According to microbiological parameters, waters of both small rivers of eastern Backa, Serbia (Yugoslavia), are slightly and moderately polluted by organic matter at the most of the investigated localities in summer season. The satisfactory power of water selfpurification has been preserved in these aquatic ecosystems. In order to prevent further eutrophication processes, certain measures of river water protection and conservation should be undertaken, especially in stagnant parts of investigated waters. Also, the regular monitoring of water quality should be established.

In this paper, some data on long term seasonal investigation of hydrography and plankton are presented. The most important fact is that the whole area is exposed to the impact of the freshwater from numerous sources from the coast and submarine springs in Boka Kotorska Bay, as the impact of rivers Bojana and Drim. Exchange of the intermediate water-masses between Adriatic and Jonian basins is of great importance, too. So, basic ecological data, as well as characteristic phytoplankton and zooplankton groups and species are described.

Some new results of the monitoring and control of the sea-water quality along the Montenegrin coast of the Adriatic sea, Montenegro (Yugoslavia) are presented. The recent data from summer 1998 are compared with some previous results. So, increasing of temperature mean values and decreasing of salinity and sea-water density were found in comparison with the previous years in the whole investigated area. At the same time, the quality of the sea is growing worse, step by step. Faster changes were found in Boka Kotorska Bay, Montenegro (Yugoslavia) than outside of the bay, in the zone which is exposed to the stronger influence of the open sea. Finally, the most essential conclusion is that the solution of wastewater discharges becomes more and more important, especially in semienclosed Boka Kotorska Bay (Adriatic Sea, Montenegro, Yugoslavia).

Expert system (ES) is a software which unites mathematical models, empirical knowledge, expert evaluation, engineering intuition, heuristic rules and necessary informations which through the inference engine gives useful advise to the decision maker, to reach a correct and timely decision. The objectives of ES cover a wide range of tasks of protection of waters, out of which the following seem to be the most important: diagnostics, monitoring, estimation, interpretation, planning and design of systems, maintenance, trouble shooting, education, management.

The results of long standing and systematic monitoring of quality of river Danube's water, done by the net of stations for controllingquality of water of the Republic Hydrometeorological Service of Serbia (Yugoslavia) are given in this paper. The amount of organic matter (HPK, BPK5), concentration of dissolved oxygen, nutritive matters (NH4(+), NO2(-), NO3(-) and total PO4(3-) and conductivity are specially examined. The results are shown depending on seasonal measuring (average values for spring, summer, autumn and winter) during the period 1995-1998, and the changes are analyzed.

Removal of natural organic matter (NOM) from groundwater by aluminium sulphate and polyaluminium chloride (PACl) was investigated. The maximal decrease of UV absorbance at 254 nm was near 70%. Decrease of permanganate value about 50% was achieved by PACl coagulation. Similar effect can be achieved using 2.5 fold higher concentration of aluminium sulphate. Coagulation process at pH 5.5 was successful with 3-5 times less concentration of coagulant. The heterogenous composition of NOM in water had been changing by coagulation. The total trihalomethane formation potential is 50-60% lower in coagulated water. The greatest removal was success for chloroform precursors.

There was investigated potential erodibility of two small experimental watersheds, which belongs to the watershed of Topciderska river, Serbia (Yugoslavia), on the base of geological structure of the watershed area. The investigations of potential erodibility of watersheds were included the analysis of tectonical and every geological formation, as from viewpoint of its possible erodibility as well as of possible sediment type (load, suspended and mixed) which were originated in desintegration processes. The sediment type domination, which was produced from watershed, was confirmed from granulometric composition of sediment in experimental watersteams. The synthesis of results of this analyses is presented with map of potenatial source of sediments from experimental watersheds.

The main characteristics of catchment area of Boka Kotorska Bay (Adriatic sea, Montenegro, Yugoslavia), are high slope, carstic structure of ground, high precipitation (over 5000 mm a year) and high run-off of rain water. All rainwater is transported trough carstic ground structures quickly appearing in numerous sources along the sea cost or ones located on the bottom of the Bay. The large volume of freshwater which permanently empty into the Bay has the strong influence on the aquatic environment (salinity, temperature, transparency, etc.) and biota (abundance of the species) as it has been observed in the parts of Boka Kotorska Bay (i.e. Morinj and Risan Bays). The abundance and number of species are the good indicator of changes of aquatic environment and hydrological changes as well as of the capability of aquatic organisms to adapt quickly on the severe changes of conditions.

In April 1997 and 1998 investigations of algae, Rotatoria, Cladocera, Copepoda and Hydracarina were conducted. The investigated localities were 8 small water bodies at around 800 m a.s.l., at Mali Krs, in the surrounding of Bor, Serbia (Yugoslavia). The aim was to examine composition of these groups and to give the evaluation of the quality of water. Among algae, according to the number of taxons, the dominant group was Bacillariophyta (45), then Chlorophyta (17), Cyanophyta (3), Euglenophyta (4), Xanthophyta (1) and Pyrrophyta (1). Rotatoria were present with the highest number of taxons among microfauna. In these investigations 48 taxons were present. The highest number of taxons was among Cephalodella, Corurella, and Trichocerca. Among Cladocera 4 taxons were present, and among Copepoda 9 taxons, and all the present species were found in our previous investigations. Hydracarina were present with 3 species, also with high diversity. Around two thirds of all taxons are oligosaprobionts, which indicates to the good quality of the water.

The present paper cites results of studying phytoplankton in the Grosnica Water Reservoir, Serbia (Yugoslavia). Seasonal investigations during 1997 and 1998 enabled us to establish composition and structure of the phytoplankton community, quality of the lake's water, and its trophic status. During the period of investigation, the phytoplankton community was characterized by forms of Cyanophyta, Pyrrophyta, Chrysophyta, Bacillariophyta, Euglenophyta and Chlorophyta. Qualitative analysis indicated that algae of the divisions Bacillariophyta and Chlorophyta are dominant in the phytoplankton, while saprobiological analysis using bioindicatory algal species showed that water of the Grosnica Water Reservoir during the given period was of the 1st and 2nd quality class.