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New critical levels for ozone effects on young trees based on AOT 40 and simulated leaf uptake of ozone
2004
Karlsson, Pererik | Uddling, Johan | Braun, Sabine | Broadmeadow, Mark | Elvira, Susana | Gimeno, Benjamin | Le Thiec, Didier, | Oksanen, Elina | Vandermeiren, Karine | Wilkinson, Matthew | Emberson, Lisa
Carbon isotope composition, macronutrient concentrations, and carboxylating enzymes in relation to the growth of Pinus halepensis mill. when subject to ozone stress
2010
Inclan , Rosa (Ecotoxicology of Air Pollution, Madrid(Espagne).) | Gimeno , Benjamin S. (Ecotoxicology of Air Pollution, Madrid(Espagne).) | Peñuelas , Josep (Universitat Autónoma de Barcelona, Barcelone(Espagne).) | Gerant , Dominique (INRA , Champenoux (France). UMR 1137 Ecologie et Ecophysiologie Forestières) | Querido , Alberto (Ecotoxicology of Air Pollution, Madrid(Espagne).)
We present here the effects of ambient ozone (O3)-induced decline in carbon availability, accelerated foliar senescence, and a decrease in aboveground biomass accumulation in the Aleppo pine (Pinus halepensis Mill.). Aleppo pine seedlings were continuously exposed in open-top chambers for 39 months to three different types of O3 treatments, which are as follows: charcoal-filtered air, nonfiltered air (NFA), and nonfiltered air supplemented with 40 ppb O3 (NFA+). Stable carbon isotope discrimination (Δ) and derived time-integrated ci/ca ratios were reduced after an accumulated ozone exposure over a threshold of 40 ppb (AOT40) value from April to September of around 20,000 ppb·h. An AOT40 of above 67,000 ppb·h induced reductions in ribulose-1, 5-biphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase activity, aboveground C and needle N and K concentrations, the C/N ratio, Ca concentrations in twigs under 3 mm, and the aerial biomass, as well as increases in needle P concentrations and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPC) activity and the N and K concentrations in twigs under 3 mm. Macronutrients losses, the limitations placed on carbon uptake, and increases in catabolic processes may be the causes of carbon gain diminution in leaves which was reflected as a reduction in aboveground biomass at tree level. Stimulation of PEPC activity, the consequent decreased Δ, and compensation processes in nutrient distribution may increase O3 tolerance and might be interpreted as part of Aleppo pine acclimation response to O3.
Показать больше [+] Меньше [-]New critical levels for ozone effects on young trees based on AOT 40 and simulated leaf uptake of ozone
2004
Karlsson, Pererik | Uddling, Johan | Braun, Sabine | Broadmeadow, Mark | Elvira, Susana | Gimeno, Benjamin | Le Thiec, Didier | Oksanen, Elina | Vandermeiren, Karine | Wilkinson, Matthew | Emberson, Lisa | Swedish Environmental Research Institute (IVL) | Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences ; Göteborgs Universitet = University of Gothenburg (GU) | Institute for Applied Plant Biology ; Partenaires INRAE | Forest Research [Great Britain] | Ecotoxicidad de la Contaminacion Atmosferica ; Partenaires INRAE | Ecologie et Ecophysiologie Forestières [devient SILVA en 2018] (EEF) ; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Lorraine (UL) | University of Joensuu | Sciensano [Bruxelles] ; Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP) | Stockholm Environment Institute at York (SEI-YORK) ; University of York [York, UK]
International audience
Показать больше [+] Меньше [-]Altered stomatal dynamics of two Euramerican poplar genotypes submitted to successive ozone exposure and water deficit
2019
Dusart, Nicolas | Vaultier, Marie-Noëlle | Olry, Jean-Charles | Buré, Cyril | Gérard, Joëlle | Jolivet, Yves | Le Thiec, Didier | SILVA (SILVA) ; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech-Université de Lorraine (UL) | ANR-12-LABXARBRE-01
The impact of ozone (O3) pollution events on the plant drought response needs special attention because spring O3 episodes are often followed by summer drought. By causing stomatal sluggishness, O3 could affect the stomatal dynamic during a subsequent drought event. In this context, we studied the impact of O3 exposure and water deficit (in the presence or in the absence of O3 episode) on the stomatal closure/opening mechanisms relative to irradiance or vapour pressure deficit (VPD) variation. Two genotypes of Populus nigra x deltoides were exposed to various treatments for 21 days. Saplings were exposed to 80 ppb/day O3 for 13 days, and then to moderate drought for 7 days. The curves of the stomatal response to irradiance and VPD changes were determined after 13 days of O3 exposure, and after 21 days in the case of subsequent water deficit, and then fitted using a sigmoidal model. The main responses under O3 exposure were stomatal closure and sluggishness, but the two genotypes showed contrasting responses. During stomatal closure induced by a change in irradiance, closure was slower for both genotypes. Nonetheless, the genotypes differed in stomatal opening under light. Carpaccio stomata opened more slowly than control stomata, whereas Robusta stomata tended to open faster. These effects could be of particular interest, as stomatal impairment was still present after O3 exposure and could result from imperfect recovery. Under water deficit alone, we observed slower stomatal closure in response to VPD and irradiance, but faster stomatal opening in response to irradiance, more marked in Carpaccio. Under the combined treatment, most of the parameters showed antagonistic responses. Our results highlight that it is important to take genotype-specific responses and interactive stress cross-talk into account to improve the prediction of stomatal conductance in response to various environmental modifications.
