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Use of real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction for the detection of African horse sickness virus replication in <i>Culicoides imicola</i>
2011
Elisabeth G. Scheffer | Gert J. Venter | Christopher Joone | Nikolaus Osterrieder | Alan J. Guthrie
Despite its important role as vector for African horse sickness virus (AHSV), very little information is available on the dissemination of this virus in Culicoides (Avaritia) imicola Kieffer (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). This study reports on the applicability of a real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) to detect AHSV in dissected midges. A total of 96 midges were fed on AHSV-infected blood, after which one test group was dissected into head/thorax and abdomen segments immediately after feeding and the other only after 10 days of incubation. The majority of the midges (96%) ingested the virus successfully and there was no significant difference between the virus concentration in the heads/thoraxes and the abdomens immediately after feeding. After incubation, virus was detected in 51% of the midges and it was confined to the abdomen in the majority of these. The fact that virus was detected only in the heads/thoraxes of four Culicoides midges after incubation suggests the presence of a mesenteronal escape barrier. Replication in the salivary glands was not shown. An increase of the mean virus concentration in the abdomen after incubation indicates localised viral replication. The real-time RT-qPCR is recommended for further studies investigating the replication and dissemination of AHSV in Culicoides midges.
Показать больше [+] Меньше [-]The use of chicken IgY in a double antibody sandwich ELISA for detecting African horsesickness virus
1999
Du Plessis, D.H. | Van Wyngaardt, W. | Romito, M. (Agricultural Research Council, Onderstepoort (South Africa). Onderstepoort Veterinary Inst.) | Du Plessis, M. | Maree, S.
Detection of African horsesickness virus and discrimination between two equine orbivirus serogroups by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction
1998
Bremer, C.W. | Viljoen, G.J. (Agricultural Research Council, Onderstepoort (South Africa). Onderstepoort Veterinary Inst.)
Immune responses in a horse inoculated with the VP2 gene of African horsesickness virus
1999
Romito, M. | Du Plessis, D.H. | Viljoen, G.J. (Agricultural Research Council, Onderstepoort (South Africa). Onderstepoort Veterinary Inst.)
Protein aggregation complicates the development of baculovirus-expressed African horsesickness virus serotype 5 VP2 subunit vaccines
1998
Du Plessis, M. | Cloete, M. (Agricultural Research Council, Onderstepoort (South Africa). Onderstepoort Veterinary Inst.) | Aitchison, H. | Van Dijk, A.A.
African horsesickness epidemiology: five species of Culicoides (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) collected live behind the ears and at the dung of the African elephant in the Kruger National Park, South Africa
1994
Meiswinkel, R. (National Parks Board, Skukuza (South Africa)) | Braack, L.E.O.
Epidemiology of African horsesickness: Duration of viraemia in zebra (Equus burchelli)
1994
Barnard, B.J.H. (Onderstepoort Veterinary Inst. (South Africa)) | Bengis, R. | Keet, D. | Dekker, E.H.
Detection of bluetongue virus and African horsesickness virus in co-infected cell cultures with NS1 gene probes
1995
Venter, E.H. (Pretoria Univ., Onderstepoort (South Africa). Dept. of Veterinary and Tropical Diseases) | Huismans, H. | Van Dijk, A.A.
Epidemiology of African horsesickness: Antibodies in free-living elephants (Loxodonta africana) and their response to experimental infection
1995
Barnard, B.J.H. (Agricultural Research Council, Onderstepoort (South Africa). Onderstepoort Veterinary Inst.) | Bengis, R.G. | Keet, D.F. | Dekker, E.H.
