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PAH occurrence in chalk river systems from the Jura region (France). Pertinence of suspended particulate matter and sediment as matrices for river quality monitoring Полный текст
2015
Chiffre, Axelle | Degiorgi, François | Morin-Crini, Nadia | Bolard, Audrey | Chanez, Etienne | Badot, Pierre-Marie | Laboratoire Chrono-environnement (UMR 6249) (LCE) ; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC) ; Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC) | Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) | Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)
International audience
Показать больше [+] Меньше [-]Effects of neonicotinoids and fipronil on non-target invertebrates Полный текст
2015
Pisa, L.W. | Amaral-Rogers, V. | Belzunces, Luc | Bonmatin, J-M. | Downs, C.A. | Goulson, D. | Kreutzweiser, D.P. | Krupke, C. | Liess, M. | Mcfield, M. | Morrissey, C.A. | Noome, D.A. | Settele, J. | Simon-Delso, N. | Stark, J. D. | van Der Sluijs, Jeroen P. | van Dyck, H. | Wiemers, M. | Universiteit Utrecht / Utrecht University [Utrecht] | Buglife | Abeilles et environnement (AE) ; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA) | Centre de biophysique moléculaire (CBM) ; Université d'Orléans (UO)-Université de Tours (UT)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut de Chimie - CNRS Chimie (INC-CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) | Haereticus Environmental Laboratory ; Partenaires INRAE | School of Life Sciences ; University of Sussex | Canadian Forest Service ; Natural Resources Canada (NRCan) | Department of Entomology ; Michigan State University [East Lansing] ; Michigan State University System-Michigan State University System | Helmholtz Zentrum für Umweltforschung = Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research (UFZ) | Smithsonian Institution | University of Saskatchewan [Saskatoon, Canada] (U of S) | Kijani, Kasungu national park ; Partenaires INRAE | Department of Community Ecology ; Helmholtz Zentrum für Umweltforschung = Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research (UFZ) | German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) | Centre Apicole de Recherche et Information ; Partenaires INRAE | Washington State University (WSU) | Centre for the Study of the Sciences and the Humanities (SVT) ; University of Bergen (UiB) | Université Catholique de Louvain = Catholic University of Louvain (UCL)
International audience | We assessed the state of knowledge regarding the effects of large-scale pollution with neonicotinoid insecticides and fipronil on non-target invertebrate species of terrestrial, freshwater and marine environments. A large section of the assessment is dedicated to the state of knowledge on sublethal effects on honeybees (<em>Apis mellifera</em>) because this important pollinator is the most studied non-target invertebrate species. Lepidoptera (butterflies and moths), Lumbricidae (earthworms), Apoidae sensu lato (bumblebees, solitary bees) and the section “other invertebrates” review available studies on the other terrestrial species. The sections on freshwater and marine species are rather short as little is known so far about the impact of neonicotinoid insecticides and fipronil on the diverse invertebrate fauna of these widely exposed habitats. For terrestrial and aquatic invertebrate species, the known effects of neonicotinoid pesticides and fipronil are described ranging from organismal toxicology and behavioural effects to population-level effects. For earthworms, freshwater and marine species, the relation of findings to regulatory risk assessment is described. Neonicotinoid insecticides exhibit very high toxicity to a wide range of invertebrates, particularly insects, and field-realistic exposure is likely to result in both lethal and a broad range of important sublethal impacts. There is a major knowledge gap regarding impacts on the grand majority of invertebrates, many of which perform essential roles enabling healthy ecosystem functioning. The data on the few non-target species on which field tests have been performed are limited by major flaws in the outdated test protocols. Despite large knowledge gaps and uncertainties, enough knowledge exists to conclude that existing levels of pollution with neonicotinoids and fipronil resulting from presently authorized uses frequently exceed the lowest observed adverse effect concentrations and are thus likely to have large-scale and wide ranging negative biological and ecological impacts on a wide range of non-target invertebrates in terrestrial, aquatic, marine and benthic habitats.