Показать больше [+] Меньше [-]Updated stomatal flux and flux-effect models for wheat for quantifying effects of ozone on grain yield, grain mass and protein yield
2012
Grünhage, Ludger, L. | Pleijel, Hakan, H. | Mills, Gina, G. | Bender, Jürgen, J. | Danielsson, Helena, H. | Lehmann, Yvonne, Y. | Castell, Jean-François, J.-F. | Bethenod, Olivier, O. | Department of Plant Ecology ; Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen = Justus Liebig University (JLU) | Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences ; Göteborgs Universitet = University of Gothenburg (GU) | Centre for Ecology and Hydrology [Bangor] (CEH) ; Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) | Institute of Biodiversity ; Johann Heinrich von Thünen-Institut = Thünen Institute | Environnement et Grandes Cultures (EGC) ; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech | Swedish Environment Protection Agency; Defra [AQ0810, AQ0816, AQ0601]; LRTAP Convention; NERC; French National Research Agency, ANR
Field measurements and open-top chamber experiments using nine current European winter wheat cultivars provided a data set that was used to revise and improve the parameterisation of a stomatal conductance model for wheat, including a revised value for maximum stomatal conductance and new functions for phenology and soil moisture. For the calculation of stomatal conductance for ozone a diffusivity ratio between O(3) and H(2)O in air of 0.663 was applied, based on a critical review of the literature. By applying the improved parameterisation for stomatal conductance, new flux-effect relationships for grain yield, grain mass and protein yield were developed for use in ozone risk assessments including effects on food security. An example of application of the flux model at the local scale in Germany shows that negative effects of ozone on wheat grain yield were likely each year and on protein yield in most years since the mid 1980s.
Показать больше [+] Меньше [-]Effects of elevated ozone concentration and nitrogen addition on ammonia stomatal compensation point in a poplar clone
2018
Xu, Wen | Shang, Bo | Xu, Yansen | Yuan, Xiangyang | Dore, Anthony J. | Zhao, Yuanhong | Massad, Raia Silvia | Feng, Zhaozhong | State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences ; Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS) | College of Resources and Environment ; Shanxi Agricultural University [Jinzhong] | Bush Estate, Penicuik, Midlothian, EH26 0QB ; Centre for Ecology and Hydrology | Laboratory for Climate and Ocean-Atmosphere Sciences [Peking] ; Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences [Peking] ; Peking University [Beijing]-Peking University [Beijing] | Ecologie fonctionnelle et écotoxicologie des agroécosystèmes (ECOSYS) ; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech | Université Paris-Saclay
The stomatal compensation point of ammonia (χs) is a key factor controlling plant-atmosphere NH3 exchange, which is dependent on the nitrogen (N) supply and varies among plant species. However, knowledge gaps remain concerning the effects of elevated atmospheric N deposition and ozone (O3) on χs for forest species, resulting in large uncertainties in the parameterizations of NH3 incorporated into atmospheric chemistry and transport models (CTMs). Here, we present leaf-scale measurements of χs for hybrid poplar clone ‘546’ (Populusdeltoides cv. 55/56 x P. deltoides cv. Imperial) growing in two N treatments (N0, no N added; N50, 50 kg N ha−1 yr−1 urea fertilizer added) and two O3 treatments (CF, charcoal-filtered air; E-O3, non-filtered air plus 40 ppb) for 105 days. Our results showed that χs was significantly reduced by E-O3 (41%) and elevated N (19%). The interaction of N and O3 was significant, and N can mitigate the negative effects of O3 on χs. Elevated O3 significantly reduced the light-saturated photosynthetic rate (Asat) and chlorophyll (Chl) content and significantly increased intercellular CO2 concentrations (Ci), but had no significant effect on stomatal conductance (gs). By contrast, elevated N did not significantly affect all measured photosynthetic parameters. Overall, χs was significantly and positively correlated with Asat, gs and Chl, whereas a significant and negative relationship was observed between χs and Ci. Our results suggest that O3-induced changes in Asat, Ci and Chl may affect χs. Our findings provide a scientific basis for optimizing parameterizations of χs in CTMs in response to environmental change factors (i.e., elevated N deposition and/or O3) in the future.
