This study was carried out to determine suitable selection factors for recipients and embryos which could improve pregnancy rates following bovine embryo transfer. The experiment included 52 surgical transfers from February, 1985 through June, 1986 performed on Kyongbuk Breeding Center in southern Korea. The pregnancy rate was highest when recipients were in estrus within 6 hours before the donor to 12 hours after the donor (78.3 % versus 50 % for recipients in estrus earlier or later). Pregnancy rates were acceptable following culture under field conditions for up to 17 hours. More recipients over 15 months of age (76.1 %) remained pregnant than those under 15 months (66.7 %). Embryos transferred during the months from February to July resulted in higher pregnancy rates than those transferred during the remaining 6 months (77.3 % versus 57.1 %). Transferrable embryos were classified A (best) to C (worst); those graded A or B resulted in significantly higher pregnancy rates than those graded C (81.8 % and 73.3 % versus 25.0 %, p0.05). Pregnancy rates among recipients of the Korean native breed tended to be higher than among Holstein recipients (100 % versus 71.1 %). Similarly, when the embryo was transferred to the right uterine horn, pregnancy rates tended to be higher than when it was transferred to the left (81.3 % versus 65 %). Pregnancy rates did not differ according to the stage of development of the embryo; they were for morulae, tight morulae, blastocysts, and advanced blastocysts, respectively : 75.0 %, 66.7 %, 75.0 %, and 77.4 %

This study was conducted to evaluate the possibility of application of a micro-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (micro-ELISA) for the serodiagnosis of specific toxoplasma antibodies in swine sera and this test was performed as a microplate system by coating the polystyrene plates with toxoplasma soluble antigen, incubated serially diluted sera, then added horse radish peroxidase labelled goat anti-swine IgG(r) conjugate followed by o-phenylenediamine as substrate. The color development by enzyme-substrate reaction was determined by the photometric reading [ELISA reader at 490nm (OD)] and visual reading. The soluble antigen was prepared from the tachyzoites in mouse peritoneal cavity. A total of 1,200 swine sera from pig slaughter-house and a total of 116 swine sera from pig breeding station (S-C farm) were tested for the detection of antibodies to Toxoplasma gondii. The optimal reactions of indirect ELISA for the test sera were determined by the dilution of antigen 1:256 and 1:3,200 of horse radish peroxidase conjugate [anti-swine IgG (r)]. The specific toxoplasma antibody (IgG) in pigs infected with Tp artifically were detected as the serum titers of 1:64 or 1:128 at one week postinfection. Of a total of 1,200 swine sera from pig slaughter-house 505 samples of sera were detected as positive (42.1 %) and of a total of 116 swine sera from S-C pig breeding station 68 samples of sera as positive (58.6 %). The specific antibody (IgG) detection rates against a total of 1,200 test sea from pig slaughter-house were not significant between male (43.1 %) and female (40.7 %). The indirect ELISA was proved to be a sensitive and specific procedure for the serodiagnosis of swine toxoplasmosis and also evaluated as an effective screening test for the large scale of test samples in laboratory

This study was undertaken to establish reliable diagnostic-procedures for the microbiological monitoring of laboratory animals. Murine (mice and rats) antibodies against hemagglutinating virus of Japan (HVJ), mouse hepatitis virus (MHV) and Mycoplasma pulmonis (Mp) were detected sensitively and specifically in experimentally and naturally infected animals' sera by an indirect enzyme-linked immuno-sorbent assay (ELISA), using urease conjugated antimurine immunoglobulin. The sensitivity and specificity of the complement fixation test which has been apllied widely for serodiagnosis of HVJ, MHV and Mp infections were apparently lower than those of ELISA. From these results, the ELISA was found to be available for the serodiagnosis of HVJ, MHV and Mp infections in mice and rats

Morphological features of the vomeronasal organ of both Korean native cattle and Korean native goat were studied by gross, microscopic and histochemical examinations. Anatomical characteristics of the vomeronasal organ were similar in both Korean native cattle and Korean native goats. The vomeronasal organ is a tubular structure situated bilaterally at the base of the nasal septum, and enclosed by hyaline cartilage. Its lumen is semilunar to crescent in transverse sections. It joins with the incisive duct through narrow duct. The lumen of the vomeronasal organ is lined with sensory and respiratory epithelia. The distribution pattern of vomeronasal mucosal epithelia varied by the position. In the anterior portion joining with nasal cavity, the lumen is lined with only respiratory epithelium. In the middle portion, sensory epithelium appeared on the medial side, and respiratory epithelium on the lateral side. In the posterior, it is lined with sensory epithelium on the ventral side and lined with respiratory epithelium on the dorsal side. The vomeronasal gland composed of mucous and serous acini are distributed in the lamina propria under the respiratory epithelium, where venous sinuses are also well developed

The change of plasma prostaglandin E2 level, natural killer cell activity and tumor cell growth were assayed after transplantation of EL-4 leukemia cells in C57BL/6 mice. Plasma prostaglandin E2 level was increased in EL-4 bearing mice, but indomethacin treated mice group showed low level. The tumor-derived prostaglandin E2 inhibited the post-target binding cytolytic process of natural killer activity. Indomethacin inhibited the growth of prostaglandin secreting EL-4 solid tumor

A total of 108 strains of C jejuni isolated from pigs and chickens were examined for the susceptibility to 10 antimicrobial agents and normal sera of cattle, sheep, guinea pigs and chickens. Minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) ranges of antimicrobial agents to C jejuni isolates were = 100 micro g/ml for erythromycin, rifamycin, streptomycin and tetracycline, 50 to 100 micro g for cephalothin, = 50 micro g for ampicillin,

