The present study which include the demonstration of estrogen and progesteronereceptors and demonstration of CD34 protein in placenta of pregnant sheep. Twentyone placenta from pregnant sheep were used in the present study. Theimmunohistochemical study of CD34 protein as marker for vascularization appear atday (27) few distribution in stroma of villi While at day (50) of gestation high densityof CD34 protein in And also showed at day (120) high density. The estrogen receptorshowed colour by kit at day (27) normal distribution in trophoblast cell of villusepithelium and not present in binucleate cell While at day (50) high density ofestrogen receptor was showed ,And also at day (120) show high density of estrogen.The immunohistochemical study of progesterone receptor as appear at day (27)normal distribution in trophoblast cell of placentome and not present in binucleate cellWhile at day (50) high density, and also at day (120) .

The efficacy of the in vitro cultivation of promastigotes of threeLeishmania spp. weretested inmodified the biphasic Novy-MacNealNicolle (NNN) medium prepared using blood from different mammals ( human bloodgroup O , horse, donkey, goat and sheep).This study was carried out to determine which modification of NNN media will begave the best yield in the shortest time fordifferent parasite species, in order to obtaina large crop of promastigotes for experimental work and for antigen preparation.Promastigotes of the three main parasite species ,Leishmaniadonovani,Leishmaniatropica and Leishmania major, isolated from patient in Bagdad andcultuerd, at equal numbers, in the 5 different NNN preparations. At the end of the 7thday, the NNN medium using horse blood produced the greatest number ofpromastigotes for all Leishmania spp. tested, 27 ,15 ,33x106 whilst goat blood providthe poorest medium, providing culture results only for L. donovani,7x106.Humanblood group O give good results, 9.2 ,5,4X106.Donkey blood 6.5,2 ,1 X106.ThenSheep blood gave 4.5, 2.5 X106 ,This finding may be explained by the fact thatLeishmaniais a nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) auxotrophand horseerythrocytes support NAD-dependent microorganisms

Cutaneous leishmaniasis is an endemic disease in Iraq and it is become epidemic inNassirriyah city recently . the current study has reported high rate of infection amongpopulation at any age and gender , location or occupation . males have recorded highinfection compared with female and also there is some differences among age of patientswith Baghdad boil .The following histopathological study were achieved in cancer research unit for collegeof Medicine at University of Thiqar, targeting Nassiriyah city in south of Iraq whereBaghdad boil is highly distributed during the period of during the period from August 2015to April 2016. several of tissue (skin) biopsies were obtained by dermatologist understerilizing condition and at Al-Hussain teaching hospital where the patients have enteredfor treatment . the result explain the following changing :(1) Granuloma like associated with several layers of vaculated cells filled with parasitearound it(2) Dermal areas of chronic granulomatous inflammation mainly formed by vaculatedmacrophages filled with parasite .(3) Epidermis with keratinization and vaculated prickle cells undered it vaculatedmacrophages with parasite.521(4) Small granuloma and area of granulamatous inflammatory reaction mostly formedby vaculated macrophages with parasites , few lymphocytes present between themacrophages.(5) Nest like of vaculated macrophages associated with dermal infiltration oflymphocytes .

Canine tapeworm Taenia hydatigena larval stage is also called Cysticercustenuicollis (C. tenuicollis). This cystic stage was reported in domestic and wildruminants worldwide. It is one of the common parasites of small ruminants inIraq. The omenta, the mesenteries, and liver are the usual locations of C.tenuicollis. This article tends to describe a case report of the uncommon locationsof the T. hydatigenacysticerci in pregnant goat. In this case, large (7 cm length X5 cm width) C. tenuicollis cyst was found on the body surface of the 4 monthspregnant uterus of local goat as well as inside the fetal allantoic cavity (chorionallantoicmembrane). The cyst-like channels with a mass of fibrin anderythrocytes were the most characteristic histopathological lesion THAT observedon the uterine wall. However, slight degeneration changes seen on the fetus andthe C. tenuicollis vesicle located adjacent to the placentomes. In conclusion, thisstudy approved the deviant situation of C. tenuicollis cyst on fetus membranesand over the pregnant uterus surface. These locations explain the probability oflarval migrations into the fetal body during pregnancy.

