This study was carried out during 2017 and 2018 seasons on adult Picual olive cv. (8 years old) in a private orchard located at Cairo Ismailia Desert Road, (about 80 Km from Cairo), Ismailia Governorate, Egypt. Trees are grown in sandy soil, under drip irrigation system, uniform in shape and received the common horticultural practices, therefore, this work aims to study the effect of spraying different concentrations and dates spray of algae and moringa leaf extract (MLE) for tow times on the vegetative  growth, leaf mineral contents, yield and fruit chemical properties of Picual olive trees. Results indicated that all different spraying treatments of algae and moringa extract at different spraying dates had a positive effect on vegetative growth, leaf mineral contents, fruit set, yield and fruit chemical properties in comparison with the control. Treatments of algae extract at 0.4% + moringa leaves extract at 2% and algae extract at 0.4% + moringa leaves extract at 4% were the most effective treatments to increase vegetative growth, improve leaf mineral content, fruit set, yield and oil content. Thus, these treatments can be recommended for commercial use under similar conditions

ve seasons, 2012 and 2013 in a private orchard in Barshom vallage located at El-Kalubia Governorate Egypt. Washington Navel Orange trees (Citrus Sinensis) budded on sour orange rootstock (Citrus aurantium, L.) were 7- years- old and planted at 5 x 5 meters under basin irrigation system. This investigation aimed to study the effect of selenium (Se) levels (0, 20, 40, 80 and 160 ppm)  as foliar spray on growth, yield, fruit quality, leaf mineral content and enzymes activity of Washington Navel orange trees. The obtained data showed that, selenium had a significant promotive effect on growth, yield, fruit quality, leaf mineral content and enzymes activity of Washington Navel orange trees. Results indicated that treatment of Se at 40 ppm gave the highest significant results, whereas, treatment 160 ppm gave the highest fruit selenium content.

This study was conducted through the seasons of 2013 and 2014 to determine the optimum bud loads/ vine for Autumn Royal seedless "grapevines. Three years old uniform vines were uniform chosen and pruned to four levels of bud load, namely (32, 42, 52 and 60 buds/ vine). With fruiting spur at 2, 3 and 4 buds per spur The results showed that the percentage of bursted buds was decreased significantly by increasing bud load /vine in the two seasons of the study. Data also indicated that 42 buds/ vine were more suitable for Autumn Royal seedlessgrapevines to produce good yield and fruit quality. On the other hand, 32 buds/vine or 60 buds/vine were unfavorable science it produced rather clusters. In addition, pruning Autumn Royal seedless "grapevines to 42buds /vine by leaving 21 spur  with 2 eyes/spur or leaving 14 spur with 3 eyes per spur resulted a high yield and good quality, reduced cluster compactness and reduced shoot berries %,  gave the greatest cluster weight, berry firmness, adherence, T.S.S and anthocyanin content. Increasing bud load increased number of cluster/vine and yield but reduced cluster weight. Vines pruned to 32 buds / vine gave the greatest C/N ratio of the canes. Whereas vines pruned to 60 buds / vine showed higher percent of T.A than the other levels of bud load and cane length.

This work was carried out on six pomegranate cultivars namely: Wardy, Araby , Manfalouty , Nab El Gamal, Hhegazy, and Montakhab through two successive seasons grown in a private farm at Assuit government trees were about 13 years and planting distance was 5X5m . Assuit is governorate considered one of the most important pomegranate producers and exporters in Egypt. The yield and some fruit physical and chemical properties of six different  pomegranate cultivars (Punica Granatum L.) were investigated. This investigation aimed to study  tree yield and the main   fruit   characteristics   of six commercial pomegranate cultivars. The average fruit yield / tree  lies  between 38.10–59.90 kg, fruit weight130.96– 399.77g, fruit volume 125.7–520 cm³,  fruit   diameter 6.23– 9.60 c   fruit shape   index  1.00–1.10 respectively . Fruit   dry matter20.49 – 38.57, in addition, total soluble solid content was found between 8.00–16.67, titratable acidity ranged between 0. 25– 0.53, TSS / Acid ratio between 0.27–0.63, total sugars 9.13–% 11.86, reducing sugars 1.22%–5.80, respectively. Finally it could be concluded that, Manfalouty and Hegazy cultivars recorded most excellent physical, chemical and visual characteristics which are preferred.

The present investigation was carried out during two successive seasons of 2002 and 2003 on Canino Apricot trees budded on seedlings rootstock at a private orchard located at El-Khatatba district, Menofia Governorate Egypt. Trees were sprayed at full-bloom stage with boron, GA3 and active dry yeast at different concentration alone or in their combinations. Results showed that spraying Boron, GA3 and active dry yeast either singly or in combination caused a remarked promotion in leaf min-eral status, yield and fruit quality compared with control treatment Combined appli-cation solution of 400ppm Boric acid, 40ppm GA3 and 2% active dry yeast at full bloom stage gave the best results with regard to the yield and fruit quality of Canino Apricot.

