Уточнить поиск
Результаты 1-10 из 44
137Cs baseline levels in the Mediterranean and Black Sea: A cross-basin survey of the CIESM Mediterranean Mussel Watch programme
2008
Thébault, H. | Baena, A.M., | Andral, B. | Barisic, D. | Albaladejo, J.B. | Bologa, A.S. | Boudjenoun, R. | Delfanti, R. | Egorov, V.N. | El Khoukhi, T. | Florou, H. | Kniewald, G. | Noureddine, A. | Patrascu, V. | Pham, M.K. | Scarpato, A. | Stokozov, N.A. | Topcuoglu, S. | Warnau, M.
The common mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis was selected as unique biomonitor species to implement a regional monitoring programme, the CIESM Mediterranean Mussel Watch (MMW), in the Mediterranean and Black Seas. As of today, and upon standardization of the methodological approach, the MMW Network has been able to quantify 137Cs levels in mussels from 60 coastal stations and to produce the first distribution map of this artificial radionuclide at the scale of the entire Mediterranean and Black Seas. While measured 137Cs levels were found to be very low (usually <1 Bq kg-1 wet wt) 137Cs activity concentrations in the Black Sea and North Aegean Sea were up to two orders of magnitude higher than those in the western Mediterranean Basin. Such effects, far from representing a threat to human populations or the environment, reflect a persistent signature of the Chernobyl fallout in this area. © 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Показать больше [+] Меньше [-]Kinetic extractions to assess mobilization of Zn, Pb, Cu, and Cd in a metal-contaminated soil: EDTA vs. citrate.
2008
Labanowski , Jérome (INRA , Versailles (France). UR 0251 Physico-chimie et Ecotoxicologie des Sols d'agrosystèmes contaminés) | Monna , Fabrice (Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Dijon(France). Univ. de Bourgogne Centre des Sciences de la Terre) | Bermond , Alain (INRA , Thiverval-Grignon (France). UMR 1091 Environnement et Grandes Cultures) | Cambier , Philippe (INRA , Versailles (France). UR 0251 Physico-chimie et Ecotoxicologie des Sols d'agrosystèmes contaminés) | Fernandez , Christelle (INRA , Versailles (France). UR 0251 Physico-chimie et Ecotoxicologie des Sols d'agrosystèmes contaminés) | Lamy , Isabelle (INRA , Versailles (France). UR 0251 Physico-chimie et Ecotoxicologie des Sols d'agrosystèmes contaminés) | Van Oort , Folkert (INRA , Versailles (France). UR 0251 Physico-chimie et Ecotoxicologie des Sols d'agrosystèmes contaminés)
Kinetic EDTA and citrate extractions were used to mimic metal mobilization in a soil contaminated by metallurgical fallout. Modeling of metal removal rates vs. time distinguished two metal pools: readily labile (QM1) and less labile (QM2). In citrate extractions, total extractability (QM1 + QM2) of Zn and Cd was proportionally higher than for Pb and Cu. Proportions of Pb and Cu extracted with EDTA were three times higher than when using citrate. We observed similar QM1/QM2 ratios for Zn and Cu regardless of the extractant, suggesting comparable binding energies to soil constituents. However, for Pb and Cd, more heterogeneous binding energies were hypothesized to explain different kinetic extraction behaviors. Proportions of citrate-labile metals were found consistent with their short-term, in-situ mobility assessed in the studied soil, i.e., metal amount released in the soil solution or extracted by cultivated plants. Kinetic EDTA extractions were hypothesized to be more predictive for long-term metal migration with depth.
Показать больше [+] Меньше [-]Anthropogenic lead distribution in soils under arable land and permanent grassland estimated by Pb isotopic compositions
2008
Fernandez , Christelle (INRA , Versailles (France). UR 0251 Physico-chimie et Ecotoxicologie des Sols d'agrosystèmes contaminés) | Monna , Fabrice (Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Dijon(France). Centre des Sciences de la Terre) | Labanowski , Jérome (INRA , Versailles (France). UR 0251 Physico-chimie et Ecotoxicologie des Sols d'agrosystèmes contaminés) | Loubet , Michel (Université Toulouse 3, Toulouse(France). Laboratoire de Géochimie) | Van Oort , Folkert (INRA , Versailles (France). UR 0251 Physico-chimie et Ecotoxicologie des Sols d'agrosystèmes contaminés)
The role of land use on fate of metals in soils is poorly understood. In this work, we studied the incorporation of lead in two neighboring soils with comparable pedogenesis but under long-term different agricultural management. Distributions of anthropogenic Pb were assessed from concentrations and isotopic compositions determined on bulk horizon samples, systematical 5–10 cm increment samples, and on 24-h EDTA extracts. Minor amounts of anthropogenic lead were detected until 1-m depth under permanent grassland, linked to high earthworm activity. In arable land, exogenous Pb predominantly accumulated at depths <60 cm. Although the proximity between the two sites ensured comparable exposition regarding atmospheric Pb deposition, the isotopic compositions clearly showed the influence of an unidentified component for the cultivated soil. This work highlights the need for exhaustive information on historical human activities in such anthropized agrosystems when fate of metal pollution is considered.
