Infections with Escherichia coli (E. coli) O157:H7 can lead to severe health complications. This pathogen is commonly found in contaminated meat and fresh produce, posing significant public health risks. The Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification (LAMP) method offers a rapid and accessible alternative to conventional nucleic acid amplification techniques, making it particularly suitable for on-site diagnostic systems. This study aimed to design a quick method using LAMP to detect the rfbE gene of E. coli O157:H7. E. coli ATCC 43888 was used as the positive control, while Candida albicans ATCC 10231, E. coli ATCC 25922, Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 13883, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 served as negative controls. Positive and negative controls were tested 10 times each for both analyses. Following DNA isolation, real-time PCR and LAMP were performed and compared with culture methods. For the positive control strain (E. coli ATCC 43888) at 10 CFU/mL, positivity was detected in 8 out of 10 samples by real-time PCR and in 7 out of 10 samples by LAMP. The sensitivity, specificity, negative predictive value, and positive predictive value of LAMP and real-time PCR were 95.00%–96.67%, 100%–100%, 94.34%–96.15%, and 100%–100%, respectively. In conclusion, our study successfully developed a rfbE gene-specific LAMP kit for E. coli O157, demonstrating comparable sensitivity and specificity to real-time PCR and culture methods. This kit can be effectively utilized in resource-limited settings.

This study investigated the prevalence of dental diseases in cats, with a focus on the distribution of age and gender among effected individuals. A total of 50 cats were included, comprising 21 females (42%) and 29 males (58%). Age distribution revealed that 24 cats (48%) were kitten (0-11 months), 22 (44%) were adults (1-5 years), and 4 (8%) were elderly (≥6 years). Comprehensive clinical and radiographic evaluations were performed to assess the condition of the pulp, resorption, and the overall dental health, including the status of deciduous and permanent teeth, tooth mobility, dental plaque, halitosis, salivation, and mucous membrane appearance. The condition and number of deciduous and permanent teeth, mobility of teeth, dental plaque status, bad breath, salivation, and the appearance of mucous membranes were assessed.  The findings showed that 44 cats (88%) presented with at least one dental disease, affecting a total of 125 teeth. Alarmingly, none of the owners practiced routine oral or dental care for their cats, and only a minority had any awareness of feline dental health. These results underscore the widespread neglect of oral hygiene in cats and highlight the urgent need for educational initiatives to improve awareness and management of feline dental health in the general population.

The current study aims to examine the occurrence and antibiotic susceptabilities including methicillin resistance of S. aureus in pet cats oral and nasal svabs and to assess their potential role in the epidemiology for antibiotic resistance. Staphylococcus aureus is a common commensal bacterium found in the skin, nasal microbiota,  mucose membrans and respiratory tracts of humans and animals especially dogs and cats, respectively. This trend of increasing pet ownership has raised concerns about the potential for companion animals to spread zoonotic infections, including S. aureus. A total of 12 (%25) S. aureus isolates were obtained and identified as bright zoned black colonies on RPF-BP agar from 48 nasal and oral swabs collected from cats. According to the evaluation of methicillin susceptibility using the disk diffusion test following the EUCAST method, 2 S. aureus isolates were found to be methicillin-resistant. All S. aureus strains isolated were determined to be susceptible to vancomycin. In the double-disk diffusion test conducted to determine susceptibility to erythromycin and clindamycin, one (1) of the methicillin-resistant S. aureus isolates also exhibited resistance to both erythromycin and clindamycin. In the PCR test, among the 2 methicillin-resistant S. aureus isolates, 2 contained the mecC gene, while mecA gene was not found. Considering that these animals are pets, it suggests that they could transmit MRSA bacteria to their owners or other individuals through various routes such as biting, licking, and close contact. These results are of significant importance from a public health perspective, especially one health perspective.

Brown seaweeds contain exclusive and enriched source of health promoting bioactive metabolites especially dietary fibre, antioxidants, essential amino acids, short chain fatty acids and minerals that helps in regulating and improving the gut microbiota and gut health. Threonine was found to be the predominant essential amino acids in S. tenerrimum (2.14±0.67 g/100g). The presence of n-3 long chain PUFA and the low ratio of n6:n3 fatty acid in S. tenerrimum (0.28) suggests it to serve as an ideal ingredient in preparation of low fat meat products. The Na/K ratio being 0.25 in S. tenerrimum could be of interest from a nutritional point of view as a balanced Na/K ratio is important to control hypertension. The mineral profile of S. tenerrimum suggests its suitability in preparation of low salt meat foods. The results of chemical profile of S. tenerrimum identifies it to act as an ideal functional source of amino acids, fatty acids, minerals and anti-oxidants in meat products which will help to alleviate the ill effects of nutritional deficiencies.

