Genetic diversity estimation among different species is an important tool for genetic improvement to maximize the yield, desirable quality, wider adaptation, pest and insect resistance that ultimately boosting traditional plant breeding methods. The most efficient way of diversity estimation is application of molecular markers. In this study, twenty random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) primers were utilized to estimate the genetic diversity between ten sunflower genotypes. Overall 227 bands were amplified by 20 primers with an average of 11.35 bands per primer. RAPD data showed 86.34% polymorophic bands and 13.65% of monomorophic bands. Genetic similarity was ranged from 50.22% to 87.22%. The lowest similarity (50.22%) was observed between FH-352 and FH-359 and the maximum similarity 87.22% was observed between A-23 and G-46. Polymorphic information content (PIC) values were varying from 0.05 to 0.12 with a mean of 0.09. Cluster analysis based on RAPD results displayed two major distinct groups 1 and 2. Group-2 contains FH-352 which was the most diverse genotype, while group-1 consists of few sub groups with all other genotypes. Ample diversity was found in all the genotypes. Present study reveals novel information about sunflower genome which can be used in future studies for sunflower improvement.

In this study, we performed a genetic diversity analysis using RAPD (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA) and ISSR (Inter simple sequence repeat) markers for some Chrysochamela species growing in Turkey. PCR was performed using RAPD and ISSR primers and genomic DNA samples from each specimen, and the resulting bands were scored. Phylogenetic relationships and genetic distances between the studied taxa were calculated using the PAUP analysis program. According to the RAPD analysis, the closest genetic distance was found to be 0.20000 between C. noeana populations, while the most distant values were found as 0.60000 between C. noeana and C. elliptica. The ISSR analysis also revealed the closest genetic distance as 0.34043 between C. noeana populations, while the most distant values were found to be 0.55319 between C. noeana and C. elliptica. UPGMA (unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean) dendrogram generated for both RAPD and ISSR analyses consisted of two groups. As a result, it was found that RAPD data were more appropriate for comparison with the previous anatomical and morphological data of the studied taxa.

Çukurova Üniversitesi, Ziraat Fakültesi, Bahçe Bitkileri Bölümünde yürütülen bu çalışmada 20 trabzon hurması çeşit ve tiplerinde morfolojik ve moleküler karakterizasyon yapılmıştır. Çalışmada morfolojik karakterizasyon için ağaçlarının gelişme durumu, büyüme şekli, dal yapıları ile yaprak, meyve ve tohum özellikleri incelenmiştir. Morfolojik karakterizasyon sonucu elde edilen verilerde, trabzon hurması çeşit ve tiplerinden oluşan popülasyon içindeki benzerlik katsayısı, temel bileşenler analizi (TBA) ve kümeleme analizi yapılarak morfolojik dendrogram oluşturulmuştur. TBA analizi sonucunda ilk üç temel faktör grubunun popülasyon varyansının %55,11’ini tanımladığı saptanmıştır. Çeşit ve genotiplerden oluşan 20 birey içerisindeki benzerlik indeksi morfolojik özellikler bakımından %6,01 ile %67,47 arasında değişim göstermiştir. Yapılan rastgele çoğaltılmış polimorfik DNA (RAPD) analizlerine göre, çalışmada kullanılan genotipler arasındaki genetik polimorfizmin yüksek olduğu saptanmıştır. Belirtilen bu polimorfizme rağmen, bazı genotiplerin yakın genetik ilişkide olduğu da tespit edilmiştir. ‘Hana Fuyu’ (Fr) ve ‘Hachiya’ (Fr) genotipleri arasında RAPD sonuçlarına göre %82 oranında benzerlik tespit edilmiştir. ‘Fuji’ genotipinin ise belirtilen bu genotiplerle genetik benzerliğinin yaklaşık olarak %80 civarında olduğu belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca ‘Kaki Tipo’ (Fr), 07 TH 05, 07 TH 06 ve 33 TH 01 genotiplerinin aynı grup içerisinde kümelendiği ve benzerlik oranlarının %65’in üzerinde olduğu tespit edilmiştir.

Charcoal rot is a soil and seed borne, economically important fungal disease on dry bean in Turkey. Twenty bean isolates of M. phaseolina collected from different locations in Turkey during 2008 and 2012 years were studied for genetic variability using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) assay, chlorate sensitivity on medium supplemented with 120mM of potassium, phenotype of colony, and pathogenicity. Isolates were identified as M. phaseolina based on morhological features and PCR assays using species-specific primers (MPKF1and MPKR1). Isolates of M. phaseolina were analysed for their aggressiveness on the susceptible bean cv. Akman 98, by soil inoculation method. Isolates exhibiting a dense chlorate phenotype were chlorate-resistant, while those possessing feathery and restricted chlorate phenotypes were chlorate-sensitive. More than half of the isolates (55%) were resistant to chlorate and produced dense phenotype, while 35% isolates showed feathery and two isolates (10%) showed restricted growth. DNA from 20 isolates was subjected to genetic diversity analysis by the RAPD method using 14 randomly chosen 10-base random primers, and low genetic diversity (33.3%) was observed among the tested isolates.