Показать больше [+] Меньше [-]Thermodynamics and kinetic processes at coal interface for CO2 geological storage
2008
Charriere, Delphine | Pokryszka, Zbigniew | Behra, Philippe
Currently, the geological storage of CO2 is heavily studied around the world in order to limit global warming due to the greenhouse effect. The atmospheric CO2, which has been steadily increasing for more than a century, is assumed to be in a large part responsible of this warming. Nowadays, various options have been considering to store CO2 in an underground environment for periods covering several centuries. Among the options, one is to inject it in unexploited coal seams. The objective of our work is to characterise the interactions between CO2 ans coal interfaces from two French coal seams. This will contribute to identify the most adapted coal basin which could be used for storing CO2 in France.
Показать больше [+] Меньше [-]137Cs baseline levels in the Mediterranean and Black Sea: A cross-basin survey of the CIESM Mediterranean Mussel Watch programme
2008
Thébault, H. | Baena, A.M., Rodriguez y | Andral, B. | Barisic, D. | Albaladejo, J.B. | Bologa, A.S. | Boudjenoun, R. | Delfanti, R. | Egorov, V.N. | El Khoukhi, T. | Florou, H. | Kniewald, G. | Noureddine, A. | Patrascu, V. | Pham, M.K. | Scarpato, A. | Stokozov, N.A. | Topcuoglu, S. | Warnau, M. | Laboratoire d'étude radioécologique du milieu continental et marin (IRSN/DEI/SESURE/LERCM) ; Service d'étude et de surveillance de la radioactivité dans l'environnement (IRSN/DEI/SESURE) ; Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN)-Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN) | Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER) | Center for Marine and Environmental Research ; Rudjer Boskovic Institute [Zagreb] | Instituto Español de Oceanografía - Spanish Institute of Oceanography (IEO) ; Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas [España] = Spanish National Research Council [Spain] (CSIC) | National Institute for Marine Research and Development "Grigore Antipa" (NIMRD) | Agenzia Nazionale per le nuove Tecnologie, l’energia e lo sviluppo economico sostenibile = Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development (ENEA) | NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UKRAINE KHARKOV UKR ; Partenaires IRSTEA ; Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA) | Centre National de l'Énergie, des Sciences et des Techniques Nucléaires = National Center for Energy, Science and Nuclear Techniques (CNESTEN) | National Center for Scientific Research "Demokritos" (NCSR) | Marine Environment Laboratories [Monaco] (IAEA-MEL) ; International Atomic Energy Agency [Vienna] (IAEA) | I.C.R.A.M. - Central Institute for Applied Marine Research ; I.C.R.A.M. - Central Institute for Applied Marine Research
International audience | The common mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis was selected as unique biomonitor species to implement a regional monitoring programme, the CIESM Mediterranean Mussel Watch (MMW), in the Mediterranean and Black Seas. As of today, and upon standardization of the methodological approach, the MMW Network has been able to quantify 137Cs levels in mussels from 60 coastal stations and to produce the first distribution map of this artificial radionuclide at the scale of the entire Mediterranean and Black Seas. While measured 137Cs levels were found to be very low (usually <1 Bq kg-1 wet wt) 137Cs activity concentrations in the Black Sea and North Aegean Sea were up to two orders of magnitude higher than those in the western Mediterranean Basin. Such effects, far from representing a threat to human populations or the environment, reflect a persistent signature of the Chernobyl fallout in this area. © 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Показать больше [+] Меньше [-]Thermodynamics and kinetic processes at coal interface for CO2 geological storage
2008
Charriere, Delphine | Pokryszka, Zbigniew | Behra, Philippe | Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques (INERIS) | Chimie Agro-Industrielle (CAI) ; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Ecole nationale supérieure des ingénieurs en arts chimiques et technologiques (ENSIACET) ; Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP) ; Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP) ; Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)
Currently, the geological storage of CO2 is heavily studied around the world in order to limit global warming due to the greenhouse effect. The atmospheric CO2, which has been steadily increasing for more than a century, is assumed to be in a large part responsible of this warming. Nowadays, various options have been considering to store CO2 in an underground environment for periods covering several centuries. Among the options, one is to inject it in unexploited coal seams. The objective of our work is to characterise the interactions between CO2 ans coal interfaces from two French coal seams. This will contribute to identify the most adapted coal basin which could be used for storing CO2 in France.
