]Fil: Goergen, Klaus. Centre for High-Performance Scientific Computing in Terrestrial Systems; Alemania. Helmholtz Gemeinschaft. Forschungszentrum Jülich; Alemania
Показать больше [+] Меньше [-]Fil: Haugen, Jan Erik. Norwegian Meteorological Institute; Noruega
Показать больше [+] Меньше [-]Fil: Hodnebrog, Øivind. Center for International Climate and Environmental Research-Oslo; Noruega
Показать больше [+] Меньше [-]Fil: Kartsios, Stergios. Aristotle University Of Thessaloniki; Grecia
Показать больше [+] Меньше [-]Fil: Katragkou, Eleni. Aristotle University Of Thessaloniki; Grecia
Показать больше [+] Меньше [-]Fil: Kendon, Elizabeth J.. Met Office Hadley Centre; Reino Unido
Показать больше [+] Меньше [-]Fil: Keuler, Klaus. Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg; Alemania
Показать больше [+] Меньше [-]Fil: Lavin Gullon, Alvaro. Universidad de Cantabria; España
Показать больше [+] Меньше [-]Fil: Lenderink, Geert. Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute; Países Bajos
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