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Direct and Indirect Effects and the Long-term Risks of Air Pollution on Forest Ecosystems: Effects on Soil Micro-organisms
1993
Innes, J.L. (Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research, Birmensdorf (Switzerland))
The soil biota plays a critical part in the functioning of forest ecosystems. Acidification and heavy metals have the greatest direct effects on the soil biota. However pollutants can have indirect effects through their influence on tree root systems. Acidic deposition can decrease the incidence of mycorrhizal infection, but soil pH and concentration of nitrogen and certain forms of sulphur are also important.
Показать больше [+] Меньше [-]Direct and indirect effects and the long term risks of air pollution on forest ecosystems: effects and risks on ectomycorrhizae
1993
Brunner, I. (Swiss Federal Institute for Forest Snow and Landscape Research, Birmensdorf (Switzerland))
Two main effects on ectomycorrhizae can be distinguished: direct effects due to a change in the soil chemistry and indirect effects due to a change of the carbohydrate supply from the host trees to the roots.
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