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Investigating the Fraud of Using Unauthorized Tissues in Sausages Produced in Hamadan Province Полный текст
2022
Ghaderi, Hadis | Pajohi-AlaMoti, Mohammad Reza | Kalantari-Hesari, Ali
BACKGROUND: Meat is one of society's most important nutritional needs, the price of which is higher than other food groups. In recent years, the use of meat products has increased due to human lifestyle changes. Fraud in meat products occurs for various reasons, including the economic value of meat. Therefore, it is crucial to use fast and accurate methods of identifying these frauds.OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study is to determine the unauthorized tissue by a histological method as well as to determine the unauthorized species used in meat products of factories in Hamadan province.METHODS: In the summer of 2021, fifty samples were collected from active production units of the Hamedan province that were available in the Hamadan city market and transferred to the laboratory for histological laboratory and animal species determination by PCR test. For the histology test based on the national standard 6103, the samples were subjected to fixation, passage (dehydration, clearing, impregnation with molten paraffin), blocking, sectioning, and H&E staining. PCR method was used to determine the type of animal species used in the production of the collected samples.RESULTS: The results confirmed the presence of unauthorized tissues, including bone, cartilage (articular and respiratory cartilage), skin, and glandular organ in meat products. Also, PCR test results showed that chicken meat was found in 100% of the samples labeled with beef.CONCLUSIONS: The presence of illegal tissue and the use of chicken meat in products labeled as beef meat is evident in the sausages produced in Hamadan province.
Показать больше [+] Меньше [-]Influence of allopurinol and two diets on 24-hour urinary excretions of uric acid, xanthine, and ammonia by healthy dogs.
1995
Bartges J.W. | Osborne C.A. | Felice L.J. | Unger L.K. | Chen M.
Hyperxanthinuria and xanthine uroliths have been recognized with increased frequency in dogs with ammonium urate uroliths that had been given allopurinol. We hypothesized that dietary modification might reduce the magnitude of uric acid and xanthine excretion in urine of dogs given allopurinol. To test this hypothesis, excretion of metabolites, volume, and pH were determined in 24-hour urine samples produced by 6 healthy Beagles during periods of allopurinol administration (15 mg/kg of body weight, PO, q 12 h) and consumption of 2 special purpose diets: a 10.4% protein (dry matter), casein-based diet and a 31.4% protein (dry matter), meat-based diet. Significantly lower values of uric acid (P = 0.004), xanthine (P = 0.003), ammonia (P = 0.0002), net acid (P = 0.0001), titratable acid (P 0.0002), and creatinine (P = 0.01) excreted during a 24-hour period were detected when dogs consumed the casein-based diet and were given allopurinol, compared with the 24-hour period when the same dogs consumed the meat-based diet and were given allopurinol. For the same 24-hour period, urine pH values, urine volumes, and urine bicarbonate values were significantly (P = 0.0004, P 0.04, and P = 0.002, respectively) higher during the period when the dogs were fed the casein-based diet and given allopurinol than when they were fed the meat-based diet and given allopurinol. Endogenous creatinine clearance was significantly (P = 0.006) lower when dogs were fed the casein-based diet and given allopurinol than when they were fed the meat-based diet and given allopurinol. Significantly lower concentrations of plasma uric acid (P 0.0001), plasma xanthine (P = 0.01), and serum urea nitrogen (P = 0.0001) were detected when dogs consumed the casein-based diet and were given allopurinol than when they consumed the meat-based diet and were given allopurinol.
Показать больше [+] Меньше [-]Validation and application of a method for determination of multi-class pesticides in muscle chicken breast fillets using QuEChERS extraction and GC/MS Полный текст
2024
Tasic Aleksandra Mihail | Ninković Milan | Pavlović Ivan
The occurrence of pesticide residues in animal products deserves attention because of the contamination by environmental pollutants and pesticides that may be present in the food that animals are fed. The goal of this work was the validation of a method for detection of residues of multiple classes of pesticide and determination of their residues in chicken breast fillets.