Показать больше [+] Меньше [-]Neurobehavioural toxicity of a chronic exposure to the airborne polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon fluorene in adult wistar male rats: a preliminary study about the effects of a 28 day administration using the intraperitoneal or the oral way
2008
Rychen, Guido | Schroeder, Henri
Brain and behaviour toxicity of airborn pollutants
2008
Schroeder, Henri
Long term survey of heavy metal pollution, biofilm contamination and diatom community structure in the Riou-Mort watershed, South West France | Pollution des eaux par les métaux lourds, contamination du biofilm et effets sur la structure des communautés de diatomées : Suivi long terme du bassin versant du Riou-Mort, SO France
2008
Morin, Soizic | Duong, T.T. | Dabrin, A. | Coynel, A. | Herlory, O. | Baudrimont, M. | Delmas, François | Durrieu, G. | Schäfer, J. | Winterton, P. | Blanc, G. | Coste, Michel | Réseaux épuration et qualité des eaux (UR REBX) ; Centre national du machinisme agricole, du génie rural, des eaux et forêts (CEMAGREF) | Environnements et Paléoenvironnements OCéaniques (EPOC) ; Observatoire aquitain des sciences de l'univers (OASU) ; Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE) ; Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) | Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3) ; Université de Toulouse (UT)
[Departement_IRSTEA]MA [TR1_IRSTEA]QSA / DYNAQ | International audience | In a metal-polluted stream in the Riou Mort watershed in SW France, periphytic biofilm was analyzed for diatom cell densities and taxonomic composition, dry weight and metal bio-accumulation (cadmium and zinc). Periphytic diatom communities were affected by the metal but displayed induced tolerance, seen through structural impact (dominance of small, adnate species) as well as morphological abnormalities particularly in the genera Ulnaria and Fragilaria. Species assemblages were characterized by taxa known to occur in metal-polluted environments, and shifts in the community structure expressed seasonal patterns: high numbers of Eolimna minima, Nitzschia palea and Pinnularia parvulissima were recorded in Summer and Autumn, whereas the species Surirella brebissonii, Achnanthidium minutissimum, Navicula lanceolata and Surirella angusta were dominant in Winter and Spring. Commonly used indices such as the Shannon diversity index and Specific Pollution Sensitivity Index reflected the level of pollution and suggest seasonal periodicity, the lowest diversities being observed in Summer.
Показать больше [+] Меньше [-]Effect of vegetation type on throughfall deposition and seepage flux.
2008
de Schrijver, A. | Staelens, J. | Wuyts, K. | van Hoydonck, G. | Janssen, N. | Mertens, J. | Gielis, L. | Geudens, G. | Augusto, Laurent | Verheyen, Kris | Laboratory of Forestry ; Universiteit Gent = Ghent University (UGENT) | Haskoning Belgium BVBA ; Partenaires INRAE | Natuurpunt | Transfert Sol-Plante et Cycle des Eléments Minéraux dans les Ecosystèmes Cultivés (TCEM) ; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-École Nationale d'Ingénieurs des Travaux Agricoles - Bordeaux (ENITAB)
International audience | This paper compares different vegetation types (coniferous and deciduous forest, grassed and pure heathland) in terms of input (throughfall deposition) and output (seepage flux) in a region with intermediate nitrogen load (+/-20 kg N ha(-1) y(-1) via bulk precipitation) in comparable conditions in north Belgium. Coniferous forest (two plots Pinus sylvestris and two plots Pinus nigra) received significantly higher nitrogen and sulphur throughfall deposition than deciduous forest and heathland. Grassed and pure heathland had significantly highest throughfall quantities of Ca2+ and Mg2+, respectively. The observed differences in throughfall deposition between the different vegetation types were not univocally reflected in the ion seepage flux. Considerable seepage fluxes of NO3-, SO42-, Ca2+ and Al(III) were only found under the P. nigra plots. We discuss our hypothesis that the P. nigra forests already evolved to a situation of N saturation, while the other vegetation types did not. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Показать больше [+] Меньше [-]