Drought is one of the main abiotic stresses that depends on soil type and rainfall patterns on agrarian land. However, it is mainly responsible for major yield losses in crops. Climate change further compounds the challenges to advanced crop yields. Failure stress reduces crop yield. This research was conducted on grain yield in fifteen Armenian and Iranian wheat varieties to evaluate grain yield and drought tolerance indices. The study was performed with three replications under normal and drought-stress conditions for two years. According to grain yield, eight drought tolerance indices are estimated, including stress tolerance (STI), tolerance index (TOL), stress susceptibility index (SSI), mean productivity (MP), harmonic mean (HM), geometric mean (GMP), yield index (YI), and drought index (DI) for all varieties. The combination of yield analysis, eight drought tolerance indices, and correlation revealed that Navid, Voskehask, Sabalan, and Zare varieties were desirable for drought tolerance. Other varieties were identified as semi-tolerant and sensitive to drought stress.

The study aims to isolate microbes residing within the internal organs of healthy pigs, extracted from the skin. Through rigorous examination, we aim to analyze their morphological, tinctural, and biochemical characteristics, utilizing the API test to classify the types and subtypes accurately. Additionally, we seek to isolate museum strains for further investigation. Moreover, we intend to document the prevalence and frequency of detection of various microbial types within the sampled specimens. In the course of microbiological examination, 76 samples were obtained from the internal organs of healthy pigs. The analysis revealed the isolation of 8 subtypes of staphylococci and 7 types of enterobacteria, each with their respective subtypes. Utilizing morphological, tinctural, biochemical, and API test data for the isolated microbes, we achieved a confidence level of 99.9 % in accurately determining the type and subspecies of each microbe. Based on the comprehensive data, we selectively preserved strains, including 5 subtypes of staphylococci and 5 types of enterobacteria with their subtypes.

The use of genetic methods seems to have briefly pushed back the use of culture methods. Currently, a new technique developed based on the latter – culturomics, enables the discovery and study of expanded bacterial diversity using a large number of culture conditions and media. This study aims to investigate the influence of heat shock on the qualitative and quantitative content of cultivable gut bacteria of Lehmann Brown chickens from the “Arax” chicken factory.The chickens (5 months old, weighing 1.4-1.7 kg) of the “Arax” poultry factory in Armenia were transferred to a sterilized test room with the necessary conditions. After four days of maintenance in a new environment (temperature 25 0C), fecal samples were taken from the hens. After that, the hens were kept at 35 0C for a day, followed by another sampling conducted a day later. The current investigations have emphasized that the bacterial number and diversity of hen gut microbiota undergo changes under the influence of heat stress.

The cadastral assessment and net income of agricultural lands in the Republic of Armenia are determined by the government decision of July 3, 1997 No. 237 “On approval of the state land cadastre data of agricultural lands and unsuitable lands of the Republic of Armenia”. Agricultural lands are changed by decision of the Government of the Republic of Armenia dated September 17, 2009 No. 1066-N “On approval of the procedure for changing agricultural lands of the Republic of Armenia”. In this article, we examined some aspects of the current methodology, which, in our opinion, require revision or additional arguments. We calculated the missing values in the Appendix to Decision N 237 of 1997 of the Government of Armenia. These values are the net income of some groups of cadastral assessments of agricultural lands using the formula in the article. The map of land-cadastral zoning of the Republic of Armenia, which has not yet been digitized, was digitized for the first time and schematically presented in the article.

The ratio of stem fruit, skin, pulp, juice, and seeds is determined by mechanical analysis. A grapevine›s ratio between these components is crucial for winemaking, both in terms of yield and quality. This work aims to determine the mechanical composition of the local, less common varieties, Voskehat and Chilar. The weight of the bunch and berries, the number of berries in the bunch, as well as the weight of the seeds and the skin of the ridges are determined. The structure of the bunch, the composition of the berries, and the indicator of the composition of the bunch were calculated: For Chilar grape varieties, this indicator was higher at 1.8, while for Voskehat grape varieties, it was 1.4. Higher juice yields mean higher efficiency of wine production and lower wine costs for technical varieties.

Seven different types of grain grinders were tested under production conditions. Grain grinders with vertical and horizontal cutting organs were selected for investment in mass and feed production. Their technical, economic parameters, and operational reliability were investigated. Based on the statistical evaluation of the operational reliability of grain grinders, the average statistical values of their readiness factor were calculated, which was Kp=0.8 for UHM-2.2, and 0.51 for HHUM-2.2. Meanwhile, it is established that the readiness factor of the machines and equipment used in animal husbandry and feed production should be no less than 0.94. All defects of nodes and machine parts were identified, also scientific and practical recommendations were made to eliminate and improve operational reliability. It has been established that in the case of identifying defects arising during the long-term operation of these grain grinders, eliminating them with appropriate methods, and finally improving their structure and function, it is possible to successfully organize their mass production and implementation in agriculture, particularly feed production.