Показать больше [+] Меньше [-]Lab-scale experimental strategy for determining micropollutant partition coefficient and biodegradation constants in activated sludge | Méthodologie de détermination du coefficient de partition et des constantes de biodégradation de micropolluants en boues activées Полный текст
2015
Pomies, Maxime | Choubert, J.M. | Wisniewski, Christelle | Miege, Cecile | Budzinski, H. | Coquery, Marina | Milieux aquatiques, écologie et pollutions (UR MALY) ; Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA) | Démarche intégrée pour l'obtention d'aliments de qualité (UMR Qualisud) ; Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Avignon Université (AU)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro) | Environnements et Paléoenvironnements OCéaniques (EPOC) ; École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE) ; Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Lab-scale experimental strategy for determining micropollutant partition coefficient and biodegradation constants in activated sludge | Méthodologie de détermination du coefficient de partition et des constantes de biodégradation de micropolluants en boues activées Полный текст
2015
Pomies, Maxime | Choubert, J.M. | Wisniewski, Christelle | Miege, Cecile | Budzinski, H. | Coquery, Marina | Milieux aquatiques, écologie et pollutions (UR MALY) ; Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA) | Démarche intégrée pour l'obtention d'aliments de qualité (UMR Qualisud) ; Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Avignon Université (AU)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro) | Environnements et Paléoenvironnements OCéaniques (EPOC) ; École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE) ; Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
[Departement_IRSTEA]Ecotechnologies [TR1_IRSTEA]TED | International audience | The nitrifying/denitrifying activated sludge process removes several micropollutants from wastewater by sorption onto sludge and/or biodegradation. The objective of this paper is to propose and evaluate a lab-scale experimental strategy for the determination of partition coefficient and biodegradation constant for micropollutant with an objective of modelling their removal. Four pharmaceutical compounds (ibuprofen, atenolol, diclofenac and fluoxetine) covering a wide hydrophobicity range (log Kow from 0.16 to 4.51) were chosen. Dissolved and particulate concentrations were monitored for 4 days, inside two reactors working under aerobic and anoxic conditions, and under different substrate feed conditions (biodegradable carbon and nitrogen). We determined the mechanisms responsible for the removal of the target compounds: (i) ibuprofen was biodegraded, mainly under aerobic conditions by cometabolism with biodegradable carbon, whereas anoxic conditions suppressed biodegradation; (ii) atenolol was biodegraded under both aerobic and anoxic conditions (with a higher biodegradation rate under aerobic conditions), and cometabolism with biodegradable carbon was the main mechanism; (iii) diclofenac and fluoxetine were removed by sorption only. Finally, the abilities of our strategy were evaluated by testing the suitability of the parameters for simulating effluent concentrations and removal efficiency at a full-scale plant.
Показать больше [+] Меньше [-]Lab-scale experimental strategy for determining micropollutant partition coefficient and biodegradation constants in activated sludge Полный текст
2015
Pomiès, M. | Choubert, J. M. | Wisniewski, C. | Miège, C. | Budzinski, H. | Coquery, M.
The nitrifying/denitrifying activated sludge process removes several micropollutants from wastewater by sorption onto sludge and/or biodegradation. The objective of this paper is to propose and evaluate a lab-scale experimental strategy for the determination of partition coefficient and biodegradation constant for micropollutant with an objective of modelling their removal. Four pharmaceutical compounds (ibuprofen, atenolol, diclofenac and fluoxetine) covering a wide hydrophobicity range (log Kₒwfrom 0.16 to 4.51) were chosen. Dissolved and particulate concentrations were monitored for 4 days, inside two reactors working under aerobic and anoxic conditions, and under different substrate feed conditions (biodegradable carbon and nitrogen). We determined the mechanisms responsible for the removal of the target compounds: (i) ibuprofen was biodegraded, mainly under aerobic conditions by cometabolism with biodegradable carbon, whereas anoxic conditions suppressed biodegradation; (ii) atenolol was biodegraded under both aerobic and anoxic conditions (with a higher biodegradation rate under aerobic conditions), and cometabolism with biodegradable carbon was the main mechanism; (iii) diclofenac and fluoxetine were removed by sorption only. Finally, the abilities of our strategy were evaluated by testing the suitability of the parameters for simulating effluent concentrations and removal efficiency at a full-scale plant.