Critical parameters affecting sensitivity and specificity of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for detection of antibodies to avain infections bronchitis virus (IBV) were standardied. By adopting the optimized conditions an equation calculating ELISA antibody titers from the observations at single serum dilution was formulated. The purified antigen of IBV lMass-41 strain was dispensed into polystyrene microplate wells at a concentration of 300ng per well (100 micr l) and the plates were coated by completey drying at 37deg C. Diluted chicken serum and horseradish peroxidase conjugated goat anti-chicken IgG were added in order in 100 micro l volumes per well and allowed to react for 30 minutes each at room temperature. Just before use and after each reaction the plates were washed three times with distilled water. Finally o-phenylenediamine solution was added as an enzyme substrate. After incubation for another 15 minutes at room temperature absorbances were read at 492 nm. Hyperimmune serum against Mass-41 strain was used as internal reference positive (IRP)serum. After repeated titration of IRP and negative sera, a constant titer of IRP was determined. Serum titrations were carried out for various sample sera together with IRP and negative sera and the observed titers of sample sera were corrected by reflecting the ratio between observed and constant titers of IRP serum. These corrected titers of the sample sera were plotted against sample/positive (S/P)OD ratios. All the OD's measured in the serum titrations were also corrected by substracting negative serum OD. The following equation was formulated from the above data; Log10 ELISA titer = 5.568 (log10 S/P) + 4.161. Thus it was possible to calculate ELISA titer by measuring absorbance at 1/400 single serum dilution. Titer measured by cross ELISA tests employing Mass-41 strain and three local IBV isolates were similar. These results suggest that the ELISA tests standardized in this study can be used for evaluating not only vaccinal immunity but also for infection status against fields IBV's

To investigate the epidemiological trait of intestinal diseases of animals caused by thermophilic Campylobacter spp., isolation of etiological agent was carried out. Isolated Campylobacter spp. were biotyped, serotyped and the susceptibility of the isolates to antimicrobial agents were examined. Isolation rates of Campylobacter spp. from 649 fecal materials of 208 cattle, 300 pigs and 141 chickens were 25.5 %, 23.7 % and 38.3 %, respectively. The majority of the 130 isolates of C jejuni was classified as biotype I (50.6 %) and biotype II (34.6 %). Most of the 46 isolates of C coli were biotype I (71.7 %). Isolated C jejuni strains showed 14 different serotype, and serotype 4, 26, 36 were most frequent. Isolated C coli strains showed 5 different serotype and serotype 31 and 21 were relatively common. Isolated Campylobacter spp. were highly susceptible to nalidixic acid, amikacin, gentamycin, colistin and chlorampehnicol

This experiment was carried out to investigate the influence of Aloe vera in the pancreatic islets of streptozotocin diabetic mice. Experimental diabetes was induced in ICR mice with a single injection of SZ (140mg/Kg body weight, ip). The mice demonstrating hyperglycemia 48 hours after SZ injection were treated for 16 days with Aloe vera (300, 800mg/Kg). Plasma glucose was measured, and for morphological studies of the islets specimens were staind with hematoxylin-eosin and by immunocytochemical methods. Then we observed the morphological changes of islets. Polymorphonuclear cells were infiltrated at the periphery of the islets 48 hours after SZ injection in SZ-treated ICR mice, but no prominent WBC infiltration was observed throughout the experiment. Blood glucose in mice treated with Aloe vera after SZ injection was higher than that of SZ injected mice, and mononuclear cells were heavily infiltrated at the islets 16 days after Aloe vera treatment (300mg/Kg), and significant islets infiltration of mononuclear cells was observed 30 days after Aloe vera treatment (800mg/Kg). Islets of ICR mice treated with Aloe vera after SZ injection showed severer insulitis, degranulation and necrosis of B cells than those of SZ injected mice. These studies indicate that Aloe in SZ injected mice increases vascular permeability and number of WBC in pancreatic islets, and potentiates destruction of B cells by cell-mediated immune system

The activity of lactate dehydrogenase in plasma and various tissues (skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle, liver, lung, kidney and spleen) of Korean native cattle in a Choju abattoir, the Breeding Stock Farm and Animal Farm of Chonbuk University was determined by using ultra violet method. Using polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, the lactate dehydrogenase isoenzyme distribution of plasma and various tissues in Korean native cattle was studies. The plasma lactate dehydrogenase activity of Korean native cattle was 554.80 +- 92.70 IU/L and the lactate dehydrogenase activity of male plasma was 543.96 +- 97.89 IU/L, which was lower than that of female plasma, 579.19 +- 78.09 IU/L. The plasma lactate dehydrogenase activity of calf was 557.31 +- 110.27 IU/L and was not significantly different from that of adult Korean native cattle. But the range of calf lactate dehydrogenase activity was larger than that of adult Korean native cattle. In tissues, the lactate dehydrogenase activity was decreased in order of lung, kidney, spleen, liver, heart and skeletal muscle. The lung had the greatest activity and the skeletal muscle had the least. Lactate dehydrogenase isoenzymes in plasma and tissues were found to have a characteristic distribution and quantitative isoenzyme patterns. In plasma, the LDH1 usually had the greatest activity and other isoenzymes showed a decreasing tendency in order of LDH2, LDH3, LDH4 and LDH5. The distribution of lactate dehydrogenase isoenzymes had a wide variation in tissues. But the distribution of LDH isoenzymes in plasma was similar to that in kindey, and also cardiac muscle and spleen had similar pattern in LDH isoenzymes distribution