Показать больше [+] Меньше [-]Effects of packaging methods on shelf life of ratite meats Полный текст
2017
Horbańczuk, Olaf K. | Wierzbicka, Agnieszka
Effects of packaging methods on shelf life of ratite meats Полный текст
2017
Horbańczuk, Olaf K. | Wierzbicka, Agnieszka
Over the last years a growing demand for ratite meat, including ostrich, emu, and rhea has been observed in the world. Ratite meat is recognised as a dietetic product because of low level of fat, high share of PUFA, favourable n6/n3 ratio, and higher amounts of iron content in comparison with beef and chicken meat. The abundance of bioactive compounds, e.g. PUFA, makes ratite meat highly susceptible to oxidation processes. Moreover, pH over 6 creates favourable environment for fast microbial growth during storage conditions affecting its shelf life. However, availability of information on ratite meat shelf life among consumers and industry is still limited. Thus, the aim of the present review is to provide current information about the effect of ratite meat packaging type, i.e. air packaging, vacuum packaging with skin pack, modified atmosphere packaging (MAP), on its shelf life quality during storage, including technological and nutritional properties.
Показать больше [+] Меньше [-]Effects of packaging methods on shelf life of ratite meats Полный текст
2017
Horbańczuk Olaf K. | Wierzbicka Agnieszka
Over the last years a growing demand for ratite meat, including ostrich, emu, and rhea has been observed in the world. Ratite meat is recognised as a dietetic product because of low level of fat, high share of PUFA, favourable n6/n3 ratio, and higher amounts of iron content in comparison with beef and chicken meat. The abundance of bioactive compounds, e.g. PUFA, makes ratite meat highly susceptible to oxidation processes. Moreover, pH over 6 creates favourable environment for fast microbial growth during storage conditions affecting its shelf life. However, availability of information on ratite meat shelf life among consumers and industry is still limited. Thus, the aim of the present review is to provide current information about the effect of ratite meat packaging type, i.e. air packaging, vacuum packaging with skin pack, modified atmosphere packaging (MAP), on its shelf life quality during storage, including technological and nutritional properties.
Показать больше [+] Меньше [-]Toxinotyping and antimicrobial resistance of Clostridium perfringens isolated from processed chicken meat products Полный текст
2017
Hamza, Dalia | Dorgham, Sohad | Ḥakīm, Ashraf
Toxinotyping and antimicrobial resistance of Clostridium perfringens isolated from processed chicken meat products Полный текст
2017
Hamza, Dalia | Dorgham, Sohad | Ḥakīm, Ashraf
Introduction: The toxinotyping and antimicrobial susceptibility of Clostridium perfringens strains isolated from processed chicken meat were determined. Material and Methods: Two hundred processed chicken meat samples from luncheon meats, nuggets, burgers, and sausages were screened for Clostridium perfringens by multiplex PCR assay for the presence of alpha (cpa), beta (cpb), epsilon (etx), iota (ia), and enterotoxin toxin (cpe) genes. The C. perfringens isolates were examined in vitro against eight antibiotics (streptomycin, amoxicillin, ampicillin, ciprofloxacin, lincomycin, cefotaxime, rifampicin, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole) Results: An overall of 32 C. perfringens strains (16%) were isolated from 200 processed chicken meat samples tested. The prevalence of C. perfringens was significantly dependent on the type of toxin genes detected (P = 0.0), being the highest in sausages (32%), followed by luncheon meats (24%), burgers (6%), and nuggets (2%). C. perfringens type A was the most frequently present toxinotype (24/32; 75%), followed by type D (21.9 %) and type E (3.1%). Of the 32 C. perfringens strains tested, only 9 (28%) were enterotoxin gene carriers, with most representing type A (n = 6). C. perfringens strains differed in their resistance/susceptibility to commonly used antibiotics. Most of the strains tested were sensitive to ampicillin (97%) and amoxicillin (94%), with 100% of the strains being resistant to streptomycin and lincomycin. It is noteworthy that the nine isolates with enterotoxigenic potential had a higher resistance than the non-enterotoxigenic ones. Conclusion: The considerably high C. perfringens isolation rates from processed chicken meat samples and resistance to some of the commonly used antibiotics indicate a potential public health risk. Recent information about the isolation of enterotoxigenic C. perfringens type E from chicken sausage has been reported.