Показать больше [+] Меньше [-]Impact of clay mineral, wood sawdust or root organic matter on the bacterial and fungal community structures in two aged PAH-contaminated soils Полный текст
2015
Cébron, Aurélie | Beguiristain, Thierry | Bongoua-Devisme, Jeanne | Denonfoux, Jérémie | Faure, Pierre | Lorgeoux, Catherine | Ouvrard, Stéphanie | Parisot, Nicolas | Peyret, Pierre | Leyval, Corinne | Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire des Environnements Continentaux (LIEC) ; Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) | Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020]) | GeoRessources ; Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre de recherches sur la géologie des matières premières minérales et énergétiques (CREGU)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) | Laboratoire Sols et Environnement (LSE) ; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Lorraine (UL)
International audience | The high organic pollutant concentration of aged polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH)-contaminated wasteland soils is highly recalcitrant to biodegradation due to its very low bioavailability. In such soils, the microbial community is well adapted to the pollution, but the microbial activity is limited by nutrient availability. Management strategies could be applied to modify the soil microbial functioning as well as the PAH contamination through various amendment types. The impact of amendment with clay minerals (montmorillonite), wood sawdust and organic matter plant roots on microbial community structure was investigated on two aged PAH-contaminated soils both in laboratory and 1-year on-site pot experiments. Total PAH content (sum of 16 PAHs of the US-EPA list) and polar polycyclic aromatic compounds (pPAC) were monitored as well as the available PAH fraction using the Tenax method. The bacterial and fungal community structures were monitored using fingerprinting thermal gradient gel electrophoresis (TTGE) method. The abundance of bacteria (16S rRNA genes), fungi (18S rRNA genes) and PAH degraders (PAH-ring hydroxylating dioxygenase and catechol dioxygenase genes) was followed through qPCR assays. Although the treatments did not modify the total and available PAH content, the microbial community density, structure and the PAH degradation potential changed when fresh organic matter was provided as sawdust and under rhizosphere influence, while the clay mineral only increased the percentage of catechol-1,2-dioxygenase genes. The abundance of bacteria and fungi and the percentage of fungi relative to bacteria were enhanced in soil samples supplemented with wood sawdust and in the plant rhizospheric soils. Two distinct fungal populations developed in the two soils supplemented with sawdust, i.e. fungi related to Chaetomium and Neurospora genera and Brachyconidiellopsis and Pseudallescheria genera, in H and NM soils respectively. Wood sawdust amendment favoured the development of PAH-degrading bacteria holding Gram-negative PAH-ring hydroxylating dioxygenase, catechol-1,2-dioxygenase and catechol-2,3-dioxygenase genes. Regarding the total community structure, bacteria closely related to Thiobacillus (beta-Proteobacteria) and Steroidobacter (gamma-Proteobacteria) genera were favoured by wood sawdust amendment. In both soils, plant rhizospheres induced the development of fungi belonging to Ascomycota and related to Alternaria and Fusarium genera. Bacteria closely related to Luteolibacter (Verrucomicrobia) and Microbacterium (Actinobacteria) were favoured in alfalfa and ryegrass rhizosphere.
Показать больше [+] Меньше [-]Particulate Matter deposition on leaves across European urban environments: [i]Platanus[/i] sp. sampling campaign within COST Action FP1204 Полный текст
2015
Sgrigna, G. | Maghakyan, N. | Baldacchini, C. | Esposito, R. | Zivojnovic, I. | Breuste, J. | Velikova, V. | Horvat, P. | Christensen, L. | Le Thiec, Didier | Galina, C. | Grote, R. | Ninegal, T. | Rantzoudi, E. | Carriero, G. | Klamerus Iwan, A. | Gawronski, S. | Amorim, J. H. | Cantar Ilie, C. | Dinca, L. | Djunisijevic, D. | Anicic, M. | Sinjur, I. | Alonso Del Amo, R. | Cariñanos Gonzalez, P. | Bellan, P. | Kern, M. | Moretti, M. | Slingerland, L. | Calfapietra, Carlo | Samson, R.
Oxidative stress and brain mitochondria swelling induced by endosulfan and protective role of quercetin in rat Полный текст
2015
Lakroun, Zhoura | Kebieche, Mohamed | Lahouel, Asma | Zama, Djamila | Desor, Frederique | Soulimani, Rachid | Université frères Mentouri Constantine 1 (UMC) | Université Mohammed Seddik Benyahia [Jijel] | University of Jijel (UMSBJ) | Unité de Recherches Animal et Fonctionnalités des Produits Animaux (URAFPA) ; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Lorraine (UL)
International audience | The neurological damages resulted by endosulfan poisoning is not completely elucidated, especially in cellular organelles such as mitochondria. In the present study, the pro-oxidant effect of endosulfan on brain mitochondria was first investigated. Gavages of endosulfan into rats at the dose of 2 mg/kg induced oxidative stress in this organelle since it provokes a significant reduction of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione (GSH) level. In addition, a significant increase in mitochondria swelling and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were observed in neuronal mitochondria, indicating clearly an intense peroxidation within mitochondria. Second, the protective effect of quercetin (QE) (10 mg/kg) against endosulfan-induced oxidative stress in mitochondria was also assessed. Indeed, the pretreatment of rats with QE protects brain mitochondria from oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation, and mitochondria swelling induced by endosulfan. The activities of antioxidant enzymes and the mitochondrial content of GSH and MDA were returned to control values. Thus, although endosulfan can have neurotoxic effects in brain rats, this toxicity can be prevented by quercetin.
