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MDA and GSH-Px activity in transition dairy cows under seasonal variations and their relationship with reproductive performance Полный текст
2017
Colakoglu, Hatice Esra | Yazlik, Murat Onur | Kaya, Ufuk | Colakoglu, Ekrem Cagatay | Kurt, Serdal | Oz, Burcu | Bayramoglu, Rustem | Vural, Mehmet Rifat | Kuplulu, Sukru
MDA and GSH-Px activity in transition dairy cows under seasonal variations and their relationship with reproductive performance Полный текст
2017
Colakoglu, Hatice Esra | Yazlik, Murat Onur | Kaya, Ufuk | Colakoglu, Ekrem Cagatay | Kurt, Serdal | Oz, Burcu | Bayramoglu, Rustem | Vural, Mehmet Rifat | Kuplulu, Sukru
Introduction: The purpose of the current study was to evaluate the blood glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels under seasonal variations in dairy cows during transition period, and to assess the relationship between chosen reproductive parameters, GSH-Px, and MDA. Material and Methods: Holstein cows calving in January were assigned into winter group (n = 42), while cows calving in August were assigned into summer group (n = 42). Blood samples were collected from the jugular vein 21, 14, and 7 days before calving, at calving (0 day), and 7, 14, and 21 days after calving. Reproductive parameters obtained from farm records were evaluated. Results: In both groups of cows, GSH-Px activity decreased from 21 days before calving to day 0, and it gradually continued to increase until 21 days after calving. GSH-Px activity was higher in winter group compared to summer group during the transition period (P < 0.05). MDA levels in both groups increased over time starting from 21 days before calving to 0 day, but it gradually decreased thereafter. MDA levels were higher in summer group compared to winter group during the transition periods (P < 0.05). Summer group of cows showed higher intervals of calving-to-oestrus, calving-to-conception, and higher insemination index (P < 0.01). Negative correlation was recorded between GSH-Px and MDA during all examination days (P < 0.01). MDA levels correlated with calving to conception interval on day 21 before calving and day 0 (P < 0.01) and insemination index on day 0 and 21 days after calving (P < 0.01). GSH-Px activity was negatively correlated with calving to conception interval on day 21 before calving, day 0, and 21 days (P < 0.01) after calving. Negative correlation on day 21 before calving and day 0 was also determined between GSH-Px and insemination index (P < 0.01). Conclusion: This study showed that blood oxidant and antioxidant levels have affected the fertility parameters in cows under seasonal variations.
Показать больше [+] Меньше [-]MDA and GSH-Px activity in transition dairy cows under seasonal variations and their relationship with reproductive performance Полный текст
2017
Colakoglu Hatice Esra | Yazlik Murat Onur | Kaya Ufuk | Colakoglu Ekrem Cagatay | Kurt Serdal | Oz Burcu | Bayramoglu Rustem | Vural Mehmet Rifat | Kuplulu Sukru
Introduction: The purpose of the current study was to evaluate the blood glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels under seasonal variations in dairy cows during transition period, and to assess the relationship between chosen reproductive parameters, GSH-Px, and MDA.
Показать больше [+] Меньше [-]Use of Nettle (Urtica dioica L.) in the Treatment of Fish Diseases Полный текст
2017
AYTAÇ, Sertan | GÜNDOĞDU, Özlem
The increase in demand for fish and fish products has led to the spread of the culture fish. Fish breeders have used some chemicals or plantextracts that stimulate or enhance the immune system to protect fish from diseases. Although the use of chemical medicines has many negativeeffects on the environment and human health, chemotherapy is widely used in the prevention and treatment of diseases. As an alternative tochemical treatments, the use of plant extracts in combating diseases seen in water products has become widespread. Various plant species such asthyme, garlic, fenugreek and nettle are used in the treatment of different diseases in traditional folk medicine as well as in fish health and increasedisease resistance and efficiency in aquaculture.Nettle is a perennial plant of the Urticaceae family, abundant in our country. Root, stem, leaves, flowers and seeds of nettle are used as herbalmedicines. Nettle has many biocomponents such as polysaccharides, lignans, flavonoids, coumarins, terpenoids, phenol and Urtica dioica aglutinin(UDA) which is a lectin, and it has been reported that nettles generally have antiinflammatory, antiallergic, antibacterial, antifungal, antiviraland anticarcinogenic effects. There are studies in the literature that have found positive effects on the immune system and growth performanceof nettle on experimental animals. In this review, a study has been conducted on the use of nettle weed as an alternative to chemical medicinesin the prevention and treatment of fish diseases.
