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Результаты 81-90 из 7,921
Reliability-based design and implementation of crow search algorithm for longitudinal dispersion coefficient estimation in rivers
2021
Ghaemi, Alireza | Zhian, Tahmineh | Pirzadeh, Bahareh | Hashemi Monfared, Seyedarman | Mosavi, Amir
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Показать больше [+] Меньше [-]Transgenerational metabolic disorders and reproduction defects induced by benzo[a]pyrene in Xenopus tropicalis
2021
Usal, Marie | Veyrenc, Sylvie | Darracq--Ghitalla-Ciock, Marie | Regnault, Christophe | Sroda, Sophie | Fini, Jean-Baptiste | Canlet, Cécile | Tremblay-Franco, Marie | Raveton, Muriel | Reynaud, Stephane | Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine (LECA) ; Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (Fédération OSUG)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA) | Physiologie moléculaire et adaptation (PhyMA) ; Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) | Metatoul AXIOM (E20) ; MetaboHUB-MetaToul ; MetaboHUB-Génopole Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées [Auzeville] (GENOTOUL) ; Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3) ; Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT) ; Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP) ; Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP) ; Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3) ; Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT) ; Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP) ; Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP) ; Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-MetaboHUB-Génopole Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées [Auzeville] (GENOTOUL) ; Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3) ; Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT) ; Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP) ; Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP) ; Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3) ; Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT) ; Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP) ; Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP) ; Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-ToxAlim (ToxAlim) ; Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3) ; Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT) ; Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP) ; Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP) ; Université de Toulouse (UT)-Ecole d'Ingénieurs de Purpan (INP - PURPAN) ; Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP) ; Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Ecole d'Ingénieurs de Purpan (INP - PURPAN) ; Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP) ; Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE) | ToxAlim (ToxAlim) ; Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3) ; Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT) ; Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP) ; Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP) ; Université de Toulouse (UT)-Ecole d'Ingénieurs de Purpan (INP - PURPAN) ; Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP) ; Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)
International audience | Metabolic disorders induced by endocrine disruptors (ED) may contribute to amphibian population declines but no transgenerational studies have evaluated this hypothesis. Here we show that Xenopus tropicalis, exposed from the tadpole stage, to the ED benzo[a]pyrene (BaP, 50 ng.L−1) produced F2 progeny with delayed metamorphosis and sexual maturity. At the adult stage, F2–BaP females displayed fatty liver with inflammation, tissue disorganization and metabolomic and transcriptomic signatures typical of nonalcoholic steato-hepatitis (NASH). This phenotype, similar to that observed in F0 and F1 females, was accompanied by a pancreatic insulin secretory defect. Metabolic disrupted F2–BaP females laid eggs with metabolite contents significantly different from the control and these eggs did not produce viable progeny. This study demonstrated that an ED can induce transgenerational disruption of metabolism and population collapse in amphibians under laboratory conditions. These results show that ED benzo[a]pyrene can impact metabolism over multiple generations and support epidemiological studies implicating environmental EDs in metabolic diseases in humans.
Показать больше [+] Меньше [-]Factors affecting mercury concentrations in two oceanic cephalopods of commercial interest from the southern Caribbean
2021
Barcia, Laura Garcia | Pinzone, Marianna | Lepoint, Gilles | Pau, Cédric | Das, Krishna | Kiszka, Jeremy | FOCUS - Freshwater and OCeanic science Unit of reSearch - ULiège
peer reviewed | Mercury (Hg) concentrations have significantly increased in oceans during the last century. This element accumulates in marine fauna and can reach toxic levels. Seafood consumption is the main pathway of methylmercury (MeHg) toxicity in humans. Here, we analyzed total Hg (T-Hg) concentrations in two oceanic squid species (Ommastrephes bartramii and Thysanoteuthis rhombus) of an increasing commercial interest off Martinique, French West Indies. Stable isotope ratios reveal a negative linear relationship between δ15N or δ13C in diamondback squid samples. No significant trend was observed between δ34S values and T-Hg concentrations, contrasting with the sulfate availability and sulfide abundance hypotheses. This adds to a growing body of evidence suggesting Hg methylation via sulfate-reducing bacteria is not the main mechanism driving Hg bioavailability in mesopelagic organisms. All squid samples present T-Hg levels below the maximum safe consumption limit (0.5 ppm), deeming the establishment of a commercial squid fishery in the region safe for human consumption.