Показать больше [+] Меньше [-]Impact of manufactured TiO2 nanoparticles on planktonic and sessile bacterial communities Полный текст
2015
Jomini, Stéphane | Clivot, Hugues | Bauda, Pascale | Pagnout, Christophe
In the present study, we conducted a 2 week microcosm experiment with a natural freshwater bacterial community to assess the effects of titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2-NPs) at various concentrations (0, 1, 10 and 100 mg/L) on planktonic and sessile bacteria under dark conditions. Results showed an increase of planktonic bacterial abundance at the highest TiO2-NP concentration, concomitant with a decrease from that of sessile bacteria. Bacterial assemblages were most affected by the 100 mg/L TiO2-NP exposure and overall diversity was found to be lower for planktonic bacteria and higher for sessile bacteria at this concentration. In both compartments, a 100 mg/L TiO2-NPs exposure induced a decrease in the ratio between the Betaproteobacteria and Bacteroidetes. For planktonic communities, a decrease of Comamonadaceae was observed concomitant with an increase of Oxalobacteraceae and Cytophagaceae (especially Emticicia). For sessile communities, results showed a strong decrease of Betaproteobacteria and particularly of Comamonadaceae.
Показать больше [+] Меньше [-]Colocalization of low-methylesterified pectins and Pb deposits in the apoplast of aspen roots exposed to lead Полный текст
2015
Rabęda, Irena | Bilski, Henryk | Mellerowicz, Ewa J. | Napieralska, Anna | Suski, Szymon | Woźny, Adam | Krzesłowska, Magdalena
Low-methylesterified homogalacturonans have been suggested to play a role in the binding and immobilization of Pb in CW. Using root apices of hybrid aspen, a plant with a high phytoremediation potential, as a model, we demonstrated that the in situ distribution pattern of low-methylesterified homogalacturonan, pectin epitope (JIM5-P), reflects the pattern of Pb occurrence. The region which indicated high JIM5-P level corresponded with “Pb accumulation zone”. Moreover, JIM5-P was especially abundant in cell junctions, CWs lining the intercellular spaces and the corners of intercellular spaces indicating the highest accumulation of Pb. Furthermore, JIM5-P and Pb commonly co-localized.The observations indicate that low-methylesterified homogalacturonan is the CW polymer that determines the capacity of CW for Pb sequestration. Our results suggest a promising directions for CW modification for enhancing the efficiency of plant roots in Pb accumulation, an important aspect in the phytoremediation of soils contaminated with trace metals.
Показать больше [+] Меньше [-]Can we improve pollen season definitions by using the symptom load index in addition to pollen counts? Полный текст
2015
Bastl, Katharina | Kmenta, Maximilian | Geller-Bernstein, Carmi | Berger, Uwe | Jäger, Siegfried
Airborne pollen measurements are the foundation of aerobiological research and provide essential raw data for various disciplines. Pollen itself should be considered a relevant factor in air quality. Symptom data shed light on the relationship of pollen allergy and pollination. The aim of this study is to assess the spatial variation of local, regional and national symptom datasets. Ten pollen season definitions are used to calculate the symptom load index for the birch and grass pollen seasons (2013–2014) in Austria. (1) Local, (2) regional and (3) national symptom datasets are used to examine spatial variations and a consistent pattern was found. In conclusion, national datasets are suitable for first insights where no sufficient local or regional dataset is available and season definitions based on percentages provide a practical solution, as they can be applied in regions with different pollen loads and produce more constant results.
Показать больше [+] Меньше [-]The effects of lead sources on oral bioaccessibility in soil and implications for contaminated land risk management Полный текст
2015
Palmer, Sherry | McIlwaine, Rebekka | Ofterdinger, Ulrich | Cox, Siobhan F. | McKinley, Jennifer M. | Doherty, Rory | Wragg, J. (Joanna) | Cave, Mark
Lead (Pb) is a non-threshold toxin capable of inducing toxic effects at any blood level but availability of soil screening criteria for assessing potential health risks is limited. The oral bioaccessibility of Pb in 163 soil samples was attributed to sources through solubility estimation and domain identification. Samples were extracted following the Unified BARGE Method. Urban, mineralisation, peat and granite domains accounted for elevated Pb concentrations compared to rural samples. High Pb solubility explained moderate-high gastric (G) bioaccessible fractions throughout the study area. Higher maximum G concentrations were measured in urban (97.6 mg kg−1) and mineralisation (199.8 mg kg−1) domains. Higher average G concentrations occurred in mineralisation (36.4 mg kg−1) and granite (36.0 mg kg−1) domains. Findings suggest diffuse anthropogenic and widespread geogenic contamination could be capable of presenting health risks, having implications for land management decisions in jurisdictions where guidance advises these forms of pollution should not be regarded as contaminated land.
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