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The objectivity of Vertebral Heart Scale: Comparison of Detailed Radiographic Findings with Vertebral Heart Scale in Symptomatic Dogs with Cardiac Failure Полный текст
2022
Sinem Saka | Onur İskefli | Mehmet Or | Utku Bakırel
The current study aimed to evaluate the objectivity of the vertebral heart scale in the right, left, and generalized cardiomegaly. The correlation between vertebral heart scale and cardiomegaly was determined by conventional methods using a detailed evaluation form of vertebral heart scale and main stem bronchus spine distance measurements and radiographic findings. For this reason, a detailed radiographic evaluation form, including cardiac shape alterations, tracheal displacement, the ratio of the width of the heart to the thorax, and effusive findings due to cardiac failure, was compiled to provide gradation and detection of both-sided alterations in latero-lateral and dorso-ventral view. X-rays of 189 symptomatic dogs with cardiac disorders were included in the study and evaluated by experienced staff. X-ray findings were classified as left-right and both-sided enlargement and graded as mild, moderate, or severe enlargement. Using statistical analysis, the vertebral heart scale method was found to be correlated with findings of left and generalized enlargement, and a significant difference was found between the moderate and severe class (respectively P
Показать больше [+] Меньше [-]Salmonella sp. and Staphylococcus aureus contamination on food and hands of food handlers at Food Management Sites (TPM) Ulee Lheue Seaport Полный текст
2022
Nurliana, Nurliana | Raudhah, Raudhah | Ferasyi, Teuku Reza | Sugito, Sugito | Darmawi, Darmawi | Sari, Wahyu Eka
This study aims to determine the presence of Salmonella sp. and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria in rendang meat, fried chicken, fried fish, and omelets, as well as in the hands of food handlers in the Food Management Place (TPM). Ulee Lheue Sea Port by using laboratory tests. The study used five samples of food and five samples of food handlers' hands taken from the Food Management Place (TPM) of Ulee Lheue Seaport. Bacterial analysis on food samples in the laboratory using the Total Plate Count (TPC) method. Meanwhile, the Replicate Organism Direct Agar Contact (RODAC) method was used to examine food handlers' hands. Laboratory tests resulted from five food samples and five food handlers' hand samples that Salmonella sp. was found in omelets, and Staphylococcus aureus was found in beef rendang, fried chicken, fried fish, omelets, and hand samples of food handlers. It is necessary to conduct hygiene and environmental sanitation counseling at TPM around Port of Ulee Lheue.
Показать больше [+] Меньше [-]Evaluating of The Addition Coconut Pulp (Cocos Nucifera L) Fermentation in Feed and The Effect on Percentage of Carcass Broiler Chicken Полный текст
2022
Ayuti, Siti Rani | Fikri, M. | Rastina, Rastina | Herrialfian, Herrialfian | Helmi, T. Zahrial | Isa, M. | Zamzami, Rumi Sahara
Broilers are chickens with high meat production. The productivity of broiler is seen from the percentage of carcass and abdominal fat. This study aims to determine the effect of giving fermented coconut pulp (Cocos nucifera L) on the percentage of carcass and abdominal fat of broilers. This study used a completely randomized design experimental method (CRD) consisting of 6 treatments and 6 replications so that the total observations were 36 units of observation. Each treatment had P1: 100% commercial feed without fermented coconut dregs, P2: 90% commercial feed + 10% fermented coconut dregs, P3: 80% commercial feed + 20% fermented coconut dregs, P4: 70% commercial feed + 30 % fermented coconut dregs, P5: 60% commercial feed + 40% fermented coconut dregs, P6 : 50% commercial feed + 50% fermented coconut dregs. The data were analyzed using the analysis of variance which was preceded by the battle test, followed by the Tukey test using the SPSS program. The analysis of variance showed significantly different results (P0.05) on the percentage of carcass and abdominal fat of the broiler. Tukey's follow-up test on the carcass showed a significant difference (P0.05) and there was no significant difference in fat (P0.05). It can be concluded that the supplementary feed of fermented coconut pulp can be used 40% as additional feed to increase the carcass percentage but not reduce the broiler abdominal fat percentage.