The study was demonstrated on quantitative evaluation of SRY and ZFX gene of (120) semenstraws from 10 Holliston bull (60) straws in cooling state 5C° and 60 straws after deep freezingin liquid nitrogen) . The samples collected from the Artificial Insemination Center of Abo-Ghreeb / Baghdad . All samples were sent to the laboratory for DNA extraction using (QiampDNA extraction Kit) and primer design then testing in real time PCR. The results showed therewere highly significant variation in the sex ratio of cooled and frozen semen straws which variedbetween (35%-59% in ZFX , 37%-58% in SRY and 40%-69% in ZFX , 30%-53% in SRY forfrozen and cooled semen respectively ) . The study conclude that it was easy and possible todetect the quantity of sex ratio for each bull through using real time PCR . The freezing processof semen could cause decrease in the percentages of SRY (minimum 30%) and increase in thepercentage of ZFX (maximum 69%) .

This study is conducted on two types of pigeons, wild pigeons (Columbia livia) and(streptopliadecaocto). A total of(201) birds were examined for ectoparasits,included(143) Streptopliadecaoctoand (58)Columba livia. It was found that (37) birds wereinfected with more than one type of lice. The percentage of infection inColumbialivia(64%), the highest infection inFebruary (92%)and March (62%); Noinfectiondetected in streptopliadecaocto. Four types of ectoparasiteswere isolated fromColumbia livia:Columbicolacolumbae, Hohorstiellalata, Coloceras damicorne,campanulotesbidentatusscopolicampanulotesbidentatusscopoli

The study was carried out on 523 local sheep breeds of different ages and of bothsexes represents different herds, reared in different areas of Basrah governorate. Fiftyfour(54) local sheep breeds were show different clinical sings including sings ofphotosensitization, parakeratosis , alopecia, Intense itching ,swelling of ears, anorexiaand decreased milk production and twenty three(23) clinically healthy local sheepbreeds were considered as controls. The study was documented at late summer andearly autumn time / 2015. Complete clinical examinations had been applied to allanimals. Results indicated that diseased sheep show signs of anorexia, salivation,decrease milk production in milking animals, transient diarrhea, hypotricosis speciallyof face with irregular patches of wool looseness, Intense itching of different bodyparts, signs of parakeratosis, swelling and dropping of ears, icteric mucousmembranes specially of eyes, furthermore, on clinical examinations diseased animalsshow rapid abdominal respiration, tachycardia with strong heart beats, decreaseruminal contractions and increase body temperature, moreover hematologicalexaminations show significant decrease in total RBC, Hb and PCV count reflectingMacrocytic hypochromic anemia, moreover total leukocytes count were alsoincreased significantly due to increase lymphocytes and eosinophiles. Dataconcerning biochemical analysis revealed significantly decrease in total protein valuesand zinc, whereas ALT.AST.ALP. Total and direct bilirubine and GGT, weresignificantly increased in diseased sheep compared with controls. Postmortemexamination of dead or slaughtered animals showed enlarged icteric liver and have amarked lobular pattern with yellow white patches of necrotic lesions, However somecases show atrophied and marked fibrosed liver, in addition, histopathologicalexamination of skin raveled hyperkeratosis, parakeratosis, acanthosis with vacuolatedkeratinocytes and infiltration of mononuclear inflammatory cells mainly lymphocytes,  moreover keratinized epidermis of the skin indicated severe parakeratosis with thickkeratin deposition and infiltration of lymphocytes, however liver of dead orslaughtered animals show severe fibrosis of portal region with presence of edematousfluid around bile duct and portal vasculatures were found congested, furthermore,stenosis of bile duct due to hepatic fibrosis was detected with edematous fluids aroundportal region included bile duct .It had been concluded that the results revealed thatthe facial eczema syndrome was hepatogenic, light allergic eczema caused by toxichepatic dysfunctions and hepatonecrosis in grazing sheep in this area

