In this study, two experiments had been done: Experiment (1), was designed to determine the acute toxicity of alcoholic extract of coconut ( Cocos nucifera ) fruit to the laboratory mice. Eight groups (6 mice each) of male albino mice were used in this experiment. The first group was drenched (1ml) physiological saline (as control group), while the other seven groups were given orally ascending doses (0.25, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3 g/kg B.W.) respectively. After (24hr), all groups of mice were inspected for the presence of dead mice. The results of this experiment showed no mortality in all groups of mice and the extract is not toxic. Experiment (2), this study was designed to investigate the effect of alcoholic extract of coconut fruit on the efficacy of reproductive system of male mice. For this purpose, (24) mature male mice were allocated equally and randomly into three groups. Group (1) was given physiological saline and was considered as control group. Group (2) and group (3) were given 125mg/kgB.W./day and 200 mg/kg B.W. /day of alcoholic extract of coconut fruit respectively. All mice in the three groups received orally the appropriate treatment for 15 days. Post treatment, two criteria were chosen as indicators for the efficacy of the extract. The first one was relative testicular weight to body weight. The other one was the concentration of sperm in caudal part of epidydemis. The results of this experiment revealed that there was a significant (P

The effect of mobile microwave on antibiotic sensitivity of Staphylococcus ureus was estimated. One hundered samples of ear swab were collected from mobile phone users. They were subjected for S. aureus isolated and identification by Staph API- 20 enzymes. Forty three of Staph. strains were selected as identical biochemical test. They were ordered into eight groups according to calling times of mobile users , ranged from zero (used as control) to three hundred and six hours of calling time. Seventeen different antibiotic discs sensitivity were measured for S. aureus. Microwave of mobile phone showed significant effect (P

Investigation of antibacterial activity of ethanolic , methanolic and ginger oil were carried out in this study on Gram positive and Gram negative pathogenic bacteria . The study exhibited these bacteria have variable susceptibities against these extracts and depend on type of bacteria . The notes was shown the highest effect and wide diameter of growth inhibition zone against Escherichia coli .

Two isolates of Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeroginosa of bacteria were exposed to different concentrations ( 5 , 10 or 25 mg /l )of heavy metals ions ( Silver Ag2+ , Cobalt Co2+ or Lead Pb2+) for different exposure periods ( 0 , 1, 2, 24 and 48 hrs.) .The results showed that the inhibitory effect of these metals on the growth of the two isolates were in the following sequences :- Pb < Co < Ag Some of these metals caused an elongation of lag phase in liquid medium for these isolates . Whene antibiotic discs ( chloramphenicol 30 mcg , clindamycin 2 mcg , erythromycin 15 mcg , gentamycin 10 mcg ,tetracyclin 30 mcg and vancomycin 30 mcg ) were added to solid medium which was previously supplemented with the above heavy metals ions , a synergestics effect was observed between antibiotics and heavy metals ions ( specially silver ions at 25 mg/ l )to increase the inhibition zone significantly ( P < 0.01 ) for both isolates .

The clinical and histopathological the effect of chitosan applied locally on the healing of experimentally induced teat fistula in goats. Sixteen local breed goats have been used, aged range between (1.2-2) years with body weight (30+-5) kg. Animals were randomly allotted into two equal groups. An artificial teat fistula of one cm.length was done for all animals under the effect of local analgesia and deep sedation. The first group, fistula was treated with chitosan 0.5gm and then closed by suture; while the second group (control one), fistula was closed routinely "via suture without any addition. After daily clinical follow-up, mild local reaction include local redness and swelling of the operative site and systemic mild hyperthermia, decrease ruminal contraction, increase respiratory rate. Histopathological examinations were performed on all animals. Eight animals used for each group :( 2 for each period). Sections were stained with hematoxylin –eosin stain. Results of Histopathological examination in treated group reflected the presence of large numbers of neutrophils In the first three days postoperatively , granulation tissue were seen in the sixty days which converted to cellular connective tissue in the ninth day with congested blood vessels .in addition there are lymphocytic aggregations ,arrangement of collagen fibers and formation of new epidermis during the 12th .days. In conclusion we can say that chitosan play an important role in enhancing repair of teat fistula.

Fenugreek has a long history of medical uses in Chinese medicine and Kurdish area .The antibacterial activity of aqueous and some organic compounds extracts of stems, leaves, seeds and roots of fenugreek were tested against three Gram-negative and one Gram-posative bacteria by the well diffusion and colony account methods. The microorganisms used were Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella spp. All extracts of the plant did not exhibit any inhibitory activity against any of the microorganisms tested by each well diffusion and colony account technique.

ABSTRAT The aim of this study is an evaluation of mastectomy for removal of mammary glands tumors of bitches referring to histopathological aspect. During a period of three years extending from March 2007 till March 2010, seventeen bitches were presented to department of surgery-college of veterinary medicine-Baghdad, suffering from mammary glands tumors were treated surgically. Diagnosis of the cases was based on case history, clinical signs, in addition several photographs were taken to denote if there was metastases of the tumor to other organ or not. The definitive diagnosis was confirmed via histopathological examination of tumors biopsies. The surgical operations were done under the effect of general anesthesia represented by a combination of Ketamine–Xylazine preceding by atropine sulfate. All drugs injected I.M. Following surgery secondary health problems were happened in seven animals out of (17 treated cases). Histopathological examination of tumor biopsies obtained from affected glands revealed that the tumor was adenocarcinoma (malignant type). Finally we can concluded that surgery is an effective method to cure the mammary glands tumors in spite of secondary complications in some bitches, which all responds to treatment with the exception of the dead bitch.

In this study , it was aimed to isolate some Bacteria from some pulmonary lesions of various pathological conditions occurring in the lungs of cows. For this aims ,samples of the investigation were obtained through the examination of a total of (660)cows ranging from 3 to 10 years of age were examined for lungs affection during the period from November 2006 to July 2007 .Out of these samples ,(148) lung ,constituting (22.4%)suspected for abnormalities were selected . The encountered pulmonary lesions which found in our study were (148) cases (22.4%), included 11 various type of pulmonary lesions associated with bacterial isolation. Escherichia coli being the most frequently isolated organism and the number of it's isolates was (68), constituting (34.9%) of the overall number of isolates. The various bacterial isolates with different pulmonary lesions are mentioned and it's significance is discussed.

Feline serum samples (n = 434) were classified as hypercalcemic, normocalcemic, or hypocalcemic based on both total calcium (tCa) and ionized calcium (iCa) concentrations. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), positive diagnostic likelihood ratio (PDLR), and negative diagnostic likelihood ratio (NDLR) were calculated for prediction of hypercalcemia and hypocalcemia in all samples, in hypoalbuminemic cats, and in those with chronic renal failure (CRF) as compared with cats that had other conditions. Diagnostic discordance in prediction of iCa using tCa was 40%. Sensitivity of tCa in prediction of ionized hypercalcemia was low and specificity was high. The PDLR for prediction of ionized hypercalcemia or hypocalcemia was low in all cats, especially in those with CRF. Due to the high level of diagnostic discordance, tCa should not be used to predict iCa concentration. Concentration of iCa should be measured directly when accurate assessment of calcium status is needed.