Показать больше [+] Меньше [-]Knowledge, Attitudes and Actions of Farmers on Qanun Number 3 of 2016 About Controlling Productive Female Cattle and Buffalo in Aceh Besar District Полный текст
2022
Nugraha, Satria | Ferasyi, Teuku Reza | Nurliana, Nurliana | Sugito, Sugito | Helmi, Teuku Zahrial
The research was at determining the knowledge, attitudes, and actions of farmers on the Qanun number 3 of 2016 regarding the control of productive cows and buffaloes to avoid slaughtering productive cows and buffaloes so that livestock populations are maintained. This research was conducted using a survey method for three months starting from May 2021 to July 2021. Breeders were selected using the purposive sampling method and interviews were conducted by filling out a validated questionnaire. The data analysis method used was descriptive qualitative analysis using a structured questionnaire to 110 farmer respondents with the criteria of having 2 years of experience in raising cattle, and raising female cows. The livestock population has increased since Qanun Number 3 was issued in 2016. The results of this study indicate that the level of knowledge of farmers is in a good category (72.5%), attitude is a very good category (83.2%) and action is good category (72.5%).
Показать больше [+] Меньше [-]Detection of Beef Type Dark, Firm, and Dry (DFD) and Pale, Soft, and Exudative (PSE) for Sale at Peunayong Market Banda Aceh Полный текст
2022
Novita, Andi Novita | Siregar, Silvia Rahman | Ferasyi, Teuku Reza
This study aims to determine beef types Dark, Firm, and Dry (DFD) and Pale, Soft, and Exudative (PSE) that are sold at the Peunayong Market, Banda Aceh. A total of nine samples of beef from different sellers will be used as extracts and the pH is measured three times every 1 hour for 12 hours to determine the trend of decreasing pH. Organoleptic observations were carried out to determine the visual differences shown by the meat samples. Parameters observed were meat color, meat aroma, meat texture and surface state of the meat. The data obtained from pH measurements and organoleptic tests were analyzed descriptively. Based on the results of pH measurements seen from the decreasing trend of pH in nine samples of beef, seven of them were PSE type beef with a pH value of 5.2 and the other two samples were of good quality meat with a pH value ranging from 5.6 to 5.4. From the results of organoleptic tests for color parameters, four samples were pale, one sample was very pale and the rest were red. All the meat samples tasted normal. Meat texture and surface condition for soft-textured meat has a wet surface, while hard-textured meat has a dry surface.
Показать больше [+] Меньше [-]A Study of Kitten Behaviours in The Urban Backyard Полный текст
2022
Rosalia, Rosalia | Ferasyi, Teuku Reza | Syah, Nanda Yulian
Kitten is the earliest stage of a cats life, starting from 0 6 months old. As the golden age of a human baby in their first 1000 days of life, a kitten is the golden period for cats to grow and explore the environments. People tend to adopt cats at this stage as it is easier for them to shape and understand the characteristics of their cats. Therefore, understanding the behaviors of cats during the kitten period is fundamental. This study observed the behaviors of two pet kittens at 13 weeks of age when they roamed around the urban backyard. An ethogram was designed to record the duration of states (in second) and the frequency of events (per observation) of all behaviors. During the assessments, both kittens dominantly performed exploratory behaviors. They tended to explore the environment by sniffing ground, climbing trees, staring at birds, and walking around the backyard. These behaviors could be seen more often than their playing behaviors (object play and social play). In conclusion, this study supports the view that during the late socialization period (9-16 weeks), kittens seem to show the intense exploration of the environment as part of the development of predatory behavior or hunting skills in wild nature settings.