Показать больше [+] Меньше [-]First record of plastic debris in the stomach of a hooded seal pup from the Greenland Sea
2021
Pinzone, Marianna | Nordoy, Erling S. | Eppe, Gauthier | Malherbe, Cédric | Das, Krishna | Collard, France
peer reviewed | We found plastic debris in the stomach of an Arctic seal pup for the first time. Debris consisted of two pieces of light single-use plastic. Newborns of Arctic seals are at risk of exposure to plastic directly after weaning. Ecotoxicological investigations of plastic exposure to Arctic wildlife are needed.
Показать больше [+] Меньше [-]Clean water, sanitation and under-five children diarrhea incidence: Empirical evidence from the South Africa’s General Household Survey
2021
Omotayo, Abiodun Olusola; Olagunju, Kehinde Oluseyi; Omotoso, Abeeb Babatunde; Ogunniyi, Adebayo; Otekunrin, Olutosin Ademola; Daud, Adebola Saidat | https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9537-9743 Ogunniyi, Adebayo
PR | IFPRI3; ISI; DCA; 1 Fostering Climate-Resilient and Sustainable Food Supply; 2 Promoting Healthy Diets and Nutrition for all; G Cross-cutting gender theme | DSGD
Показать больше [+] Меньше [-]Pregnancy exposure to synthetic phenols and placental DNA methylation -An epigenome-wide association study in male infants from the EDEN cohort ☆
2021
Jedynak, Paulina | Tost, Jörg | Calafat, Antonia, M | Bourova-Flin, Ekaterina | Busato, Florence | Forhan, Anne | Heude, Barbara | Jakobi, Milan | Rousseaux, Sophie | Schwartz, Joel | Slama, Rémy | Vaiman, Daniel | Philippat, Claire | Lepeule, Johanna | Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA) | Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Statistics | Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistiques (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A 1125)) ; Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM) ; HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)
International audience | In utero exposure to environmental chemicals, such as synthetic phenols, may alter DNA methylation in different tissues, including placenta - a critical organ for fetal development. We studied associations between prenatal urinary biomarker concentrations of synthetic phenols and placental DNA methylation. Our study involved 202 mother-son pairs from the French EDEN cohort. Nine phenols were measured in spot urine samples collected between 22 and 29 gestational weeks. We performed DNA methylation analysis of the fetal side of placental tissues using the IlluminaHM450 BeadChips. We evaluated methylation changes of individual CpGs in an adjusted epigenome-wide association study (EWAS) and identified differentially methylated regions (DMRs). We performed mediation analysis to test whether placental tissue heterogeneity mediated the association between urinary phenol concentrations and DNA methylation. We identified 46 significant DMRs (>= 5 CpGs) associated with triclosan (37 DMRs), 2,4-dichlorophenol (3), benzophenone-3 (3), methyl- (2) and propylparaben (1). All but 2 DMRs were positively associated with phenol concentrations. Out of the 46 identified DMRs, 7 (6 for triclosan) encompassed imprinted genes (APC, FOXG1, GNAS, GNASAS, MIR886, PEG10, SGCE), which represented a significant enrichment. Other identified DMRs encompassed genes encoding proteins responsible for cell signaling, transmembrane transport, cell adhesion, inflammatory, apoptotic and immunological response, genes encoding transcription factors, histones, tumor suppressors, genes involved in tumorigenesis and several cancer risk biomarkers. Mediation analysis suggested that placental cell heterogeneity may partly explain these associations. This is the first study describing the genome-wide modifications of placental DNA methylation associated with pregnancy exposure to synthetic phenols or their precursors. Our results suggest that cell heterogeneity might mediate the effects of triclosan exposure on placental DNA methylation. Additionally, the enrichment of imprinted genes within the DMRs suggests mechanisms by which certain exposures, mainly to triclosan, could affect fetal development.
