The environment relating to the history of civilization is the notion, which more and more is used when thinking about the changes occurring in Latvian culture. In this research are considered all Latvian palace and manor parks and classified as an integral part of the heritage. The research was done from the year of 2009 to 2010. Fundamental principles the quality of today’s parks were taken, first of all, evaluating the cartographical and historical materials and available literature sources, secondly, chosen, mostly historically rich and varied parks, evaluating basing on landscape evaluation criteria, and, thirdly, summarizing the qualified parks, for working out qualitative and sustainable park development models in the future researches. Working out the evaluation system and principles of historic parks, it is possible not only to reanimate the historical landscape, but also get back the total landscape atmosphere, in spite of the loss of the main ensembles or their partly ruination. The park qualification, structure investigation, landscape inventory and analysis, as well as European experience in historic landscape maintaining and development, according to a similar landscape structure, which nowadays successfully functions as a heritage, is the base for an optimal and sustainable culture landscape development. The worked out order helps in understanding and analyzing the meaning of the historic park and its successful development tendency, in which are marked out the most important heritage objects in the particular landscape and they are reverted in a vital pulse and social processes.

Ecological farming is relevant to protected areas. The aim of the study is to perform an analysis of farms applying organic farming measures as well as the analysis of the change of their areas in Aukštadvaris and Krekenava regional parks (RP). The object of the investigation - the farms of Aukštadvaris and Krekenava regional parks. The study is carried out to determine how many farms, forming the regional parks‘ territory, are managed according to the principles of organic farming. The change of the above- mentioned farming area for 2009-2011 is analyzed as well. Paluknys and Naujamiestis subdistricts, not incorporated into the territory of regional parks, were chosen for the comparison analysis. The analysis of the 2009 – 2011 period showed that the declared areas in Krekenava RP have decreased, and the area of farms applying organic measures has increased by 81.69 hectares (nearly 2.5 times). The number of organic farms increased by 1.5 times in Aukštadvaris RP over the period of 2009-2011, and the area has increased by 187.36 ha. The percentage calculations revealed that in 2011 the area of farms applying organic farming measures in Aukštadvaris RP made up 18.89 per cent of the total area declared, the number of farms - 6.61 per cent. The area of farms applying organic farming measures in Krekenava RP was only 1.71 per cent, measures were applied only by 1.89 per cent of all the declared.

The article is devoted to the analysis of historical, cultural, and architectural importance of Miklouho-Maclay park, a monument of landscape art. It examines the archive data about the family of the famous traveler, ethnographer, anthropologist Mykola Mykolayovych Miklouho-Maclay who lived in Malyn (Zhitomir district Ukraine) at the end of XIX and the beginning of XX century, his contribution to the development of landscape art. It is shown that the park contains 57 species of arboreal-shrub plants including 34 species of trees, 22 shrubs, and one shrubbу liana. 23 of them (40%) are introduced species. The author offers the direction of parkland reconstruction and points out recommendations on territory zoning.

Society aims to develop frames for recognizing important geological and geomorphological sites and features or landscapes within their national and even transnational boundaries. Earth heritage sites educate the general public and preserve cultural and environmental matters. New trends of sustainable development, importance of site conservation are demanding that landforms and landscapes, rocks, minerals, fossils, soils should be protected legally, as they give understanding about the evolution of Mother Earth in local and regional context to generations. The Geopark concept was developed in cooperation with UNESCO and followed a large number of requests to UNESCO from all over the world, from geological institutions and geoscientists and non-governmental organizations, and it became extremely popular and influential to preserve those geological heritage areas, nowadays still recognized only nationally or not at all. This paper aims to give comprehensive overview of existing geoparks in the Baltic Sea Region, as well as analyse aspiring geoparks and unpublished initiatives of potential geopark (Livonia and Vooremaa) eventual establishment in frames of cultural and landscape preservation context. Criteria, requirements and earlier studies are given in context. The geoparks should mainly contain cultural and educational purpose while targeting the least possible damage in preservational aspect.

This study is based on the authors’ research started in 2017 that resulted in the development of theoretical strategic and tactical models for the construction of a prototype for automated assessment of tourism economic impact in specific regions, including regions of national parks (NP), as well as for other studies. The aim of the research was testing the performance of the prototype in a research e-environment using the travellers’ survey data obtained in a study in 2019 on the national parks’ target groups (visitor behaviour) during the Gauja National Park (GNP) Travellers’ Days. The prototype was based on the open-source platform Drupal, MySQL used as a database management system (DMS). Drupal united with the Jupyter Notebook platform. The methodological substantiation of the test study is based on aspects of consumer behaviour. A quantitative study with details of qualitative research has been performed. Simple data sampling was used in the data acquisition, but in the analysis – induction, deduction approach, synthesis, data sorting and segmentation, determination of mean values and their expression in proportion; a comparative analysis was performed and conclusions characterizing the sample were made. After completing the prototype performance testing, the authors’ main findings indicate that the prototype’s performance efficiency in terms of time consumption is 23.3 times higher than equivalent work in MS Excel. The prototype has yielded quantitative results from the calculations, and that allows the formulation of the GNP’s Travellers’ Days visitor profile, which is characterized by a sample of the surveys.