Показать больше [+] Меньше [-]Detection Of Antibiotic Residues in Eggs of Layer Chickens and Knowledge of Animal Officers About Antibiotics Полный текст
2022
Jefrianda, Jefrianda | Nurliana, Nurliana | Darmawi, Darmawi | Ferasyi, Teuku Reza | Sugito, Sugito
The chicken farming industry in Indonesia cannot be separated from the use of antibiotics as a curative effort in controlling the disease. Its use is either via injection, soaking, or as a feed additive (growth promoter) mixed in feed. Inappropriate use of antibiotics causes allergic reactions or resistance and the possibility of causing poisoning, residues in livestock tissues or organs that are harmful to human health when consuming them. This study aimed to determine the antibiotic residues in eggs and the level of knowledge of livestock workers on the use of antibiotics in livestock. The detection of antibiotic residues was conducted using the agar plate diffusion method by Kirby Bauer with the disk diffusion technique using Escherichia coli and Salmonella sp. As indicator bacteria. The results were analysed using a qualitative descriptive approach. The samples were 76 eggs taken from the Regional Technical Implementation Unit of the Non-Ruminant Livestock Center of the Aceh Livestock Service in Blang Bintang and Saree Aceh Besar. Chloramphenicol antibiotic was used as a test medium and as control by calculating the diameter of the inhibition zone formed on MHA media. furthermore, a cross-sectional study design was used and questionnaires were distributed to 14 livestock officers to understand the knowledge of officers on the use of antibiotics in livestock by using google form. The data were analyzed using the chi-square test through the SPSS 22.0 program. The results showed that the eggs and feed samples were negative from antibiotic residue. There was no relationship between feeding and antibiotic residues in eggs and laying hens feed. However, only 35.7% of officers had good knowledge about proper antibiotic usage. This means continuing awareness to the officers regarding the use of antibiotics either for treatment of diseases or as feed promoter are essential.
Показать больше [+] Меньше [-]Reproductive Performance, Piglet Mortality and Reproductive Health Problems of Sows in The Ejisu Municipality Полный текст
2022
Atawalna, Joseph | Junior, Essel Daniel Cobbinah | Ennu, Theophilus Nda
A cross-sectional study was conducted among commercial pig farmers in the Ejisu Municipality to investigate reproductive performance, piglet mortality, and reproductive health problems on their farms. Questionnaires designed to obtain information on reproductive performance and reproductive health problems were administered to a total of 50 randomly selected pig farmers. Three farms were randomly selected to monitor farrowing and pre-weaning piglet mortality. The farrowing records of a minimum of 10 sows on each farm were taken, and the piglets followed up to the point of weaning by six weeks. Records of piglet mortalities and their causes were retrieved from farm records or post mortem reports. The mean litter size, stillbirth per litter, piglet birth weight (Kg), weaning to estrus interval, and gestation period were 9.5 1.4, 1.6 0.2, 1.0 0.1, .71.0 days, and 115.1 2.6 days, respectively. The pre-weaning mortality (%) at day 42 was 18.7 and ranged from 7.3-28.3. Within the first two days post farrowing, mechanical crushing (8.9%) of piglets by sows and piglet starvation (7.2%), while diarrhea (2.5%) and piglet anemia (1.5%) accounted for mortalities within the first two weeks of life. Reproductive health problems by frequency of occurrence included mastitis (23%), agalactia (18%), stillbirths (18%), repeat breeders (14%) and dystocia (14%). The study concluded that the reproductive performance of sows was satisfactory, while pre-weaning piglet mortality was high. It is recommended to intensify extension education on the management of piglets after farrowing.
Показать больше [+] Меньше [-]Effect of aromatic oils on the expression of some virulence-associated and antimicrobial resistance genes of Escherichia coli isolated from broilers Полный текст
2022
Walid Hamdy Hassan (Department of Bacteriology, Mycology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt) | Hala Sayed Hassan Salam (Department of Bacteriology, Mycology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt) | Wafaa Mohamed Hassan (Microbiology-Reference Laboratory of Quality Control on Poultry Production, Animal Health Research Institute AHRI, Giza Governorate, Egypt) | Salama Abohamra Sayed Shany (Department of Poultry Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt) | Ghada Sayed Ibrahim Osman (Department of Bacteriology, Animal Health Research Institute, Beni-Suef Laboratory, Agricultural Research Center, Beni-Suef, Egypt.)
Effect of aromatic oils on the expression of some virulence-associated and antimicrobial resistance genes of Escherichia coli isolated from broilers Полный текст
2022
Walid Hamdy Hassan (Department of Bacteriology, Mycology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt) | Hala Sayed Hassan Salam (Department of Bacteriology, Mycology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt) | Wafaa Mohamed Hassan (Microbiology-Reference Laboratory of Quality Control on Poultry Production, Animal Health Research Institute AHRI, Giza Governorate, Egypt) | Salama Abohamra Sayed Shany (Department of Poultry Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt) | Ghada Sayed Ibrahim Osman (Department of Bacteriology, Animal Health Research Institute, Beni-Suef Laboratory, Agricultural Research Center, Beni-Suef, Egypt.)
