Studying of interaction of phytolectins with carbohydrate epitopes of cattle erythrocytes and alpha 1-4 D-glukan was realize in the conditions of the Republic of Belarus was realized by the example of seeds of soy (Glycine max) of Viliya variety, common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) of Olga variety, spring barley (Hordeum vulgare) of VM-MGF variety, and wheat (Triticum aestivum) of Akogomugi varity. Lectins studies of pathological conditions (infringement of a cellular metabolism, transformation and cell destruction, etc.) were closely connected with research of structure and functions of cellular membranes that was important for carrying out of various biotechnological works. As a result of the realized research there was given the comparative characteristic of hemagglutinin activity of phytolectins of some bean and grain crops in relation to erythrocytes of cattle and precipitating with and 1-4 D-glukan. Intensive precipitation of alpha 1-4 D-glukan was observed in the conditions of its interaction with lectins of soya and wheat and less expressed in the conditions of interaction with lectins of bean and barley. It was established, that glucose monomers and its derivatives proved to be the basic structural element of glycocalyx of erythrocytes which detected the phytolectins of soya, beans, wheat and barley

In the conditions of application of enzyme preparations there is the possibility of inclusion into mixed fodders structure of such cheap fodder grains as rye. Determination of the optimal dose of introduction of the liquid enzymatic fodder additive (xylanase – 8800 units; phytase – 600 units; cellulose – 880 units; r-gluco – 4000 units; a- amylase – 200 units) and its influence on stores productivity during the completion of growing and fattening periods was realized in the conditions of the Republic of Belarus. Research results showed the following: inclusion into mixed fodders of the increased amount of rye grain (without the enzyme additive) for stores feeding during the completion of growing (20%) and fattening (30%) periods did not render negative influence on experimental animals; the optimal dose of the trial enzyme for stores during the completion of growing period - (SK-21 including rye grain - 20%) was 200 ml per 1 t of mixed fodders; the optimal dose of the trial enzyme for stores during the fattening period (KDS-26 including rye -30%) was 150 ml per 1 t of mixed fodders. Application of the experimental fodder additive promoted the increasing live weight gain. There was noted the tendency of the positive influence of the analyzed enzyme on dry and organic matter, fat, dietary fibre and nitrogen-free extractive substances digestibility

Belarus is included into number of the leading countries of the world which provide the increasing of the expansion rates of milk production and dairy products on a per capita basis. However, the agricultural enterprises of the Republic of Belarus annually spend approximately 800 thousand tons of whole milk that makes about 20% from the general milk yield for manufacturing expenditures in the process of livestock operation. The purpose of research was working out of a new premix structure and zootechnic requirements to its use in structure of milk replacer, produced on hydrodynamic installation. The optimum doses of amino acids, vitamins and mineral substances promoted the increasing of calves daily average weight gain during the dairy period on 5,4% (788,5 g instead of 748,1 g), reducing of expenses for forages per 1 kg of weight gain - on 6,5% (2,9 fodder units against 3,1 fodder units) and the decreasing of the prime cost production for fodder expenses - on 4,7%. There was presented the composition and nutritive value of the analysed whole milk replacer. Usage of local sources of protein-fatty raw materials of plant origin, and also secondary resources of processing of whole milk in the content of milk replacer for young cattle allows to completely refuse from expensive components delivered from abroad and to lower their cost

Research on preserving ability of the biological preserving agent Bioplant for grass and maize silage making was realized in the conditions of the Republic of Belarus. Application of Bioplant in course of grasess and maize encilaging promoted the faster accumulation of the significant amount of milk acid and decreasing of рН up to 4,1-4,2. Silage which was prepared with preserving agent Bioplant corresponded to the top grade of quality. Application of Bioplant for preparation of siloed forages promoted the reduction of losses at their storage. For example, in grass-legume and cereal silage there was a reduction of dry matter losses in comparison with control silage - on 4,7 and 4,2%, crude protein - on 5,6 and 5,0%, respectively. In maize silage the addition of the preserving agent there was stated the decreasing of nutrient losses in comparison with the control: dry matter - on 5,2%, crude protein - on 6,2%. Feeding of wedder hogs with the silage preserved by the preserving agent Bioplant provided higher digestibility of crude protein in comparison with the control group: on 3,2% in the conditions of grass-legume silage use, on 2,4% - in the conditions of feeding with cereals, and on 2,9% - in the conditions of feeding with maize silage

The comparative analysis of application of cereal ensilage produced with addition of microbial and enzymatic preserving agents Axphast Gold and Biotrof on fodder digestibility, hematological indexes and cicatrical digestion of cattle rearers was realized in the conditions of the Republic of Belarus. Cattle feeding with the analysed silage rendered positive effect on digestibility of the forage dry matter, which was on 2% higher the control index, organic matter - on 2,4%, nitrogen-free extractive substances - on 2,84%, fat - on 0,58%, protein - on 2,3%, cellulose - on 2,1%. Use in feeding of ensilaged forages from the cereal perennial grasses preserved by the microbial- enzymatic preparation produced by company Biota rendered the positive influence on use of nitrogen, calcium and phosphorus. There was also noted the increasing of the content of volatile fatty acids in paunch of young cattle silage fed with Axphast Gold that testified of more effective utilization of forage

