Уточнить поиск
Результаты 1-4 из 4
Copper accumulation in five weed species commonly found in the understory vegetation of Mediterranean vineyards
2023
Mattiello, Alessandro | Novello, Nicola | Cornu, Jean-Yves | Babst-Kostecka, Alicja | Pošćić, Filip | Università degli Studi di Udine - University of Udine [Italie] | Central Queensland University (CQU) | Interactions Sol Plante Atmosphère (UMR ISPA) ; Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Agronomiques de Bordeaux-Aquitaine (Bordeaux Sciences Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE) | University of Arizona
International audience | Copper (Cu) concentration in agricultural soils often exceeds toxicological limits due to application of Cu-based fungicides. The potential of weeds for their use as functional cover plants in vineyard management and phytoremediation practices is little explored. We identified five weed species widely present in vineyards and assessed their Cu accumulation from eleven Mediterranean vineyards (soil Cu: 60-327 mu g g(-1)) and two adjacent control sites (soil Cu: 15-30 mu g g(-1)). Soils and plants were characterized by their physico-chemical properties and nutrient content. We applied multivariate techniques to analyze relationships between soil properties and leaf nutrient composition. Copper tolerance and accumulation traits were further tested in hydroponics using a series of CuSO4 concentrations (0.1-16 mu M).Under field conditions, the highest Cu concentration in both roots and leaves were found in Lolium perenne (221 and 461 mu g g(-1), respectively), followed by Plantago lanceolata, Rumex obtusifolius and Taraxacum officinale (>100 mu g g(-1) Cu in leaves). Only one species, Trifolium repens, did not accumulate remarkable Cu concentrations. Overall, and as revealed by the multivariate analyses, leaf Cu concentration was driven by soil Cu content, soil texture, organic matter, nitrogen, and Cu uptake into roots. However, functional regression analysis and controlled experiments suggested that Cu might be additionally absorbed from the deposits on the leaf surface related to the Cu-fungicide treatments and soil dust. Our study highlights the importance of intra-specific variability in Cu accumulation among weed species in Cu-contaminated agricultural soils. Further validation of these findings under controlled conditions could provide essential insights for optimizing management and remediation strategies.
Показать больше [+] Меньше [-]Direct and indirect impact of sewage sludge compost spreading on Quercus coccifera monoterpene emissions in a Mediterranean shrubland
2011
Olivier, Romain | Staudt, Michael | Lavoir, Anne-Violette | Ormeño, Elena | Rizvi, Syed Hussain | Baldy, Virginie | Rivoal, Annabelle | Greff, Stephane | Lecareux, Caroline | Fernandez, Catherine | Institut Méditerranéen d'Ecologie et de Paléoécologie (IMEP) ; Université Paul Cézanne - Aix-Marseille 3-Université de Provence - Aix-Marseille 1-Avignon Université (AU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) | Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE) ; Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE) ; Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)
International audience | Compost spreading in Mediterranean shrublands has no strong short-term effect on Q. coccifera monoterpene emissions at leaf level. a b s t r a c t Monoterpene emissions of Quercus coccifera L. were repeatedly measured during the two years following the spreading of a sewage sludge compost at rates of 50 Mg ha À1 and 100 Mg ha À1 , in a twelve-year-old post-fire Mediterranean shrubland. We also monitored the patterns of change in soil and leaf nutrient content, plant water potential, chlorophyll fluorescence, and plant growth. Compost spreading resulted in weak changes in leaf nutrient content and plant water status, and therefore no significant effect on monoterpene emissions at leaf scale, except during one summer sampling, probably related to advanced leaf maturity with the highest compost rate. However, compost increased plant growth, particularly the leaf biomass. The results suggest that compost spreading in Mediterranean shrublands has no strong short-term effect on Q. coccifera monoterpene emissions at leaf level, but may indirectly increase volatile organic compound fluxes at the stand scale, which may contribute to regional ozone pollution.
Показать больше [+] Меньше [-]Assessment of sediment concentration and nutrient loads in effluents drained from extensively managed fishponds in France
2008
Banas, Damien | Masson, Gérard | Leglize, L. | Usseglio-Polatera, Philippe | Boyd, C.E. | Unité de Recherches Animal et Fonctionnalités des Produits Animaux (URAFPA) ; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Lorraine (UL) | Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11) | Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) | AgroParisTech | Université Paul Verlaine - Metz (UPVM) | Auburn University (AU)
International audience | Expansion of aquaculture has increased concern over its environmental impact. The composition of effluents from intensive aquaculture is well documented, but few data on extensive aquaculture are available. During 12 draining operations, 523 water samples were collected downstream from six extensively-managed fishponds in northeastern France. Study ponds had surface areas of 2–620 ha and were managed for production of Cyprinids and Percids. Concentrations of total suspended solids, total phosphorus, and Kjeldahl nitrogen in effluents from the ponds were greatest during the final stage of draining. Loads of phosphorus were higher than those reported for effluents of more intensive aquaculture ponds in the USA, but the source of the potential pollutants was catchments and sediment rather than feeds and fertilizer. It will be necessary to reduce the water drawdown rate during the fishing stage and possibly implement other best management practices to prevent the TSS concentration from exceeding 1 g/L. Effluent phosphorus loads were higher than those reported for more intensive aquaculture ponds, but the pollutant source was catchments rather than feeds and fertilizers.
Показать больше [+] Меньше [-]Thin-layer fine-sand capping of polluted sediments decreases nutrients in overlying water of Wuhan Donghu Lake in China
2020
Jiao, Yang | Xu, Lei | Li, Qingman | Gu, Sen | Institute of Hydrobiology [Wuhan] ; Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS) | University of Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (UCAS) | Géosciences Rennes (GR) ; Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR) ; Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) | 41877397, National Natural Science Foundation of China | 2017ZX07603-003, Major Science and Technology Program for Water Pollution Control and Treatment
International audience | Capping water body sediments with a thin layer of sand is an effective technique to decrease nutrient concentrations in the water column and accelerate ecological restoration of eutrophic water bodies. However, long-term effects of thin-layer sand capping in shallow lakes are reported less often. Using clean fine sand and geotextile mats as capping materials for sediments collected from Wuhan Donghu Lake in China, we designed a 290-day tank experiment with 3 cm of sand capping at four percentages of sediment coverage from 25 to 100% and a control (no capping). We monitored total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), nitrate (NO3-), ammonia (NH4+), and soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP) in the overlying water every 7 days. Mean TN and NO3- concentrations were significantly the lowest (P < 0.05) at 50% coverage. Further increase in coverage kept them slightly fluctuating. NH4+ concentration was significantly lowest (P < 0.05) at 75% coverage. The relation between coverage and mean TP and SRP concentrations indicated that 75% coverage significantly decreased (P < 0.05) them, and increasing coverage to 100% decreased them even more. The fluxes of TN and TP estimated between sediments and overlying water showed that the thin fine-sand layer significantly increased the function of sediments as a sink of TN from overlying water and the potential of a sand layer to block release of TP from sediments (P < 0.05). Our results suggested that if thin-layer sand capping were applied to Wuhan Donghu Lake, more than 50% coverage is required to decrease nutrients in the lake's water.
Показать больше [+] Меньше [-]