A total of five lambs, 6-8 months old were presented with the history of faeces voiding through vulva and absence of anal opening since birth. Clinical examination revealed a fistulous tract connecting dorsal vaginal wall and rectum. Animal passing small quantity of dung with straining frequently due to small opening. Cases were tentatively diagnosed as congenital rectovaginal fistula with atresia ani. Surgical correction was attempted. All the animals recovered without any complications.

A full-term pregnant doe was presented with a history of dystocia. Ultrasonographic examination revealed the presence of two dead fetuses. On obstetrical examination, vulval stenosis was confirmed.  Bilateral episiotomy was performed and twin dead fetuses were delivered per-vaginum by traction. Among the dead male twins, the first fetus had only prognathism second one had prognathism and a severe degree of congenital lordosis.  Post-operative treatment was followed resulting in an uneventful recovery of the doe.

A 7 months old female Rottweiler dog was presented with the history of ocular discharge from the right eye and partially opening of the eyelid since 2 weeks from adoption. Ophthalmic examination revealed epiphora, blepharospasm, congested sclera, cloudy cornea with tissue like growth along with hairs on the lateral temporal limbal region on the right eye and the left eye had no abnormalities. Schirmer tear test and fluorescein dye test was performed. Based on the ophthalmic examination findings, the condition was diagnosed as corneal dermoid. Surgical excision of corneal dermoid was done to correct the abnormalities and animal had an uneventful recovery.

Nine-year-old Indian Thoroughbred gelding was presented to the Large Animal Medicine Out-patient Unit of Madras Veterinary College Teaching Hospital with a history of restlessness, anorexia, not voided dung and urine, patchy sweating, flank watching, pawing, frequent lying down and getting up. Clinical examination of the animal revealed severe dehydration with tachycardia and absence of borborygmi on both sides of the abdomen. Rectal examination revealed scanty dry faeces in the rectum with distended caecum. Distended intestinal loops with the absence of intestinal peristalsis were observed through ultrasound examination. Haemato- biochemical examination revealed increases creatinine, creatine kinase and lactate dehydrogenase. The animal was treated with Inj. Ringer’s lactate and Inj. Flunixin meglumine. The animal was administered with liquid paraffin, magnesium sulphate, and simethicone along with the water through nasogastric intubation. Again the animal showed colic signs. Further the animal was sedated with xylazine and continuous rate infusion of Lignocaine @ 0.05mg/kg/min and fluids were administered through jugular catheter. The animal passed urine and showed a clinical improvement on following treatment. Animal started taking regular feed and voided dung on the third day of treatment.

A case of dystocia due to incomplete cervical dilation consequent to uterine adhesion in non-descript doe and its surgical management was reported in this paper. 

Rational drug design, is the inventive process of finding new medications based on knowledge of the biological target. Drug design involves the design of small molecules that are complementary in shape and charge to the bimolecular target to which they interact and therefore will bind to it. In the experiment based approach, drugs are discovered through trial and error. With high R&D cost and consumption, computational drug discovery helps scientists gain insight into drug receptor interactions and reduce time and cost. Scientists can predict whether the molecule will succeed or fail in the market. Currently, the process of drug designing increasingly relies on computer modeling techniques. This type of modeling is often referred to as computer-aided drug design. In computational drug discovery, different computational tools, methods, and software are used to simulate drug receptor interactions. Using computational drug discovery helps scientists gain insight into drug receptor interactions with less time and cost.

The present investigation was undertaken to study the occurrence of enterotoxigenic B. cereus from 200 samples including 100 raw milk, 50pasteurized milk and 50 ice cream samples sold in Puducherry. The results revealed that 68 samples (34 %) belonged to B. cereus group which included 36 from raw milk (36%), 9 from pasteurized milk (18%) and 23 from ice cream samples (46 %). On PCR analysis, 64 out of 68 isolates showed the presence of gyrB gene which differentiates B. cereus from B. cereus group isolates. Multiplex PCR revealed the presence of four enterotoxigenic genes hblA, nheA, cytK and entF Min 32.35 %, 77.94 %>, 54.41 % and 94.12% of the 64 isolates. On biofilm production assay, out of 64 enterotoxigenic B. cereus isolates, 60 (93.75 %) isolates showed the ability to form biofilm in which 13 (20.31 %) were strong, 21 (32.81 %) were moderate and26 (40.63 %) were weak biofilm producers. All the isolates were resistant to ampicillin and penicillin G and sensitive to ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, vancomycin, streptomycin and norfloxacin. The current study directs the need for proper hygienic measures during collection, production, processing and storage of milk to reduce the contamination level. It also indicates the need for surveillance and action to reduce the contamination of enterotoxigenic B. cereus in milk and milk products in Puducherry.

Gymnema sylvestre, Annona muricata and Ocimum sanctum are well known plants available in India and they are commonly used for the treatment of various diseases including diabetes mellitus. A study was conducted to assess the hypoglycemic effect of a polyherbal extract containing these plants (at two different doses of300 and 600 mg/kg bwt) compared with metformin as a standard hypoglycemic drug at a dose of 100 mg/kg bwt in streptozotocin-induced diabetes in rats. As a part of the study, the effect of the polyherbal extract on the renal and hepatic functions was tested in rats. The serum parameters both ALT and AST values in rats were significantly (p < 0.05) higher in diabetic rats treated with polyherbal extract at 300 mg/kg bwt when compared to Groups I, II and III. BUN values were significantly higher in diabetic and metformin treated groups. Creatinine did not differ significantly among different groups. In conclusion, in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats, the polyherbal extract at 300 and 600 mg/kg bwt had no hepatoprotective action. But the same doses had some renal protective function.

In India, small and marginal farmers, comprising 85% of the farming community, are pivotal to the rural economy. Addressing the rising demands amidst agricultural resource scarcity requires a holistic approach like Integrated Farming System (IFS). This method combines crop production, livestock, fishery, waste management, and poultry production synergistically. IFS boosts productivity, utilizes resources efficiently, and enhances food production, stabilizing income and ensuring nutritional security. A study in Karaikal district, Union Territory of Puducherry, which was an agricultural land and the entire farm revealed a benefit­cost ratio of 1.75, demonstrating IFS's potential in overcoming population growth and resource challenges.

A one year old, female, Persian cat, weighing about 4kg was presented to Veterinary College Hospital, Hassan with a history of swollen upper lip and presence of ulcers since one week. The cat was not showing any signs of pruritus and was taking food normally. Physical examination revealed swollen upper lip. Impression smear of ulcerative lesion revealed presence of predominant number of eosinophils, ruptured eosinophils leaving naked nuclei, eosinophilic granules in background and infiltration of neutrophils in some areas. Based on history, clinical signs and cytology, the case was diagnosed as eosinophilic ulcer (indolent ulcer). The animal was managed successfully with glucocorticoids and antibiotics.