Показать больше [+] Меньше [-]Exploration of the main sites for the transformation of normal prion protein (PrPC) into pathogenic prion protein (PrPsc) Полный текст
2017
Liu, Xi-Lin | Feng, Xiao-Li | Wang, Guang-Ming | Gong, Bin-Bin | Ahmad, Waqas | Liu, Nan-Nan | Zhang, Yuan-Yuan | Yang, Li | Ren, Hong-Lin | Cui, Shu-Sen
Exploration of the main sites for the transformation of normal prion protein (PrPC) into pathogenic prion protein (PrPsc) Полный текст
2017
Liu, Xi-Lin | Feng, Xiao-Li | Wang, Guang-Ming | Gong, Bin-Bin | Ahmad, Waqas | Liu, Nan-Nan | Zhang, Yuan-Yuan | Yang, Li | Ren, Hong-Lin | Cui, Shu-Sen
Introduction: The functions and mechanisms of prion proteins (PrPC) are currently unknown, but most experts believe that deformed or pathogenic prion proteins (PrPSᶜ) originate from PrPC, and that there may be plural main sites for the conversion of normal PrPC into PrPSᶜ. In order to better understand the mechanism of PrPC transformation to PrPSᶜ, the most important step is to determine the replacement or substitution site. Material and Methods: BALB/c mice were challenged with prion RML strain and from 90 days post-challenge (dpc) mice were sacrificed weekly until all of them had been at 160 dpc. The ultra-structure and pathological changes of the brain of experimental mice were observed and recorded by transmission electron microscopy. Results: There were a large number of pathogen-like particles aggregated in the myelin sheath of the brain nerves, followed by delamination, hyperplasia, swelling, disintegration, phagocytic vacuolation, and other pathological lesions in the myelin sheath. The aggregated particles did not overflow from the myelin in unstained samples. The phenomenon of particle aggregation persisted all through the disease course, and was the earliest observed pathological change. Conclusion: It was deduced that the myelin sheath and lipid rafts in brain nerves, including axons and dendrites, were the main sites for the conversion of PrPC to PrPSᶜ, and the PrPSᶜ should be formed directly by the conversion of protein conformation without the involvement of nucleic acids.
Показать больше [+] Меньше [-]Exploration of the main sites for the transformation of normal prion protein (PrPC) into pathogenic prion protein (PrPsc) Полный текст
2017
Liu Xi-Lin | Feng Xiao-Li | Wang Guang-Ming | Gong Bin-Bin | Ahmad Waqas | Liu Nan-Nan | Zhang Yuan-Yuan | Yang Li | Ren Hong-Lin | Cui Shu-Sen
Introduction: The functions and mechanisms of prion proteins (PrPC) are currently unknown, but most experts believe that deformed or pathogenic prion proteins (PrPSc) originate from PrPC, and that there may be plural main sites for the conversion of normal PrPC into PrPSc. In order to better understand the mechanism of PrPC transformation to PrPSc, the most important step is to determine the replacement or substitution site.
Показать больше [+] Меньше [-]Toxinotyping and antimicrobial resistance of Clostridium perfringens isolated from processed chicken meat products Полный текст
2017
Hamza Dalia | Dorgham Sohad | Hakim Ashraf
Toxinotyping and antimicrobial resistance of Clostridium perfringens isolated from processed chicken meat products Полный текст
2017
Hamza Dalia | Dorgham Sohad | Hakim Ashraf
Introduction: The toxinotyping and antimicrobial susceptibility of Clostridium perfringens strains isolated from processed chicken meat were determined.