A biological experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of feeding of whole  paddy  grain on the  haematological  and intestinal  histomorphology  studies in broiler chicken. A total of 144 broilers were individually weighed, wing banded and randomly allotted on a weight equalization basis to 4 treatment groups with 3 replicates in each treatment group with 12 chicks in each replicate. Four isocaloric and isonitrogenous treatment rations containing whole paddy grain at levels of 0 % (T1), 5 % (T2), 10% (T3) and 15% (T4) of the total ration at the expense of maize were formulated. No significant (P>0.05) difference was observed in packed cell volume %,  haemoglobin  concentration,  total  erythrocyte  count  and  total  leucocyte  count among treatment groups and control. There was no significant difference (P<0.05) in intestinal length and weight between control and treatment groups. Intestinal histomorphology of duodenum recorded significantly (P<0.05) higher villi height in T4 (692.02 µm) than T1 (534.12 µm) and significantly (P<0.05) higher villi height: crypt depth ratio was recorded in T4 (18.88 µm) than T2 (12.77 µm) however, no significant (P>0.05) difference was recorded in villi width, crypt depth, villi surface area. In jejunum, no significant (P>0.05) difference was observed in villi height, villi width, crypt depth and villi surface area but villi height: crypt depth ratio recorded significantly (P<0.05) higher values in T3 (14.51 µm) than T1 (8.57µm) group. In ileum, no significant (P>0.05) difference was recorded in villi height, crypt depth, villi surface area and villi height: crypt depth ratio but villi width recorded significantly (P<0.05) higher value in T2 (53.66µm) than T1(32.74 µm) group. The findings of this study indicated more favourable outcomes in the treatment groups compared to the control group, suggesting that inclusion of whole paddy grain up to 15% in broiler chicken ration had no negative effect on intestinal and haematological parameters.

The current study focuses on development of videos for effective dissemination of information on scientific animal husbandry practices through  social  media platform (YouTube) channel (Pashu Pragna) created for the specific purpose. Four important topics were selected for video production namely, clean milk production, artificial insemination in sheep and goat, improving fat and SNF in lactating cows and various government schemes for livestock development. The content and quality of videos were evaluated and standardized, by a team of experts consisting of 30 members. The effectiveness of these uploaded Pashu Pragna channel videos were assessed by exposing them to a sample of 100 livestock farmers who possessed at least five milch animals or shepherds having a minimum of 20 sheep or goats in Kolar district of Karnataka. The progress was measured in terms of their knowledge gain. The results indicated that majority of the experts rated the videos as good, both in terms of content and quality. Likewise, majority of the respondents who were exposed to the videos through the channel provided highly satisfied feedback. Further almost all of them had acquired significant level of knowledge gain on immediate post exposure evaluation, which indicated the effectiveness of the developed videos streamed through YouTube channel.

This study aimed to assess the protective effects of atorvastatin in a mouse model of sepsis induced by caecal ligation and puncture (CLP). Eighteen male Swiss albino mice were divided into three groups: sham operation (n=6), CLP alone (n=6)  and  atorvastatin-treated  CLP  (n=6).  Atorvastatin  was  administered  18h and 3h prior to CLP induction. After 20 hours of CLP, vital organ tissues (liver, lungs, spleen, kidneys, and brain) were collected for histopathological analysis. The CLP group exhibited severe damage, including congestion, hemorrhage and organ-specific abnormalities. Conversely, the atorvastatin-treated CLP group showed  no  observable  lesions.  Histological  findings from  this  study  suggested that atorvastatin pretreatment in sepsis prevents cellular damage, modulates inflammatory responses and preserves vascular integrity. The study underscores the potential of atorvastatin as a preventive measure against multiorgan damage in acute sepsis, filling a gap in existing literature on atorvastatin’s role in sepsis prevention.

Analysis of performance of industrial broiler chicken data reveals that, summer season has recorded significantly (P<0.01) higher market age of 39.98 days and the highest market weight was recorded in winter (2.33 kg).   The lowest market weight was recorded in summer (2.20 kg) with significantly (P<0.01) poorest feed conversion ratio of 1.70. The high negative correlation coefficient of -0.88 was observed between feed conversion ratio and Broiler Performance Efficiency Factor (BPEF) score which indicates that, feed efficiency is a single largest factor influencing the BPEF score, while market age has the positive correlation with feed conversion ratio (0.63), which means market age has negative association with feed efficiency. It is concluded that, though feed efficiency is a single largest factor in influencing the BPEF score, while market age is indirectly influencing feed efficiency which in turn is a decision of integrator.

A non-descript doe was diagnosed for fetal maceration. Incompletely dilated cervix hindered manual removal of fetal bones per vaginum. Hence C-section was performed.  Since fetal bones were severely embedded to the endometrium, the uterine horn embedded with the   fetal bones was amputated. The doe recovered uneventfully after follow-up treatment.

This  research  study  was  undertaken  to  find out  the  Participation  pattern and information sharing behaviour of farmers in WhatsApp social media. The data were collected by both interview method and participant observation technique. The collected data were analysed using descriptive statistics; association with participation pattern and the variables were captured by using chi square and Mann Whitney U test; relationship between selected independent variables and tendency to access and share information in WhatsApp group was studied using logistic regression model. The results revealed that 51.70 % of the farmers used WhatsApp mainly for sharing of farm related information, had a WhatsApp usage period of ranging from 0.3 to 10 years, possess membership in seven groups and as group admin in more than one group with 10 to 360 minutes time spent per day. Selected independent variables viz., type of group, number of membership and admin status, WhatsApp and internet usage period, relationship with group members, role in content generation, age and involvement in specialized farming all together explained 60 per cent of variations in tendency to access and share information in social media.