Activated carbon has been prepared from sewage sludge of the municipal wastewater treatment plant using chemical activation method. Porous structure of activated carbon was characterized by nitrogen adsorption and scanning electron microscopy. It was also characterized by its surface area and porosity. Its surface is an irregular and porous structure. Then it was used as an adsorbent for the removal of nickel ions from aqueous solution. The effects of parameters such as contact time and initial nickel ion concentration were investigated. The adsorption kinetics of nickel ions in aqueous solution onto activated carbon was investigated through experimental data. The results showed that the adsorption process was perfectly fitted to the pseudo-second order model with very high regression coefficient. It may be evaluated as an environmental friendly and extra economic treatment of nickel ions in aqueous solution.

It has been observed that water in the reservoirs has a trend towards eutrophication even under natural environment, while human activity makes the situation worse. Studies on eutrophication are mainly focused on nutritive salt control. It is an effective method to remove the nutrient substance by using attached algae | however, due to experimental limitations, the theoretical results from the lab study are commonly inapplicable to the natural environment. In this paper, based on a case study on the Hada reservoir, we have built a hydrodynamic-quality model that represents the current state of the reservoir. With the help of the model, we can verify the development of eutrophication of the reservoir and simulate the spatial-temporal evolvement, using Cladophora, to deal with eutrophication within a shallow water reservoir.

The authors propose to use the dried carbonate sludge of chemical water purification (CWP), Kazan CHP-1 as a sorbent of petroleum products. Oil capacity was assessed by its ratio to the most distributed TPS oil products in the wastewater: turbine oil, diesel fuel, gasoline, reduced fuel oil, and oil of the Shiiskoe deposit. The result of the studies show that, one of the disadvantages of the sludge as an oil product sorbent is its hydrophilicity. To obtain a hydrophobic sorbent as a slurry modifier, the GKZh-94M water repellent organic silicon liquid was used (136-157M, TU 6-02-691-76). To impart water-repellent properties to the sludge, its surface is hydrophobized. At hydrophobic treatment, the sorption capacity is increased 2.5-fold relative to the starting sludge. When using a hydrophobic finely dispersed sludge in dry bulk, a number of problems arise viz., there is a hydrophobic “plug”, and wall surface effect of the fluid flow occurs. It is possible to avoid these problems and to use the maximum sorption capacity of hydrophobic sludge in dry bulk filter by decreasing the bulk density, i.e. forming granules. Volumetric and surface hydrophobization of granules was investigated. Study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of purification of sorbents in the dynamic conditions, simulating the industrial adsorption filter. Purification efficiency was more than 98% and the concentration of petroleum products in the permeate was less than 0.1 mg/dm3. We investigated the physical and mechanical properties of local soils with the addition of waste sorbents. According to the results of the research, there is a beneficial effect of introducing a waste sorbent as a modifier in the fortified ground, consisting in the growth of frost resistance and tensile strength in bending.