The regional distributions and relative frequencies of the gastrointestinal endocrine cells inthe gean goose (Anser fabalisLatham) were investigated by immunohistochemical methods using bovineSp-1/chromogranin (CG), serotonin, gastrin, cholecystokinin (CCK)-8, somatostatin and glucagon antisera. BCG-immunoreactive cells were widespread throughout the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) with moderated frequencies except for the gizzard and proventriculus which were a few frequencies. Serotonin-immunoreactive cells were detected throughout the GIT except for the proventriculus and gizzard. These cells wer observed inthe pylorus with rare frequencies but numerous cells wee cetected in the intestinal tract. Gastrin-immunoreactive cells were restricted to the gizzard, pylorus and duodenum. These cells were most predominant in the pylorus and a few or rare in the gizzard and duodenum, respectively. CCK-8-immunoreactive cells were observed from the gizzard to ileum. the highest frequencies of endocrine cells were observed in the duodenum. These cells were increased from the gizzard to duodenum but thereafter decreased. Somatostatin-immunoreactive cells were detected in the GIT except for the large intestine. In the proventriculus and pylorus, numerous immunoreactive cells were demonstrated but a few cells were present in the other regions. Glucagon cells were observed in the gizzard, pylorus, ileum, colon and rectum with a few or moderated numbers.

This study was carried out (a) to investigate the variations of blood chemistry and (b) to examine the secretion trend of endocrine substances in a dog model after electroacupuncture and laser stimulation at different time period(9 to 11a.m. and 6 to 8p.m.). Two acupuncture points; Da Zhui(GV-14) and Shen Shu(BL-23) were electroacupunctured for 20 minutes with 2Vol, 20Hz and irradiated for 5 minutes with 8,000Hz. Before stimulation and after a lapse of time(10-minutes, 30-minutes and 60-minutes) all dogs were checked the following parameters; cortisol, ACTH, RBC, hemoglobin, hematocrit, WBC, Ca, P, SGPT, SGOT and creatinine. The results were as follow:The levels of cortisol and ACTH have been increased 10 minutes after the stimulation of the electroacupuncture and laser. The higher levels of cortisol and ACTH have been decreased to keep the normal levels from 30 minutes after the stimulation of the electroacupuncture and laser. The RBC, hemoglobin, hematocrit and WBC showed the physiological phenomena in the electroacupuncture and laser stimulation. In sero chemical analysis, calcium, phosphate, SGOT, SGPT and creatinine levels were within normal physiological ranges.

The responses of plasma cortisol and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) were examined to intravenous injection of recombinant bovine tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and interferon-y (INF-gama) in Holstein cows. INF-gamain-duced dose-dependent rises in the plasma levels of both cortisol and ACTH, while TNF-alpha induced comparable plasma cortisol responses with much smaller rises in plasma ACTH. The results suggest a direct stimulatory action of TNF-alpha on cortisol secretion from the adrenal gland in cattle.

In the conditions of the Republic of Belarus there was studied the influence of high degree of cow productivity on the course of down-lying and state of endocrine status of animals and their reproductive qualities. Application of veterinary preparations Katozal and Ovoton made it possible to control the functional activity of cow dam and ovary providing the increasing of cow reproduction qualities. Results of tests of estradiol-17 beta and progesterone in blood serum of experimental and control groups cows were presented. Application of Katozal and Ovoton veterinary drugs made it possible to cause heat and insemination of 86,5-91,3% of cows. At the same time, according to the results of the first insemination the highest results were obtained at cows with low productivity indexes – 60,9% and according to productivity increasing this index lowered up to 32,7% and 29,8%, respectively. According to the results of all insemination in cases of 3500-5000 kg productivity only 2 cows (8,7%) were nonbearing.