Показать больше [+] Меньше [-]Pregnancy exposure to synthetic phenols and placental DNA methylation -An epigenome-wide association study in male infants from the EDEN cohort ☆
2021
Jedynak, Paulina | Tost, Jörg | Calafat, Antonia, M | Bourova-Flin, Ekaterina | Busato, Florence | Forhan, Anne | Heude, Barbara | Jakobi, Milan | Rousseaux, Sophie | Schwartz, Joel | Slama, Rémy | Vaiman, Daniel | Philippat, Claire | Lepeule, Johanna | Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA) | Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Statistics | Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistiques (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A 1125)) ; Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)
International audience | In utero exposure to environmental chemicals, such as synthetic phenols, may alter DNA methylation in different tissues, including placenta - a critical organ for fetal development. We studied associations between prenatal urinary biomarker concentrations of synthetic phenols and placental DNA methylation. Our study involved 202 mother-son pairs from the French EDEN cohort. Nine phenols were measured in spot urine samples collected between 22 and 29 gestational weeks. We performed DNA methylation analysis of the fetal side of placental tissues using the IlluminaHM450 BeadChips. We evaluated methylation changes of individual CpGs in an adjusted epigenome-wide association study (EWAS) and identified differentially methylated regions (DMRs). We performed mediation analysis to test whether placental tissue heterogeneity mediated the association between urinary phenol concentrations and DNA methylation. We identified 46 significant DMRs (>= 5 CpGs) associated with triclosan (37 DMRs), 2,4-dichlorophenol (3), benzophenone-3 (3), methyl- (2) and propylparaben (1). All but 2 DMRs were positively associated with phenol concentrations. Out of the 46 identified DMRs, 7 (6 for triclosan) encompassed imprinted genes (APC, FOXG1, GNAS, GNASAS, MIR886, PEG10, SGCE), which represented a significant enrichment. Other identified DMRs encompassed genes encoding proteins responsible for cell signaling, transmembrane transport, cell adhesion, inflammatory, apoptotic and immunological response, genes encoding transcription factors, histones, tumor suppressors, genes involved in tumorigenesis and several cancer risk biomarkers. Mediation analysis suggested that placental cell heterogeneity may partly explain these associations. This is the first study describing the genome-wide modifications of placental DNA methylation associated with pregnancy exposure to synthetic phenols or their precursors. Our results suggest that cell heterogeneity might mediate the effects of triclosan exposure on placental DNA methylation. Additionally, the enrichment of imprinted genes within the DMRs suggests mechanisms by which certain exposures, mainly to triclosan, could affect fetal development.
Показать больше [+] Меньше [-]Feeding partridges with organic or conventional grain triggers cascading effects in life-history traits
2021
Moreau, Jérôme | Monceau, Karine | Crépin, Malaury | Tochon, Flavie Derouin | Mondet, Cécilia | Fraikin, Marie | Teixeira, Maria | Bretagnolle, Vincent | Centre d'Études Biologiques de Chizé - UMR 7372 (CEBC) ; La Rochelle Université (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE) | Biogéosciences [UMR 6282] (BGS) ; Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) | Zone Atelier Plaine et Val de Sèvre (LTSER - LTER) ; LTSER Réseau des Zones Ateliers (RZA) ; Institut Ecologie et Environnement - CNRS Ecologie et Environnement (INEE-CNRS) ; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement - CNRS Ecologie et Environnement (INEE-CNRS) ; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
International audience | Farmland birds are declining across Europe and North America and the research of factors behind is the subject of extensive researches. Agricultural intensification is now recognized as a major factor governing the loss of biodiversity with strong evidence that pesticides induced direct bird mortality at a high dose. However, less attention has been given to the long-term effects of chronic exposure to low dose of pesticides. Here, we used an experimental procedure in which grey partridges were fed with untreated grains obtained from either organic (no pesticide) or conventional agriculture (with pesticide) for 26 weeks, thus strictly mimicking wild birds foraging on fields. We then examined a suite of life-history traits (ecophysiological and behavioural) that may ultimately, influence population dynamics. We show for the first time that ingesting low pesticide doses over a long period has long-term consequences on several major physiological pathways without inducing differential mortality. Compared to control partridges, birds exposed to chronic doses i) had less developed carotenoid-based ornaments due to lower concentrations of plasmatic carotenoids, ii) had higher activated immune system, iii) showed signs of physiological stress inducing a higher intestinal parasitic load, iv) had higher behavioural activity and body condition and v) showed lower breeding investment. Our results are consistent with a hormetic effect, in which exposure to a low dose of a chemical agent may induce a positive response, but our results also indicate that breeding adults may show impaired fitness traits bearing population consequences through reduced breeding investment or productivity. Given the current scale of use of pesticides in agrosystems, we suggest that such shifts in life-history traits may have a negative long-term impact on wild bird populations across agrosystems. We stress that long-term effects should no longer be ignored in pesticide risk assessment, where currently, only short-term effects are taken into account.