Показать больше [+] Меньше [-]Toxinotyping and antimicrobial resistance of Clostridium perfringens isolated from processed chicken meat products Полный текст
2017
Hamza, Dalia | Dorgham, Sohad | Ḥakīm, Ashraf
Introduction: The toxinotyping and antimicrobial susceptibility of Clostridium perfringens strains isolated from processed chicken meat were determined. Material and Methods: Two hundred processed chicken meat samples from luncheon meats, nuggets, burgers, and sausages were screened for Clostridium perfringens by multiplex PCR assay for the presence of alpha (cpa), beta (cpb), epsilon (etx), iota (ia), and enterotoxin toxin (cpe) genes. The C. perfringens isolates were examined in vitro against eight antibiotics (streptomycin, amoxicillin, ampicillin, ciprofloxacin, lincomycin, cefotaxime, rifampicin, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole) Results: An overall of 32 C. perfringens strains (16%) were isolated from 200 processed chicken meat samples tested. The prevalence of C. perfringens was significantly dependent on the type of toxin genes detected (P = 0.0), being the highest in sausages (32%), followed by luncheon meats (24%), burgers (6%), and nuggets (2%). C. perfringens type A was the most frequently present toxinotype (24/32; 75%), followed by type D (21.9 %) and type E (3.1%). Of the 32 C. perfringens strains tested, only 9 (28%) were enterotoxin gene carriers, with most representing type A (n = 6). C. perfringens strains differed in their resistance/susceptibility to commonly used antibiotics. Most of the strains tested were sensitive to ampicillin (97%) and amoxicillin (94%), with 100% of the strains being resistant to streptomycin and lincomycin. It is noteworthy that the nine isolates with enterotoxigenic potential had a higher resistance than the non-enterotoxigenic ones. Conclusion: The considerably high C. perfringens isolation rates from processed chicken meat samples and resistance to some of the commonly used antibiotics indicate a potential public health risk. Recent information about the isolation of enterotoxigenic C. perfringens type E from chicken sausage has been reported.
Показать больше [+] Меньше [-]Detection of fluoroquinolone residues in milk using Yersinia spp. strains: towards better sensitivity for flumequine determination Полный текст
2017
Navrátilová Pavlína | Vyhnálková Jana | Vorlová Lenka
Introduction: Plate diffusion methods play an important role in the monitoring system for antimicrobial agents in raw materials and foodstuffs of animal origin. The aim of this work was to select a Yersinia spp. strain for the plate diffusion method based on sensitivity to a fluoroquinolone, namely flumequine. Another aim was to determine the optimal conditions of the method with the selected strain of Yersinia ruckeri CCM 8467 and to determine the detection capability (CCβ) of this method for residues of selected fluoroquinolones in milk.
Показать больше [+] Меньше [-]Development of a recombinant protein-based ELISA for detection of antibodies against bovine foamy virus Полный текст
2017
Materniak-Kornas Magdalena | Osiński Zbigniew | Rudzki Marcin | Kuźmak Jacek
Development of a recombinant protein-based ELISA for detection of antibodies against bovine foamy virus Полный текст
2017
Materniak-Kornas Magdalena | Osiński Zbigniew | Rudzki Marcin | Kuźmak Jacek
Introduction: Infections with bovine foamy virus (BFV) were found in many countries but there is a lack of large-scale surveys on the prevalence of BFV among dairy cattle. The aim of this study was to develop and validate the recombinant Gag protein-based ELISA and to estimate the prevalence of antibodies against BFV. Material and Methods: Gag coding region from BFV was cloned into expression vector pT7Arg-STOP, which expressed a high level of recombinant Gag protein from E.coli. The ELISA was standardised, and the cut-off value and sensitivity and specificity of the test were calculated using a receiver operating characteristic and Bayesian estimation. Results: A total of 3,051 serum samples were tested by ELISA and 939 (30.8%) sera were recognised as positive. When Bayesian approach was used, the overall true BFV prevalence was 29.7% (95% CI: 25.9-33.4%). Conclusion: Expressed Gag protein of BFV has been used successfully as an antigen for ELISA. Eventually, this study provides basic information about the epidemiological status of infection with BFV in dairy cattle in Poland, which can be used for further studies on dissemination and transmission of BFV infection.
Показать больше [+] Меньше [-]Development of a recombinant protein-based ELISA for detection of antibodies against bovine foamy virus Полный текст
2017
Materniak-Kornas, Magdalena | Osiński, Zbigniew | Rudzki, Marcin | Kuźmak, Jacek
Introduction: Infections with bovine foamy virus (BFV) were found in many countries but there is a lack of large-scale surveys on the prevalence of BFV among dairy cattle. The aim of this study was to develop and validate the recombinant Gag protein-based ELISA and to estimate the prevalence of antibodies against BFV. Material and Methods: Gag coding region from BFV was cloned into expression vector pT7Arg-STOP, which expressed a high level of recombinant Gag protein from E.coli. The ELISA was standardised, and the cut-off value and sensitivity and specificity of the test were calculated using a receiver operating characteristic and Bayesian estimation. Results: A total of 3,051 serum samples were tested by ELISA and 939 (30.8%) sera were recognised as positive. When Bayesian approach was used, the overall true BFV prevalence was 29.7% (95% CI: 25.9-33.4%). Conclusion: Expressed Gag protein of BFV has been used successfully as an antigen for ELISA. Eventually, this study provides basic information about the epidemiological status of infection with BFV in dairy cattle in Poland, which can be used for further studies on dissemination and transmission of BFV infection.