Показать больше [+] Меньше [-]Toxinotyping and antimicrobial resistance of Clostridium perfringens isolated from processed chicken meat products Полный текст
2017
Hamza Dalia | Dorgham Sohad | Hakim Ashraf
Introduction: The toxinotyping and antimicrobial susceptibility of Clostridium perfringens strains isolated from processed chicken meat were determined.
Показать больше [+] Меньше [-]Technological and nutritional properties of ostrich, emu, and rhea meat quality Полный текст
2016
Horbańczuk, Olaf K. | Wierzbicka, Agnieszka
Technological and nutritional properties of ostrich, emu, and rhea meat quality Полный текст
2016
Horbańczuk, Olaf K. | Wierzbicka, Agnieszka
In recent years a growing demand for ratite meat, including ostrich, emu, and rhea has been observed all over the world. However, consumers as well as the meat industry still have limited and scattered knowledge about this type of meat, especially in the case of emu and rhea. Thus, the aim of the present review is to provide information on technological and nutritional properties of ostrich, emu, and rhea meat, including carcass composition and yields, physicochemical characteristics, and nutritive value. Carcass yields and composition among ratites are comparable, with the exception of higher content of fat in emu. Ostrich, emu, and rhea meat is darker than beef and ratite meat acidification is closer to beef than to poultry. Ratite meat can be recognised as a dietetic product mainly because of its low level of fat, high content of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), favourable n6/n3 ratio, and high iron content in comparison with beef and chicken meat. Ratite meat is also rich in selenium, copper, vitamin B, and biologically active peptides such as creatine (emu) and anserine (ostrich), and has low content of sodium (ostrich). The abundance of bioactive compounds e.g. PUFA, makes ratite meat highly susceptible to oxidation and requires research concerning elaboration of innovative, intelligent packaging system for protection of nutritional and technological properties of this meat.
Показать больше [+] Меньше [-]Technological and nutritional properties of ostrich, emu, and rhea meat quality Полный текст
2016
Horbańczuk Olaf K. | Wierzbicka Agnieszka
In recent years a growing demand for ratite meat, including ostrich, emu, and rhea has been observed all over the world. However, consumers as well as the meat industry still have limited and scattered knowledge about this type of meat, especially in the case of emu and rhea. Thus, the aim of the present review is to provide information on technological and nutritional properties of ostrich, emu, and rhea meat, including carcass composition and yields, physicochemical characteristics, and nutritive value. Carcass yields and composition among ratites are comparable, with the exception of higher content of fat in emu. Ostrich, emu, and rhea meat is darker than beef and ratite meat acidification is closer to beef than to poultry. Ratite meat can be recognised as a dietetic product mainly because of its low level of fat, high content of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), favourable n6/n3 ratio, and high iron content in comparison with beef and chicken meat. Ratite meat is also rich in selenium, copper, vitamin B, and biologically active peptides such as creatine (emu) and anserine (ostrich), and has low content of sodium (ostrich). The abundance of bioactive compounds e.g. PUFA, makes ratite meat highly susceptible to oxidation and requires research concerning elaboration of innovative, intelligent packaging system for protection of nutritional and technological properties of this meat.
Показать больше [+] Меньше [-]RETORT PROCESSED CHICKEN CURRY FROM BROILER AND DESI CHICKEN MEAT Полный текст
2022
P. Nalini | Robinson J.J Abraham | V. Appa Rao | R. Narendra Babu
Low cost technologies for small and large scale production of meat products need to be developed to initiate and attract a large number of entrepreneurs to the processed meat industry. Retort pouches have advantages of shelf-stability, less weight, less storage space, ease of opening & preparation and storage without refrigeration.It has been shown that the use of retortable pouches for the thermo-processed foods is technical and commercially feasible. The present study was conducted to determine the suitable recipe formulation, retort processing temperature and shelf-life of the chicken curry with desi and broiler under ambient temperature (32+2°C)up to 3 months of period. Shelf-life studies included changes in microbiological, physicochemical composition and sensory characters.