This study was carried out for detection of Salmonella isolates from 278 different samples(direct milk 50 samples, indirect milk 50 samples, feces 50 samples, teat swabs 50 samples ,hand milker swabs 28 and 50 stool samples ) in Basrah during the period between 20 September2015 to 5 January 2016. The results revealed that the incidence rate of Salmonella isolates insamples was 6.1% by using API system, serotyping and PCR technique. Serological methodsrevealed that high percentage of Salmonella serotype was Salmonella typhimurium 29.5%. Thehighest resistance of Salmonella spp. isolates were found against chloramphenicol and rifampin(100%). Whereas the lowest resistance was against ciprofloxacin (0.0%). Using plasmid curingby temperature method showed that 41.1% of total Salmonella isolates were related plasmidantimicrobial resistance.

aim of this study was to estimated genetic parameters of dystocia variable in Holsteindairy cows in Iran. For this purpose we used of data set that related to 734 herds of Holsteincows in Iran that was collected from 24 years ago (between 1990-2014) by breeding centerand improve livestock production of Iran country. To study the structure of the data,descriptive statistics and observations to correction effects we used of the SAS 9.1 statisticalsoftware and GLM procedure. To obtain genetic parameters attribute dystocia we used of AIREML procedures of WOMBAT software to analyzed univariate linear model and the resultsobtained are as follows: Additive variance, residual variance, phenotypic variance andheritability (±SE) for the first period of lactation, are 0.0045103, 0.029629, 0.034139,0.132±0.003 respectively, for the second period of lactation are 0.00063452, 0.073695,0.074329, 0.009±0.002 respectively and for third period of lactation are 0.00036919,0.073817, 0.074187, 0.005±0.001 respectively was estimated. In all three lactation periodswe can seen that lowest percentage of dystocia was occurred at age 27 to 28 months 18.66%,between the ages of 28 to 38 months 10.14% and for ages 40 to 51 months 9.61% and by considering Cochran Armitage test results we can determined that the difference between the classes for this trend is significant statistically(p<0.0001).

The Phenotypic identification results revealed that Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB)isolates which is characterized by both Gram positive and catalase negative reactionswas observed in 51 % of cow raw milk bacterial isolates with 51% an overall ratio.Thehigher results(58.5%.) of conventionallbacteriological analysis were observed in rawmilk bacterial isolates of cows lat first age group(≥3 - < 9 year) , There wassignificantleffect ( p< 0.05)for the cows age on the raw milk bacterialisolatesldistribution .The number of parturition affect significantly ( p< 0.05) on thelrawmilk bacterial isolates distribution and high ratio( 52%)of LAB isolateslwas observed incows with ≥6-<12 number oflparturitionDepending on genotypic identification results the high ratio (100%) ofpositivelresults of 16S rDNA based PCR appeared in all of raw milk bacterial isolatesof cowslat second age group(≥9 - ˂15 year) , and the difference between the twoagelgroups stastically was not considered significant (P>0.05)..The number ofparturitionlhad اhigh significant effect (p< 0.001) on16S rDNA based PCRpositivelresults and high ratio(50%) of these results was observed inlcows with 1 - <6 number oflparturition.Subsequent bacteriocin encoding geneslbased PCR analysisof 16S rDNA genes based PCR positive LAB revealed that higher ratio of PCRpositive results (60.9%) was observed in EntlB followed by Nis encodinggenes(30.4%) . High significant difference(P<0.01) was observed amonglthe Nis, EntA and Ent B encoding genes based PCR positivelresults.