Показать больше [+] Меньше [-]Epizootic and epidemiological situation of Trichinella sp. infection in Poland in 2006–2015 in view of wild boar population dynamics Полный текст
2017
Flis Marian | Grela Eugeniusz R. | Gugała Dariusz
Epizootic and epidemiological situation of Trichinella sp. infection in Poland in 2006–2015 in view of wild boar population dynamics Полный текст
2017
Flis Marian | Grela Eugeniusz R. | Gugała Dariusz
Introduction: The objective was to evaluate the epizootic and epidemiological situation of Trichinella sp. infection in Poland between 2006 and 2015 against the dynamics of the wild boar population and its primary reservoir host.
Показать больше [+] Меньше [-]Epizootic and epidemiological situation of Trichinella sp. infection in Poland in 2006–2015 in view of wild boar population dynamics Полный текст
2017
Flis, Marian | Grela, Eugeniusz R. | Gugała, Dariusz
Introduction: The objective was to evaluate the epizootic and epidemiological situation of Trichinella sp. infection in Poland between 2006 and 2015 against the dynamics of the wild boar population and its primary reservoir host.Material and Methods: Boar and porcine trichinosis epizootic analysis was based on General Veterinary Inspectorate data from RRW-6 bulletins. The epidemiological situation was evaluated on the basis of the data supplied by the Department of Epidemiology of the National Institute of Hygiene - National Institute of Public Health. The wild boar hunting harvest and population dynamics were estimated, as these animals remain the basic infection source for humans. Population size and harvest data were obtained from hunting statistics.Results: The study timeframe showed an almost 2.5-fold increase in Trichinella infection cases in wild boars but a significant decline in human cases. In the domestic pig, the incidence rate did not exceed 0.00037%. The highest infection risk exists in West Pomerania, Greater Poland, and Kuyavian-Pomeranian Provinces. Over the study period, the wild boar population increased more than 1.5-fold, while the hunting harvest more than tripled. During the last two seasons the total hunt surpassed 100% of the spring population.Conclusion: Wild boar management by increasing the hunting take of the annual population growth should limit that growth and decrease the take in the future. Thereby, over some years intra-species trichinosis spread should reduce, for a substantial safety gain for wild boar meat.
Показать больше [+] Меньше [-]Evaluation of oxidative stress in sheep infected with Psoroptes ovis using total antioxidant capacity, total oxidant status, and malondialdehyde level Полный текст
2017
Aktas Mustafa Sinan | Kandemir Fatih Mehmet | Kirbas Akin | Hanedan Basak | Aydin Mehmet Akif
Evaluation of oxidative stress in sheep infected with Psoroptes ovis using total antioxidant capacity, total oxidant status, and malondialdehyde level Полный текст
2017
Aktas Mustafa Sinan | Kandemir Fatih Mehmet | Kirbas Akin | Hanedan Basak | Aydin Mehmet Akif
Introduction: The study aimed at evaluating oxidative stress using malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), total oxidant status (TOS), and oxidative stress index (OSI) markers in sheep naturally infected with Psoroptes ovis (Acari).
Показать больше [+] Меньше [-]Evaluation of oxidative stress in sheep infected with Psoroptes ovis using total antioxidant capacity, total oxidant status, and malondialdehyde level Полный текст
2017
Aktas, Mustafa Sinan | Kandemir, Fatih Mehmet | Kirbas, Akin | Hanedan, Basak | Aydın, M. Âkif
Introduction: The study aimed at evaluating oxidative stress using malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), total oxidant status (TOS), and oxidative stress index (OSI) markers in sheep naturally infected with Psoroptes ovis (Acari).Material and Methods: The study was performed on 40 sheep divided into two equal groups: a healthy group (group I) and a group naturally infected with Psoroptes ovis (group II). The sera were obtained by centrifuging blood samples collected from the vena jugularis and serum MDA level changes in the samples were measured spectrophotometrically. Commercially available test kits were used for the measurement of TAC and TOS levels. The percentage ratio of TOS level to TAC level was accepted as OSI.Results: The serum malondialdehyde, total oxidant status levels, and oxidative stress index increased significantly (P < 0.01) in group II, while the serum total antioxidant capacity levels decreased significantly (P < 0.01) in this group. Negative correlations between total antioxidant capacity and total oxidant status and total antioxidant capacity and malondialdehyde, and a positive correlation between total oxidant status and malondialdehyde were found in infected sheep.Conclusion: The obtained results indicated the relationship between oxidant/antioxidant imbalance and Psoroptes ovis infection in sheep. Their MDA, TAC, TOS, and OSI markers may be used to determine the oxidative stress in natural infections with Psoroptes ovis.