The present study was carried out during 2015 and 2016 seasons on Kitt mongo  trees to evaluate the effect of three irrigation water management (4000  m3 of irrigation water were applied to the four physiological stages of mango tree growth as 15 & 20 & 40 & 25 % ,  30 & 15 & 35& 20 % and  35 & 20 & 30& 15 % m3 / tree/ year,  respectively) as well as  four concentrations  of potassium silicate on avoiding cold injury and  improvement yield of kitt mango .                 Irrigation Mango tree by  the second program water management (30, 15, 35 , 20) recorded The highest values of vegetative growth in terms of number of shoot /tree  and lower values of leaves percentage   affected with cold injury, Also, an evident increase in the content leaves of N  & K elements , C/N ratio  and final fruit set % total yield by divided  irrigation water at the four physiological stages of mango  trees  (30, 15, 35, 20) was recorded compared with  the other two water managements. No significant differences between the second and third irrigation water management programs (30%,  15%, 35%, 20% and  35%,  20%,  30%, 15%) on values of  leaf area, P% and  total carbohydrates as well as on TSS,  acidity and L-ascorbic acid content  of fruits .                 Spraying trees with potassium silicate in three times during the period from October to January at the rate of 1000 ppm  give the highest values of quality characteristics at mango trees and their fruits. While sprayed with potassium silicate at 2000 ppm achieve moderate values of the mentioned characteristics                 It could be recommended from the obtained data that irrigation water management at the four physiological stages (30, 15, 35, 20) of Kitt mango  trees and spraying 1000 ppm potassium silicate in dormancy period is considered  a good treatment to avoid cold damage on leaves and fruits as well as in giving the highest yield and quality of kitt fruit.

The beneficial effects of boron, zinc and active dry yeast on yield and fruit quality of Zaghloul date palm grown at the Experimental Orchard, Faculty of Agriculture, Assiut University, Egypt was studied during 2011, 2012 and 2013 seasons. The experiment was set up in a complete randomized block design with ten replicates each of one bunch. All treatments were sprayed two times after fruit set and one month later. The obtained results could be summarized as follow: -       Boron, zinc and active dry yeast sprays significantly increased the fruit retention percentage and bunch weight compared to the untreated ones. Yeast application was more effective compared with boron or zinc application. -       Spraying either yeast, boron or zinc at any studied concentration was accompanied with improving fruit quality in terms of significant increase in fruit weight, total soluble solids and sugar contents. No significant differences were detected between spraying with yeast at 250 or 500 ppm, 500 or 1000 ppm zinc, as well as, boron at 1000 or 2000 ppm. Moreover, active dry yeast spraying revealed the highest improvement in palm yield and fruit quality. However, it can be concluded that spraying either boric acid, zinc sulphate or active dry yeast twice after fruit set and one month later increased the palm yield and improved the fruit quality of Zaghloul date palm. Meanwhile, using dry yeast as more effective than both boric acid and zinc sulphate.

Four different date palm male types were chosen to evaluate which male could be recommended to use as a pollinator for Barhi date palm cv. grown in Egypt. Three male types namely Ghanamy, Fard and Boyr were grown in the Fruit Trees Experimental Station at Dibba, Fojaira, UAE, and the fourth male was an individual Sewy satellite seedling grown in Egypt. Number of spathe/palm; spathe weight, length, & width ; pollen grains weight / spathe ; average of strand length as well as pollen grains germination % were determined for each male date palm tree from each male type . Moreover, pollen grains from each male type were used as a pollinator to evaluate their effect on fruit set and fruit quality of Barhi date palm cv. This study was carried out during both 2004&2005 seasons. Data showed that both Ghanamy and Fard male type were superior in their morphological characters as compared with Boyr or Sewy satellite seedling male type. Boyr male type showed the lowest values of morphological characters. On the other hand, there were no great differences in pollen grains germination percentage. Moreover, the results clearly indicated that Ghanamy pollen recorded the highest significant fruit set percentage and bunch weight (Kg) in both seasons of study. While, Fard pollen produced the highest fruit weight (g), length, diameter, flesh weight& thickness and flesh %. Boyr and Sewy pollen showed the highest ratio of fruit length / diameter in both seasons. Data also revealed that dates that were picked from bunches pollinated with Fard pollen had the highest total soluble salts (T.S.S) value and the lowest tannins content.

The present study was carried out in an olive orchard at 6th of October city, Giza Governorate, Egypt during 2002 and 2003 growing seasons on “Aggezi” and “Koroneiki” olive cultivars for table and oil purposes, respectively. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of organic farmyard manure (FYM), compost (COM) manure and biofertilizers (Bio) as the combination between phosphorene and nitrobeine, calcium citrate (Cac) and potasseine (K). Besides, the fertilization program adopted in the farm [N (750g/tree), P2O5 (600g/tree) & K2O (500g/tree)] was used as control. The results revealed that, the application of different aforemen-tioned treatments increased significantly shoot growth (length and diameter, number of leaves shoot and area/leaf) compared to the control in both cultivars (Aggezi and Koroneiki) during the two growing seasons. In this concern, the application of FYM+Cac influenced significantly shoot length & diameter, number of leaves/shoot and area/leaf of Koroneiki cv. and shoot diameter of Aggezi cv. Meantime the area /leaf of both cvs.increased when fertilized by FYM+COM+Cac. Whereas, the com-bination of FYM, COM, Cac, Bio, and K improved significantly blooming charac-teristics (number of flowers/inflorescence, inflorescence length and perfect flowers %) of Aggezi and Koroneiki olive cvs. However, number of fruits/shoot and yield of both cultivars increased significantly when treated by the combination of organic and biofertilizers, especially FYM+COM+Bio. Moreover, pulp/seed ratio was in-creased when treated with FYM+Bio (especially in 1st season). In addition, Koro-neiki cv. when provided with FYM+COM+Bio treatment produced the richest fruits in their oil content. Aggezi cv. trees when fertilized with the combination of organic manure & calcium, gave higher contents of chlorophyll (A), (B) & total chlorophyll, however, in Koroneiki cv. chlorophyll B didn't affect. Eventually, nutrient elements (NPK) contents didn't take a definite trend except for N which was affected signifi-cantly with the different combinations, while P & K in Aggezi leaves were influ-enced by FYM only. On the other hand, Koroneiki trees treated with COM+Bio had the highest leaf N content. Leaf P content was positively affected by FYM+Cac in 2002 and FYM+COM+Bio in 2003. Meantime, FYM+K followed by COM+Bio in-duced the highest stimulative effect on leaf K content.