The aim of this study is to investigate; the effects of organic and inorganic fertilizer applications on dry matter yield of different plant parts and microelement content of grain in two different buckwheat varieties. While main plots were formed by Aktaş and Güneş buckwheat varieties, sub plots were formed by 5 different fertilizer types (Control, Urea and Worm, Chicken, Cattle manure used as an organic fertilizers) in the experiment. Buckwheat cultivar were cultivated in April 2019 and harvested in July 2019. After harvesting, different buckwheat parts (root, shoot and grain) were determined for micro element content (Cu, Mn, Fe and Zn) with the Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy. Findings results shown that there are statistically significant differences in terms of grain yield as fertilizer applications, cultivars and cultivar fertilizer interactions. While the best results for the Cukurova region were obtained from Güneş cultivar (102.20 kg da-1) as a cultivar, the best results were obtained from the application of Urea (138.1 kg da-1) as a fertilizer application. Although there is no statistically significant difference between the cultivars in terms of grain microelement content, it was determined that there is a statistical difference between the average values of fertilizer applications as Cu, Fe and Mn content. The best results were obtained from urea application on micronutrients in Cu (35.38 mg kg-1), Fe (207.30 mg kg-1) and Mn (37.22 mg kg-1). As a result, the best type of fertilizer in the Cukurova Region is the Güneş cultivar, while the best fertilizer application is urea, which is an inorganic fertilizer. Organic fertilizer applications are not important, but the best results were obtained from cattle manure as organic fertilizer.

With the effects of various human activities and global warming, pressures on plant species are increasing day by day, living species and living environments are adversely affected. In order to reduce and control these negative effects, a variety of regulatory ecological services are needed to provide both a nutrient environment for animals and to save and maintain their habitat. For this purpose, creating buffer zones at the borders of fence plants and farm areas can be used as a regional supporting mechanism. One of the most important criteria is to use plant species (from Legüminaceae families) which have high nutritional value for animals in farm buffer areas. The selected plants have many functions such as erosion prevention on sloping areas, nutrient retention, aesthetic area creation, flood prevention, odor control. They are the ones that constantly occupy the city's agenda with various environmental problems such as ensuring control of unwanted odors in farm areas and improving visual quality. In this study, it is aimed to determine the plant species that can be suggested to be used in a buffer zone which can be created in order to create aesthetic value in farm areas, to control odor problem and to contribute to studies to create nutrients and to protect ecology.

The effects of environmental factors and reproductive activities on proximate composition of freshwater mussels, Unio pictorum, was investigated from February 2013 to February 2014 in Sinop, Turkey. Environmental parameters including total particulate matter, inorganic matter and organic matter, chlorophyll-a and temperature were determined monthly during the experimental period. Mean protein, lipid, moisture and meat yield were 56.03±0.79%, 4.42±0.31%, 82.19±0.21% and 21.75±0.91%, respectively. The obtained data indicate that the proximate composition of mussels is highly correlated with environmental factors and reproduction cycle. In conclusion, freshwater mussel based protein should be evaluated an alternative source of protein for the feed industry.

The present study was focused on the design and implementation of an experimental recognition system for dirty chicken eggshell by using an image analysis technique. Image analysis based observation and evaluation techniques can be used efficiently and effectively for agricultural product quality control. Dirt stains on eggs are the result of mainly by feces (black to light brown stains), uric acid (white stains), yolk, and blood. The experimental system was used to obtain dark level images of dirty stains of chicken eggs owing to feces. For this aim, the dirty chicken eggs which have dirty parts were put under a webcam, and dirtiness degree was evaluated by using developed image analysis software at the LabVIEW platform. For the experiment, 100 clean and 100 dirty eggs were used to accurate the determination of dark stains. The results of the research showed that the designed experimental system pointed an accuracy of 99.8% at painted grade eggs. On the other hand, the accuracy of the differentiation of the dirt stains by feces was 98.5%. The developed system can be upgraded for developing egg sorting machines by presence-absence of dirty stains in eggshell.

In this study; instead of the wheat used tempered corn in the local Maras tarhana, which is rich in nutrients such as carbohydrates, fats and proteins. For this purpose, tempered corn was substituted for wheat at proportions rates 10%, 20%, 30%, 40% and 50% traditional Maras tarhana samples were produced. That’s why developing a new product with both the work, and to create a wider area of use for corn. New products were conducted, physical, chemical organoleptic analysis and compared with traditional Maras tarhana as control sample under the same conditions. As a result of this research, it was observed that tempered corn affected the chemical and organoleptic characteristics of the traditional Maras tarhana positively and it has been determined that the most suitable ratios of tempered corn to be used in Maras tarhana production were 10% and 20%.