Показать больше [+] Меньше [-]Updated stomatal flux and flux-effect models for wheat for quantifying effects of ozone on grain yield, grain mass and protein yield
2012
Grünhage, Ludger, L. | Pleijel, Hakan, H. | Mills, Gina, G. | Bender, Jürgen, J. | Danielsson, Helena, H. | Lehmann, Yvonne, Y. | Castell, Jean-François, J.-F. | Bethenod, Olivier, O. | Department of Plant Ecology ; Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen = Justus Liebig University (JLU) | Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences ; University of Gothenburg (GU) | Centre for Ecology and Hydrology [Bangor] (CEH) ; Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) | Institute of Biodiversity ; Johann Heinrich von Thünen-Institute | Environnement et Grandes Cultures (EGC) ; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech | Swedish Environment Protection Agency; Defra [AQ0810, AQ0816, AQ0601]; LRTAP Convention; NERC; French National Research Agency, ANR
Field measurements and open-top chamber experiments using nine current European winter wheat cultivars provided a data set that was used to revise and improve the parameterisation of a stomatal conductance model for wheat, including a revised value for maximum stomatal conductance and new functions for phenology and soil moisture. For the calculation of stomatal conductance for ozone a diffusivity ratio between O(3) and H(2)O in air of 0.663 was applied, based on a critical review of the literature. By applying the improved parameterisation for stomatal conductance, new flux-effect relationships for grain yield, grain mass and protein yield were developed for use in ozone risk assessments including effects on food security. An example of application of the flux model at the local scale in Germany shows that negative effects of ozone on wheat grain yield were likely each year and on protein yield in most years since the mid 1980s.
Показать больше [+] Меньше [-]High-resolution inventory of NO emissions from agricultural soils over the Ile-de-France region
2010
Rolland, Marie Noelle | Gabrielle, Benoit | Laville, Patricia | Cellier, Pierre | Beekmann, Matthias | Gilliot, Jean-Marc | Michelin, Joël | Hadjar, Dalila | Curci, G. | Environnement et Grandes Cultures (EGC) ; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech | Laboratoire Interuniversitaire des Systèmes Atmosphériques (LISA (UMR_7583)) ; Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) | Dipartimento di Fisica - CETEMPS ; Università degli Studi dell'Aquila = University of L'Aquila (UNIVAQ)
Arable soils are a significant source of nitric oxide (NO), a precursor of tropospheric ozone, and thereby contribute to ozone pollution. However, their actual impact on ozone formation is strongly related to their spatial and temporal emission patterns, which warrant high-resolution estimates. Here, we combined an agro-ecosystem model and geo-referenced databases to map these sources over the 12 000 km2 administrative region surrounding Paris, France, with a kilometric level resolution. The six most frequent arable crop species were simulated, with emission rates ranging from 1.4 kg N–NO ha-1 yr-1 to 11.1 kg N–NO ha-1 yr-1. The overall emission factor for fertilizer-derived NO emissions was 1.7%, while background emissions contributed half of the total NO efflux. Emissions were strongly seasonal, being highest in spring due to fertilizer inputs. They were mostly sensitive to soil type, crops' growing season and fertilizer N rates. The use of an agro-ecosystem model at regional scale makes it possible to map the emissions of nitric oxide from arable soils at a resolution compatible with tropospheric ozone models.
Показать больше [+] Меньше [-]Ozone risk assessment for plants: central role of metabolism-dependent changes in reducing power
2008
Dizengremel, Pierre, P. | Le Thiec, Didier | Bagard, Mathieu | Jolivet, Yves, Y. | Ecologie et Ecophysiologie Forestières [devient SILVA en 2018] (EEF) ; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Lorraine (UL)
International audience | The combination of stomatal-dependent ozone flux and total ascorbate level is currently presented as a correct indicator for determining the degree of sensitivity of plants to ozone. However, the large changes in carbon metabolism could play a central role in the strategy of the foliar cells in response to chronic ozone exposure, participating in the supply of reducing power and carbon skeletons for repair and detoxification, and modifying the stomatal mode of functioning. To reinforce the accuracy of the definition of the threshold for ozone risk assessment, it is proposed to also consider the redox pool (NAD(P)H), the ratio between carboxylases and the water use efficiency as indicators of the differential ozone tolerance of plants.
Показать больше [+] Меньше [-]Assessment of the impact of increasing concentrations of ozone on photosynthetic components of maize (Zea mays L.), a C4 plant
2006
Leitao, Louis | Dizengremel, Pierre, P. | Le Thiec, Didier | Biolley, Jean-Philippe | Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour (UPPA) | Ecologie et Ecophysiologie Forestières [devient SILVA en 2018] (EEF) ; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Lorraine (UL)
International audience
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