Показать больше [+] Меньше [-]Microsatellite based genetic variation among the buffalo breed populations in Pakistan Полный текст
2017
Hussain Tanveer | Babar Masroor Ellahi | Ali Akhtar | Nadeem Asif | Rehman Zia Ur | Musthafa Muneeb M. | Marikar Faiz MMT
Introduction: Eight microsatellite loci were used to define genetic diversity among five native water buffalo breeds in Pakistan.
Показать больше [+] Меньше [-]DON-induced changes in bone homeostasis in mink dams Полный текст
2017
Tomaszewska Ewa | Dobrowolski Piotr | Muszyński Siemowit | Kostro Krzysztof | Taszkun Iwona | Żmuda Andrzej | Blicharski Tomasz | Hułas-Stasiak Monika
DON-induced changes in bone homeostasis in mink dams Полный текст
2017
Tomaszewska Ewa | Dobrowolski Piotr | Muszyński Siemowit | Kostro Krzysztof | Taszkun Iwona | Żmuda Andrzej | Blicharski Tomasz | Hułas-Stasiak Monika
Introduction: The aim of the study was to investigate the mechanical and geometric properties as well as bone tissue and mineral density of long bones in mink dams exposed to deoxynivalenol (DON) since one day after mating, throughout gestation (ca. 46 d) and lactation to pelt harvesting. Material and Methods: Thirty clinically healthy multiparous minks (Neovison vison) of the standard dark brown type were used. After the mating, the minks were randomly assigned into two equal groups: nontreated control group and DON group fed wheat contaminated naturally with DON at a concentration of 1.1 mg·kg-1 of feed. Results: The final body weight and weight and length of the femur did not differ between the groups. However, DON contamination decreased mechanical endurance of the femur. Furthermore, DON reduced the mean relative wall thickness and vertical wall thickness of the femur, while vertical cortical index, midshaft volume, and cross-sectional moment of inertia increased. Finally, DON contamination did not alter bone tissue density, bone mineral density, or bone mineral content, but decreased the values of all investigated structural and material properties. Conclusion: DON at applied concentration probably intensified the process of endosteal resorption, which was the main reason for bone wall thinning and the weakening of the whole bone.
Показать больше [+] Меньше [-]DON-induced changes in bone homeostasis in mink dams Полный текст
2017
Tomaszewska, Ewa | Dobrowolski, Piotr | Muszyński, Siemowit | Kostro, Krzysztof | Taszkun, Iwona | Żmuda, Andrzej | Blicharski, Tomasz | Hułas-Stasiak, Monika
Introduction: The aim of the study was to investigate the mechanical and geometric properties as well as bone tissue and mineral density of long bones in mink dams exposed to deoxynivalenol (DON) since one day after mating, throughout gestation (ca. 46 d) and lactation to pelt harvesting. Material and Methods: Thirty clinically healthy multiparous minks (Neovison vison) of the standard dark brown type were used. After the mating, the minks were randomly assigned into two equal groups: nontreated control group and DON group fed wheat contaminated naturally with DON at a concentration of 1.1 mg·kg⁻¹ of feed. Results: The final body weight and weight and length of the femur did not differ between the groups. However, DON contamination decreased mechanical endurance of the femur. Furthermore, DON reduced the mean relative wall thickness and vertical wall thickness of the femur, while vertical cortical index, midshaft volume, and cross-sectional moment of inertia increased. Finally, DON contamination did not alter bone tissue density, bone mineral density, or bone mineral content, but decreased the values of all investigated structural and material properties. Conclusion: DON at applied concentration probably intensified the process of endosteal resorption, which was the main reason for bone wall thinning and the weakening of the whole bone.
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