For about 10 thousand years, new varieties have emerged naturally or artificial in wheat. Factors for the development of new varieties are fertilization, machine use, changing taste preferences and adaptation to climate change and exc. In the study; Apogee variety, which is one of the most recently developed varieties, has low sensitivity to vernalization and photoperiod, and Einkorn and Emmer, which is one of the oldest known varieties, and Tosunbey variety, which has been developed in our country in recent years, were compared in terms of agronomic characteristics. The research was carried out at room temperature and field conditions with spring planting. At room temperature, Apogee variety reached harvest maturity in 87 days, Emmer variety’s in 140 days, Tosunbey variety’s in 116 days. Since Einkorn variety could not meet the need for vernalization, its development ceased at stem elongation stage. All varieties have completed their development by meeting the need for vernalization in field conditions. Apogee variety reached harvest maturity in 93 days, Einkorn variety in 118 days, Emmer variety in 108 days, Tosunbey variety in 115 days. In land conditions, Apogee varieties ripen later, while other varieties ripened earlier. Thousand grain weights were 24.3 g in Apogee variety, 17.3 g in Emmer variety, 26.7 g in Tosunbey variety at room temperature conditioning, 11.3 g in Apogee variety, 20.3 g in Einkorn variety, 24.7 g in Emmer variety and 26.0 g in Emmer variety at field conditioning. In field condition, thousand-grain weights of Apogee variety decreased seriously.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of mycorrhiza application on the vegetative development of blackberry cuttings grown under different irrigation regimens. The research was conducted between March-June 2019 in Akdeniz University, Faculty of Agriculture, Research and Application Area. Glomus etunicatium, obtained from Çukurova University Soil and Plant Nutrition Department was used as mycorrhizal fungal material and four different irrigation levels (40%, 60%, 80%, 100%) were applied in the experiment. In order to investigate the effects of the applications on the morphological properties of blackberry cuttings, shoot diameter, plant length, number of leaves and relationship of these variables with each other and flowering dates were determined. When the results were evaluated, it was determined that mycorrhiza application had a positive effect on the vegetative development of the plants. Significant differences were determined between the effects of different irrigation levels on the morphological development of plants. The highest average shoot length (62.08 cm), stem diameter (8.37 mm) and number of leaves (16.28 number/plant) were obtained from the S100 application, where full irrigations were performed. However, there was no statistically significant difference between S80 and S100 subjects in terms of shoot length and stem diameter, and S60, S80 and S100 subjects in terms of number of leaves.

The nutritional survey on the snail Limicolaria flammea (Müller, 1774) integrated several aspects and made it possible to understand in particular socio-demographic characteristics of populations surveyed, the knowledge of the snail Limicolaria flammea (according to municipalities visited), vernacular names, consumption parameters, associated uses and the conservation of the meat of this snail. It appears that 55.33% of respondents are women and 44.67% are men. The most important age group is between 20-34 years old. In this age group, 50.12% of people say they consume the snail Limicolaria flammea. Ethnic groups, Akan (55.73%), Krou (35.21%), Mande (6.26%), and foreigners (2.8%) are thus represented in this study and have expressed their opinions on the knowledge and consumption of this animal species. Vernacular names (23 vernacular names) are quite different from each other according to ethnic groups. Consumption parameters showed that the flesh of snail is used for food (65.65%). Also, the shell of snail is used for medical (29.25%), and aesthetic (8.95%). Diseases treated are pain (20.46%) and rheumatism (6.90%). Investigations have shown that 61.70% of consumers keep the snail's flesh fresh, 38.30% of them smoked. The storage time most observed by consumers (65.40%) is 1 to 4 days.

The electronic tongue is defined as the device, consisting of a series of sensors, used to characterize the taste of complex liquid or converted into liquid form samples. This device can be used in many fields of application; in medicine, chemistry, environment, and food industry. In the food industry. usually, the electronic tongue is used to control the freshness, the maturity, and the non-deterioration of fruits, vegetables, meats, beverages, and dairy products. Commonly, trained panelists participate in taste and sensory analysis. However, the electronic tongue is preferred due to the encountered disadvantages, where the taste perception is subjective and moreover, varies from an individual to another. In the present review, the basic structure of electronic tongues with different systems, working principles, food application areas, advantages, and disadvantages are discussed.

The purpose of agricultural policies is to meet the food demand that the society needs. While supports and incentives for agricultural production increase production, they can have negative consequences on climate change. In parallel with the increase in agricultural production and climate change in the world, there has been a serious increase in both food waste and obese numbers recently. While the overproduction effort of agricultural products creates pressure on the environment, it causes obesity and overweight problems. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), Turkey is at the forefront among the countries where there are obese and overweight people. In the 11th Development Plan in Turkey, in 2018 the prevalence of obesity is 30% (for ages 15 and over) in 2023 is targeted to be reduced to 29.1. The aim of this research is to draw attention to the relationship between climate change and obesity and to address the issue within the framework of the 11th Development Plan. Obesity issues for Turkey; since it is important in terms of food security, climate change and agricultural policies, it is necessary to develop political guidance and protection measures in terms of health, economy, education, environment and national security.