An Update of the Cenchrinae (Poaceae, Panicoideae, Paniceae) and a New Genus for the Subtribe to Clarify the Dubious Position of a Species of <i>Panicum</i> L.
Carolina Delfini | Sandra S. Aliscioni | Juan M. Acosta | José F. Pensiero | Fernando O. Zuloaga
Subtribe Cenchrinae, so-called as the “bristle clade”, is a monophyletic group of panicoid grasses characterized by having sterile branches or bristles on the inflorescences in most of its species. Within this subtribe is also placed <i>Panicum antidotale</i> Retz., an “incertae sedis” species of <i>Panicum</i> L. which lacks bristles along the inflorescence. In this study, we present an update of the subtribe Cenchrinae based on molecular, morphological, and anatomical evidence to clarify the systematic position of <i>P. antidotale</i> in the Cenchrinae, excluding it from <i>Panicum</i> and establishing it in a new genus (i.e., <i>Janochloa</i> Zuloaga & Delfini); the morphological features distinguishing the new genus from other closely related taxa are properly discussed and an identification key to the 24 genera recognized within Cenchrinae is presented. We also add American <i>Setaria</i> species, not tested before, of subgenera <i>Paurochaetium</i> and <i>Reverchoniae</i>, discussing the position of these taxa in actual phylogeny of the genus as well as defining placements in the tree of <i>Setaria</i> species that were imprecisely located in previous analyses. A comparison with the results from other studies, comments on <i>Stenotaphrum</i> Trin. and a brief discussion on conflicting placements in <i>Cenchrus</i> and related taxa, and of <i>Acritochaete</i> Pilg. are also included.
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