The research aimed to investigate the effect of processing on the antioxidant activity and phenolic content of Armenian flaxseeds. This is crucial for understanding their potential health benefits. For laboratory investigations, six flaxseed samples were germinated with different durations (24 h, 48 h, and 72 h) and three of these samples were also heat treated (100 0 C with a duration of 30-40 min). As part of the experiment, ungerminated samples and unheated samples were also tested to compare outcomes. All samples of flaxseeds were analyzed for antioxidant activity using the FRAP (Ferric-Reduced Antioxidant Power) method. The total phenolic content (TPC) was determined using the “Folin Ciocalteu” reagent, with gallic acid as a standard. The obtained results highlight the significant role of processing techniques in determining flaxseed antioxidative activity. Specifically, longer germination periods, notably 72 hours without heat treatment, exhibited antioxidant activity and phenolic content. This contrasted with decreased levels in heat-treated samples. By incorporating flaxseeds, particularly those germinated for extended durations and without heat treatment, into diets, individuals may enhance antioxidant intake. These findings support the development of innovative functional food products aimed at mitigating chronic diseases. Overall, the study contributes valuable insights into the nutritional significance of flaxseeds and emphasizes their potential as functional food components. This fosters advancements in health-promoting dietary practices and product development.

A salting and ripening process is one of the main and most important steps in producing meat products, especially ground-dried and smoked ones, which undergo complex biochemical and microbiological processes and generate low molecular compounds. This ensures the quality and energy value of a finished product. The development of new methods is therefore necessary to accelerate the ripening process and improve the product›s useful properties. This study aims to develop an optimal dosage of rose hip extract that will accelerate and regulate the ripening process and saturate the high levels of vitamin C in the final product. Maturation was carried out under the same thermal conditions, the duration of maturation was determined by pH. The change in vitamin C content in salted semi-finished meat products was also determined. The research results were compared with the technical regulation of Customs Union Technical Regulations 034/2013 “Safety of meat and meat products”. By introducing this technology in the production of meat products, we will increase the shelf life of the finished product, reducing costs by reducing production costs.

Organic agriculture plays a vital role in promoting environmental sustainability and safeguarding public health by minimizing the use of synthetic chemicals and preserving soil fertility. Biofertilizers, as integral components of organic farming practices, offer a natural and eco-friendly alternative to conventional fertilizers. By harnessing the power of beneficial microorganisms, biofertilizers enrich the soil with essential nutrients, improve soil structure, and enhance plant growth. The Republic›s organic agricultural sector is witnessing a steady expansion, emerging as one of agriculture’s swiftest-growing domains. Biological fertilizers, widely employed in organic farming, are currently experiencing significant demand among farmers. The study scrutinized the impact of the indigenous Armenian biofertilizer “Green Mix” on the bio-morphological and biochemical parameters of bell pepper varieties Loshtak, and Hayk. The findings underscored the substantial benefits of the “Green Mix” biofertilizer, evidencing enhanced growth and development processes alongside improved quality metrics of fruits and seeds. Notably, applying “Green Mix” resulted in heightened yield, subsequently bolstering profitability levels. This research highlights the pivotal role of innovative biofertilizers in augmenting agricultural productivity while fostering sustainability practices. As organic farming continues gaining traction, such localized solutions promise to advance agricultural practices in the Republic of Armenia.

The increased demand for tomato products has spurred the cultivation of various varieties and hybrids. Particularly notable are the tomato hybrids whose fruits are harvested collectively in entire branches (racemes), thus earning them the name “raceme tomatoes”. The scientific studies were carried out in 2021-2023, in the glass experimental greenhouse of the Scientific Center of Vegetable and Industrial Crops of the Ministry of Agriculture of the RA, Darakert, Ararat Marz, during two vegetation periods: spring and autumn. The study focused on five raceme tomato hybrids: Prodezo F1, Santiana F1, Adventure F1 by Rijk Zwaan, Climbo F1 by Syngenta, and hybrid RM-4, which was obtained by us (Known since 2023 as Syune). Prodezo F1 hybrid, which is included in the state register of Armenia, served as the control. The selection of hybrids was based on the increasing demand among the population for raceme tomatoes. According to varietal characteristics and vegetation period, the dry matter content varied from 6.14 % to 7.74 %, which was 2.88 % - 3.22 % for sugars, and 18.44 % - 22.13 % for ascorbic acid content. As a result of the study, the hybrids Adventure F1 by Rijk Zwaan and RM-4 (Syune), a locally cultivated hybrid, stood out for their quality indicators among the examined tomato hybrids, regardless of the vegetation period. These high-quality hybrids will be introduced to greenhouses of Armenia for further cultivation.