Показать больше [+] Меньше [-]Comparison of the effectiveness of Campylobacter jejuni growth ability in culture media added supplements lysed sheep's blood with lysed cow's blood in chicken meat samples Полный текст
2023
Irmanora, Yezzi | Julianti, Elisa | Faisal, Faisal | Angga Putra, Desriwan
Blood is a good growth medium for bacteria by preventing the accumulation of toxic oxygen (peroxide and superoxide) and increasing the growth ability of these bacteria. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the ability of lysed sheep blood and lysed cow blood as a substitute for lysed horse blood on Campylobacter jejuni growth media, as well as evaluate the growth of C. jejuni from chicken meat samples on culture media supplemented with lysed sheep blood and lysed cow blood compared to the media cultures using lysed horse blood supplements. The concentration of lysed sheep blood, lysed cow blood, and lysed horse blood used was 5% each. The chicken meat samples used in this study were 30 samples. Based on the results, 14 samples of C. jejuni bacteria showed the ability to grow up to 107 and 16 samples up to 106. In the media added with lysed cow blood supplement only one sample was able to grow up to 106, 17 samples grew up to 105, and 12 samples grew up to 104. These results statistically used the one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) test indicating a significant difference significant (P0.05). Further tests using post hoc least significance different (LSD) showed a comparison of the average growth in lysed horse blood, lysed sheep blood, and lysed cow blood significantly different (P 0.05), while the average value of each treatment was the addition of lysed horse blood supplements, lysed sheep blood, and cow blood consecutive lysis was 8.551 0.340, 7.117 0.544, and 5.265 0.548. The addition of lysed sheep blood and lysed cow blood to bolton broth media in this study can be used for C. jejuni isolation. However, the blood of lysed sheep had a higher effectiveness in the ability to grow C. jejuni, which was close to the ability to grow with the addition of lysed horse blood as a control, compared to the addition of lysed cow blood.
Показать больше [+] Меньше [-]ASSAY OF TETRACYCLINE IN PHARMACEUTICAL PREPARATIONS, SPIKED INDUSTRIAL WASTEWATER AND CHICKEN MEAT SAMPLES USING VISIBLE SPECTROPHOTOMETER TECHNIQUE Полный текст
2018
A simple, accurate, and rapid visible spectrophotometric method has been developed for the determination of tetracycline hydrochloride in pure, pharmaceutical preparations and environmental water samples. The method is based on the oxidation of tetracycline hydrochloride by sodium hypochlorite in alkaline medium to form a red colored product with an absorption maximum at 400 nm. Beer’s Law was obeyed in the range of 2-24 µg/ml with molar absorptivity of 1.346×104 L.mol.-1.cm-1. The relative standard deviation of the method was less than 2% and accuracy (average recovery ) was 100 ± 0.85 %. The optimum conditions for all color development are described and the proposed method has been successfully applied for the determination of tetracycline hydrochloride in pharmaceutical preparations, chicken meat, and wastewater samples.
Показать больше [+] Меньше [-]Occurrence of tetracyclines, sulphonamides and quinolones residues in chicken meat sample from selected chicken slaughterhouses in Peninsular Malaysia Полный текст
2018
Chai, L. C. | Nor Ainy M. | Marni S. | Marzura M. R. | Ungku Fatimah U. Z. A. | Khairunnisak M.
The occurrence of veterinary drug residues in chicken meat originating from 320 small and medium scale chicken slaughterhouses in Peninsular Malaysia was determined. 637 chicken meat samples were examined for tetracycline (TCs), sulphonamide (SAs) and quinolone residues using a microbiological inhibition test and was further confirmed using liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LCMS/MS). The presence of TC residues were confirmed in 10 (1.6%) samples, and 1 (0.2%)sample was confirmed in compliance to the established maximum residue limit (MRL) for residues of quinolone. A total of 6 (0.9%) samples were above the MRL for TC. The samples were from Pulau Pinang, Terengganu and Kelantan. Among those tested in compliance, the main analytes found for TC and quinolone werechlortetracyclines (CTC), enrofloxacin and mixture of chlortetracycline (CTC) and oxytetracycline (OTC). No samples were found to contain sulfonamides residues.
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