The results of Pasteurella allocation from fur animals on the basis of studying of their cultural-morphological, biochemical properties and definition of a specific accessory are given. As a result of carrying out of bacteriological research of the pathological material received from fur animals, pure cultures have been allocated. On the basis of cultural-morphological and biochemical properties these cultures are carried to Pasteurella multocida. At serotyping these cultures Pasteurella multocida are carried to serovariants A, B and D. For selection the most important in the epizootic relation serovariants A and B Pasteurella multocida have been selected. Selected strains of serovariants A and B Pasteurella multocida had stable properties for everyone serovariant Pasteurella, that has given the basis to passport them in a collection of microorganisms to The S.N.Vyshelesskij Institute of Experimental Veterinary Medicine and a demand tax in the National centre of intellectual property at Ministerial council of Belarus on patents | Приводятся результаты выделения от пушных зверей пастерелл на основании изучения их культурально-морфологических, биохимических свойств и определение серовариантной принадлежности. В результате проведения бактериологических исследований патологического материала, полученного от пушных зверей, были выделены чистые культуры на основании культурально-морфологических и биохимических свойств и отнесены к Pasteurella multocida. При серотипизации установленные культуры Pasteurella multocida отнесены к серовариантам А, В и D. Для проведения селекции были отобраны наиболее важные в эпизоотическом отношении серовариан-ты А и В Pasteurella multocida. Селекционированные штаммы серовариантов А и В Pasteurella multocida имели стабильные свойства для каждого сероварианта пастерелл, что дало основание паспортизировать их в коллекции микроорганизмов Инстита экспериментальной ветеринарии им. С.Н. Вышелесского и подать заявки в Национальный центр интеллектуальной собственности при Совете Министров Республики Беларусь на патенты

Among bacterial infections of fur animals in beast breeding farm in Belarus pasteurellosis takes a leading place - 42,06%. Pasteurellosis of fur animals is characterized by the expressed seasonal prevalence. The greatest percent of Pasteurella allocation is registered during the autumn and spring periods. The maximum allocation is noted in October and March accordingly 18,55% and 13,21%. Infection rate with pasteurellosis depends on age of fur animals. The most susceptible is the young growth at the age from 2 till 5 months. Pasteurellosis of fur animals is most often clinically shown by symptoms of defeat of respiratory organs and has subacute and chronic current. Pathoanatomical changes at fur animals at pasteurellosis have expressed tropism to respiratory system with formation of characteristic changes without dependence from a disease current; at acute process the picture of hemorrhagic diathesis is added, at a chronic current are observed necrotic changes in a number of tissues. | Среди бактериальных инфекций пушных зверей в звероводческих хозяйствах Республики Беларусь пастереллез занимает ведущее место - 42,06%. Пастереллез пушных зверей характеризуется выраженной сезонностью. Наибольший процент выделения пастерелл регистрируется в осенний и весенний периоды. Максимальное выделение отмечено в октябре и марте соответственно 18,55% и 13,21%. Уровень заболеваемости пастереллезом зависит от возраста пушных зверей. Наиболее восприимчивым является молодняк в возрасте от 2 до 5 месяцев. У пушных зверей пастереллез наиболее часто клинически проявляется симптомами поражения органов дыхания и имеет подострое и хроническое течение. Патологоанатомические изменения у пушных зверей при пастереллезе имеют выраженный тропизм к дыхательной системе с формированием характерных изменений вне зависимости от течения заболевания; при остром процессе добавляется картина гемораггического диатеза, при хроническом течении наблюдаются некротические изменения в ряде тканей.