Objectives: This study aimed to prove the effects of Escherichia coli isolates isolated from dis¬eased broilers to form biofilms, describe their antimicrobial sensetivity, and determine the effect of allicin and cinnamon essential oils on the expression of some genes (fimH, int1, and luxS) through quantitative polymerase chain reaction (q-PCR). Materials and Methods: 140 samples were obtained from diseased broilers in Beni-Suef Governorate, Egypt. These samples were examined by conventional bacteriology methods to detect the causative agent. The antimicrobial susceptibility of the isolated bacteria was assessed using the disc diffusion method, The ability of yeast extract-casamino acids Congo Red Agar to generate phenotypic biofilms was next tested. The presence of resistance and virulence genes in some multidrug resistant isolates was genotypically investigated. The antibacterial effects of allicin and cinnamon oil were evaluated against the growth of multidrug-resistant E. coli. Finally, q-PCR was utilized to assess changes in some genes' expression. Results: Escherichia coli was isolated from 61 samples (43.6%). An antimicrobial susceptibility test revealed that multidrug-resistance (MDR) (could resist more than three antimicrobial classes) E. coli prevalence was 100%. 40.8% of isolates phenotypically produce biofilms. The detection of resistance and virulence genes by PCR showed that all tested isolates carry aadB, fimH, int1, qnrS, and luxS genes, while only 40% harbor iss genes. q-PCR showed that after treatment with allicin and cinnamon oils, gene expression went down. Conclusion: This investigation highlights that E. coli showed resistance against most of the tested antimicrobials; all isolates were MDR. The study showed wide dissemination of virulence and resistance genes among E. coli. Allicin and cinnamon oils have antimicrobial activities and could be used as alternatives to synthetic antimicrobial agents. [J Adv Vet Anim Res 2022; 9(2.000): 191-202]
Показать больше [+] Меньше [-]Effect of aromatic oils on the expression of some virulence-associated and antimicrobial resistance genes of Escherichia coli isolated from broilers Полный текст
2022
Walid Hamdy Hassan | Hala Sayed Hassan Salam | Wafaa Mohamed Hassan | Salama Abohamra Sayed Shany | Ghada Sayed Ibrahim Osman
Objectives: This study aimed to prove the effects of Escherichia coli isolates isolated from dis¬eased broilers to form biofilms, describe their antimicrobial sensetivity, and determine the effect of allicin and cinnamon essential oils on the expression of some genes (fimH, int1, and luxS) through quantitative polymerase chain reaction (q-PCR). Materials and Methods: 140 samples were obtained from diseased broilers in Beni-Suef Governorate, Egypt. These samples were examined by conventional bacteriology methods to detect the causative agent. The antimicrobial susceptibility of the isolated bacteria was assessed using the disc diffusion method, The ability of yeast extract-casamino acids Congo Red Agar to generate phenotypic biofilms was next tested. The presence of resistance and virulence genes in some multidrug resistant isolates was genotypically investigated. The antibacterial effects of allicin and cinnamon oil were evaluated against the growth of multidrug-resistant E. coli. Finally, q-PCR was utilized to assess changes in some genes' expression. Results: Escherichia coli was isolated from 61 samples (43.6%). An antimicrobial susceptibility test revealed that multidrug-resistance (MDR) (could resist more than three antimicrobial classes) E. coli prevalence was 100%. 40.8% of isolates phenotypically produce biofilms. The detection of resistance and virulence genes by PCR showed that all tested isolates carry aadB, fimH, int1, qnrS, and luxS genes, while only 40% harbor iss genes. q-PCR showed that after treatment with allicin and cinnamon oils, gene expression went down. Conclusion: This investigation highlights that E. coli showed resistance against most of the tested antimicrobials; all isolates were MDR. The study showed wide dissemination of virulence and resistance genes among E. coli. Allicin and cinnamon oils have antimicrobial activities and could be used as alternatives to synthetic antimicrobial agents. [J Adv Vet Anim Res 2022; 9(2.000): 191-202]
Показать больше [+] Меньше [-]Porcine circovirus type 2 and its associated diseases in southwestern Nigeria: Farmers' perception and level of awareness Полный текст
2022
Oluwawemimo Oluseun Adebowale (Department of Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria) | Olufemi Samuel Amoo (Centre for Human Virology and Genomics Research, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research NIMR, Yaba, Nigeria) | Kayode Olayinka Afolabi (Molecular Epidemiology and Public Health Research Group (MEPHREG), Department of Biological Sciences, Anchor University, Nigeria. & Anchor University Center for Global Health (AUCGH), Nigeria) | Abimbola Adetokunbo Oloye (Department of Veterinary Surgery and Theriogenology, Federal University Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria.)
