In the article the results of research of sowing properties - emergence rate and laboratory germinating capacity seeds summer rape are resulted depending on variants of fertilizers and terms of harvesting.

The influence of different conditions of conservation to sprout and germinating power of seed varieties of wheat under conditions of conservation are expounded in the article.

Sowing dates and response to them of newly registered and perspective varieties of winter wheat were studied. Reasons provided for changing sowing dates to the later.

Revealed main point of formation the matrix differences of lettuce seeds characteristics (Lactuca sativa L.), its correlation with other categories of heterogeneity. It’s been shown the ways of decreasing of the matrix differences of lettuce seeds characteristics with the aim to increase sowing quality of seeds.