Показать больше [+] Меньше [-]Early life multiple exposures and child cognitive function: A multi-centric birth cohort study in six European countries
2021
Julvez, Jordi | López-Vicente, Mónica | Warembourg, Charline | Maitre, Lea | Philippat, Claire | Gützkow, Kristine, B | Guxens, Monica | Evandt, Jorunn | Andrusaityte, Sandra | Burgaleta, Miguel | Casas, Maribel | Chatzi, Leda | de Castro, Montserrat | Donaire-González, David | Gražulevičienė, Regina | Hernandez-Ferrer, Carles | Heude, Barbara | Mceachan, Rosie | Mon-Williams, Mark | Nieuwenhuijsen, Mark | Robinson, Oliver | Sakhi, Amrit, K | Sebastian-Galles, Nuria | Slama, Remy | Sunyer, Jordi | Tamayo-Uria, Ibon | Thomsen, Cathrine | Urquiza, Jose | Vafeiadi, Marina | Wright, John | Basagaña, Xavier | Vrijheid, Martine | nstitut d’Investigaci´o Sanit`aria Pere Virgili (IISPV), Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Reus, Reus (Tarragona), Catalonia, | Instituto de Salud Global - Institute For Global Health [Barcelona] (ISGlobal) | Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública = Consortium for Biomedical Research of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP) | Universitat Pompeu Fabra [Barcelona] (UPF) | Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus University Medical Centre-Sophia Children’s Hospital, PO Box 2060, 3000 CB, Rotterdam, | Team of Environmental Epidemiology Applied to Reproduction and Respiratory Health, Institute for Advanced Biosciences (IAB), Inserm U1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Universit´e Grenoble Alpes, 38000, Grenoble, | Norwegian Institute of Public Health [Oslo] (NIPH) | Vytauto Didziojo Universitetas (VDU), Kaunus, | Center for Brain and Cognition, Department of Technology, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Roc Boronat 138, 08018, Barcelona, Catalonia, | Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion | Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, | Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Victoria, | Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Statistics | Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistiques (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A 1125)) ; Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE) | Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Bradford Royal Infirmary, Bradford | MRC Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London | Division of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Cima Universidad de Navarra and “Instituto de Investigaci´on Sanitaria de Navarra (IdISNA)", Pamplona,
International audience
Показать больше [+] Меньше [-]Fate of nanoplastics in the environment: Implication of the cigarette butts
2021
El Hadri, Hind | Lisa, Jesus Maza | Gigault, Julien | Reynaud, Stephanie | Grassl, Bruno | Institut des sciences analytiques et de physico-chimie pour l'environnement et les materiaux (IPREM) ; Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour (UPPA)-Institut de Chimie - CNRS Chimie (INC-CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) | Géosciences Rennes (GR) ; Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR) ; Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) | Agence Nationale de la Recherche | ANR-16-IDEX-0002,E2S,E2S(2016)
International audience | Fate, transport and accumulation of nanoplastics have attracted considerable attention in the past few years. While actual researches have been focused on nanoplastics dispersed or aggregated in different environmental system, no study have been focused on the possibility that nanoplastics are co-transported with other natural or anthropogenic materials. Therefore, the large quantity of debris released in the environment, such as cigarette butts (CGB), could be part of the nanoplastics fate and behavior. Here we show the considerable sorption capacities of cigarette filters for nanoplastics. To address this topic, we chose polystyrene-based nanoplastics with similar state of charge (according to the physico-chemical characteristic of the zeta potential −45 to −40 mV) but with different sizes (50–800 nm) and morphologies. A kinetic approach to sorption in fresh water (pH = 8.05; 179.5 μS cm−1) at room temperature was carried out by means of the flow field flow analysis method (AF4) to determine the partition coefficients and water sampling rates between nanoplastics and cigarette butts. Using different models of, more or less environmentally relevant, nanoplastics (NPTs) and adequate analytical strategies, we found partition coefficients between the NPTs and CGBs ranged from 102 to 104 in freshwater conditions. We demonstrated that the physical features of the NPTs (size and morphology) have an influence on the sorption behaviour. Asymmetrical shaped NPTs with broader size distribution seems to be mostly retained in the CGBs after longer equilibration time. This result shows the importance of the NPTs features on the mechanisms governing their transfer and fate in the environment through environmental matrices, especially when other materials are involved. We anticipate our work to be a starting point for investigating the co-transport of NPTs with other materials present in the environment (natural and anthropogenic).
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