Porcine circovirus type 2 and its associated diseases in southwestern Nigeria: Farmers' perception and level of awareness Полный текст
2022
Oluwawemimo Oluseun Adebowale (Department of Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria) | Olufemi Samuel Amoo (Centre for Human Virology and Genomics Research, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research NIMR, Yaba, Nigeria) | Kayode Olayinka Afolabi (Molecular Epidemiology and Public Health Research Group (MEPHREG), Department of Biological Sciences, Anchor University, Nigeria. & Anchor University Center for Global Health (AUCGH), Nigeria) | Abimbola Adetokunbo Oloye (Department of Veterinary Surgery and Theriogenology, Federal University Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria.)
Objective: Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) is one of the most important causative agents of swine diseases that pose a global economic threat. Presently, there is little or no information on the perception and awareness of PCV2 and its associated effects among pig farmers in Nigeria. Therefore, this research was carried out to describe pig farmers' views, awareness, and likely impact of PCV2 and its associated postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS) on pig production in the southwestern region of Nigeria. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional survey of pig farmers in Oyo and Ogun states, Southwest Nigeria, was carried out with the help of a self-administered questionnaire. Results: A total of 111 farms out of the 385 required took part in the study, resulting in a total response rate of 28.8%. 89 (79.2%, 95% CI = 70.8–85.8) pig farmers who participated were unaware of PCV2, while 46 (41.4%, 95% CI = 32.7–50.7) had heard about PMWS. The level of awareness was generally poor, with an average score of 1.43 (SD ± 1.25; 23.9%). Only 23% (25/111) of the participants had a high level of awareness. To promote awareness about PCV2/PMWS, participants' most preferred sources of information were seminars, extension services (especially by veterinary and agricultural extension officers), social media (WhatsApp and YouTube), and mobile telephone (through calls or text messages). Conclusions: The present study showed a gap in the level of farmers' awareness about PCV2/ PMWS, and to bridge the gap, more scientific-based evidence is needed to promote targeted educational programs and policy formulations. Also, with the dearth of information about PCV2, it is necessary to determine its prevalence and the characteristics of the virus possibly circulating within the swine herds in Nigeria. [J Adv Vet Anim Res 2022; 9(2.000): 203-210]
Показать больше [+] Меньше [-]Porcine circovirus type 2 and its associated diseases in southwestern Nigeria: Farmers' perception and level of awareness Полный текст
2022
Oluwawemimo Oluseun Adebowale | Olufemi Samuel Amoo | Kayode Olayinka Afolabi | Abimbola Adetokunbo Oloye
Objective: Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) is one of the most important causative agents of swine diseases that pose a global economic threat. Presently, there is little or no information on the perception and awareness of PCV2 and its associated effects among pig farmers in Nigeria. Therefore, this research was carried out to describe pig farmers' views, awareness, and likely impact of PCV2 and its associated postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS) on pig production in the southwestern region of Nigeria. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional survey of pig farmers in Oyo and Ogun states, Southwest Nigeria, was carried out with the help of a self-administered questionnaire. Results: A total of 111 farms out of the 385 required took part in the study, resulting in a total response rate of 28.8%. 89 (79.2%, 95% CI = 70.8–85.8) pig farmers who participated were unaware of PCV2, while 46 (41.4%, 95% CI = 32.7–50.7) had heard about PMWS. The level of awareness was generally poor, with an average score of 1.43 (SD ± 1.25; 23.9%). Only 23% (25/111) of the participants had a high level of awareness. To promote awareness about PCV2/PMWS, participants' most preferred sources of information were seminars, extension services (especially by veterinary and agricultural extension officers), social media (WhatsApp and YouTube), and mobile telephone (through calls or text messages). Conclusions: The present study showed a gap in the level of farmers' awareness about PCV2/ PMWS, and to bridge the gap, more scientific-based evidence is needed to promote targeted educational programs and policy formulations. Also, with the dearth of information about PCV2, it is necessary to determine its prevalence and the characteristics of the virus possibly circulating within the swine herds in Nigeria. [J Adv Vet Anim Res 2022; 9(2.000): 203-210]
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