The diseases of newborn calves with a diarrhea syndrome are the most often registered. Application of the prebiotic preparations Biofon and Biofon-AIL to newborn calves daily with colostrum, milk or water in a dose of 20 ml within 20 days, allows to normalize intestinal digestion of an organism of young growth of calves at the expense of activization of microbiocenosis, stimulates metabolism and nonspecific resistance. Use of prebiotics allows to lower disease of young growth at Biofon application on 20%, Biofon-AIL - on 30% and to increase daily average additional weight gain of calves accordingly on 10,4% and 15,9%. Medical and preventive efficiency of application of prebiotic and probiotic preparations at enteritises at calves reaches 80-90%. Prebiotic preparations Biofon and Biofon-AIL make active nonspecific humoral immunity and exchange processes at newborn calves and can successfully be used for preventive maintenance and therapy of diseases of newborn calves with a diarrhea syndrome | У новорожденных телят наиболее часто регистрируются заболевания с диарейным синдромом. Применение пребиотических препаратов Биофон и Биофон АИЛ новорожденным телятам ежедневно с молозивом, молоком или водой в дозе 20 мл в течение 20 дней, позволяет нормализовать кишечное пищеварение организма молодняка за счет активизации микробиоценоза, стимулируют обмен веществ и неспецифическую резистентность. Использование пребиотиков позволяет снизить заболеваемость молодняка при применении биофона -на 20%, биофона-АИЛ - на 30% и увеличить среднесуточные привесы массы телят соответственно на 10,4% и 15,9%. Лечебная и профилактическая эффективность применения пребиотических и пробиотических препаратов при энтеритах у телят достигает 80-90%. Пребиотики Биофон и Биофон АИЛ активизируют неспецифический гуморальный иммунитет и обменные процессы у новорожденных телят и могут успешно использоваться для профилактики и терапии заболеваний новорожденных телят с диарейным синдромом

Research on studying of probiotics and prebiotics influence on natural resistance, hemogenesis, metabolism, growth, development and safety are spent on chickens of 1-37-day age in the conditions of clinic of the department of internal noncontagious diseases and the central resarch laboratory of research institute of applied veterinary medicine and biotechnology Vitebsk State Academy of Veterinary Medicine. It was established that the combined use of probiotics and prebiotics increases the defense, raises safety rate and stimulates body weight gain in broiler chickens. Hence, probiotics and prebiotics at joint application render expressed growth-promoting effect, promote high safety of young growth, disease decrease, increase in a weight gain, raise indicators of the general and local protection, stimulate hemogenesis and exchange processes during the most intense periods of bird cultivation. At separate application of probiotics and prebiotics these indicators were a little lower, but authentically above, than at chickens of control group | Исследования по изучению влияния пробиотиков и пребиотиков на естественную резистентность, гемопоэз, обмен веществ, рост, развитие и сохранность, проведены на цыплятах 1-37-дневного возраста в условиях клиники кафедры внутренних незаразных болезней и центральной научно-исследовательской лаборатории Научно-исследовательского института прикладной ветеринарной медицины и биотехнологии УО ВГАВМ. Совместное применение пробиотика и пребиотика усиливает защиту, повышает сохранность и стимулирует прирост массы тела цыплят-бройлеров. Следовательно, про пробиотики и пребиотики при совместном применении оказывают выраженное ростостимулирующее действие, способствуют высокой сохранности молодняка, снижению заболеваемости, увеличению прироста массы, повышают показатели общей и местной защиты, стимулируют гемопоэз и обменные процессы в наиболее напряженные периоды выращивания птицы. При раздельном применении пробиотиков и пребиотиков эти показатели были несколько ниже, но достоверно выше, чем у цыплят контрольной группы

Due to Herbal medicine it is possible to use cheap and ecological clean preparation. Studied medicinal forms of wormwood bitter (the wormwood bitter extract, fluid extract, Artemizitan) in therapeutic dose stimulate the factors of natural resistance beside animals. Results of studying of lysozyme activity in blood serum have shown that preparations of wormwood bitter have caused authentic increase of this indicator in comparison with control animals, both in pigs, and at sheep. Bactericidal activity of blood serum was authentically more than in control group, both at pigs, and at sheep after introduction of infusion of wormwood bitter. Studying of influence of wormwood bitter on phagocytosis indicators has shown, that all medicinal forms of plant have made stimulating impact on phagocytal activity of neutrophils and phagocytal number both in experiences on pigs, and on sheep. Artemitizan has caused authentic increase and phagocytal index. Thus, the research will be coordinated with literary data, that preparations of wormwood bitter make stimulating impact on indicators of natural resistance of animal blood | Благодаря фитотерапии возможно использование дешевых и экологически чистых препаратов. Изученные лекарственные формы полыни горькой (настой полыни горькой, жидкий экстракт полыни горькой, артемизитан) в терапевтических дозах стимулируют показатели естественной резистентности у животных. Результаты изучения лизоцимной активности в сыворотке крови показали, что препараты полыни горькой вызвали достоверное повышение этого показателя по сравнению с контрольными животными, как у свиней, так и у овец. Бактерицидная активность сыворотки крови была достоверно больше, чем в контрольной группе, как у свиней, так и у овец после введения настоя полыни горькой. Изучение влияния полыни горькой на показатели фагоцитоза показало, что все лекарственные формы растения оказали стимулирующее влияние на фагоцитарную активность нейтрофилов и фагоцитарное число как в опытах на свиньях, так и на овцах. Артемизитан вызвал достоверное повышение и фагоцитарного индекса. Таким образом, наши исследования согласуются с литературными данными, что препараты полыни горькой оказывают стимулирующее влияние на показатели естественной резистентности крови животных