Idiopidae Simon, 1889 is mostly composed of spiders known as trapdoor spiders, which create structures for shelter, hunting and protection against possible predators (Mason et al., 2013). It is divided into three subfamilies: Arbanitinae Simon, 1903, with spiders restricted to Oceania, Genysinae Simon, 1903, occurring in India, Sri Lanka, Madagascar and South America, and Idiopinae Simon, 1889, from South America, Africa, East Middle and South to Southeast Asia (Raven 1985; World Spider Catalog 2023). Idiopidae is widely distributed throughout the world, however, only two genera are present in Brazil: Idiops Perty, 1833 and Neocteniza Pocock, 1895. In this work, we describe a new species for both genera present in Brazil and a new record of Idiops.

Harmonia axyridis (Pallas, 1773) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) is an Asian species intentionally introduced in many countries as a biological control agent for insect pests. In Brazil, it was introduced accidentally and recorded for the first time in Curitiba, Paraná State, in 2002. An inventory of natural enemies of the leaf-galling form of the grape phylloxera Daktulosphaira vitifoliae (Fitch, 1856) (Hemiptera: Phylloxeridae) carried out in Bento Gonçalves, Rio Grande do Sul, the occurrence of predation of all stages of development of D. vitifoliae by larvae and adults of H. axyridis. The presence of H. axyridis preying on D. vitifoliae in vineyards is important because it identifies an exotic species acting as a predator of grape phylloxera populations in Brazil.

The Gregório Bondar Entomological Collection (CEGB) of the Cocoa Research Center (CEPEC) has its origins in the 1930s with Dr. Gregório Bondar's insect collection that he constituted in the state of Bahia, Brazil. Bondar, a Russian-Brazilian entomologist, significantly contributed to Brazilian entomology and agriculture, and his extensive collection was in great part donated to the American Museum of Natural History. A smaller portion remained in Brazil and was eventually transferred to CEPEC in the 1960s. The collection, originally known as "Entomoteca Gregório Bondar", has grown to over 30,000 specimens by the 1980s. It holds valuable historical data that supports biodiversity monitoring and ecological research. The CEGB's Lepidoptera section features specimens collected from 1936 to 2024, mostly from the Atlantic Forest biome. This article aims to contribute to the knowledge of the distribution of butterflies in the Atlantic Forest, primarily from southern Bahia, by providing data on the specimens deposited in the CEGB at CEPEC in Ilhéus, Bahia, Brazil. A total of 531 specimens in 249 species of butterflies distributed within six families were recorded: 282 Nymphalidae (109 spp.), 107 Hesperiidae (63 spp.), 60 Riodinidae (31 spp.), 46 Lycaenidae (30 spp.), 33 Pieridae (14 spp.), and three Papilionidae (2 spp.). Specimens were collected from 11 localities in the Atlantic Forest biome. The CEGB provides data on butterfly distribution, including new records for the state of Bahia and the Atlantic Forest, highlighting its significance for research and conservation efforts.

Given its culinary importance and high market value, the cultivation of Vanilla (Orchidaceae) has been expanding annually in Brazil. As observed in many crops, the increase in cultivated areas leads to a greater incidence of insects associated with species of this genus. This study reports the herbivory of larvae from Cremna thasus (Stoll, 1780) (Papilionoidea: Riodinidae: Riodininae), Hypercompe cunigunda (Stoll, 1781) (Noctuoidea: Erebidae: Arctiinae), and Spodoptera cosmioides Walker, 1858 (Noctuoidea: Noctuidae: Noctuinae) on Vanilla bahiana Hoehne and V. planifolia Andrews in the Federal District, Brazil. A list of 19 Lepidoptera species from six families associated with Vanilla spp. worldwide is provided based on a literature review. Most (n=15) of them exhibit polyphagous larvae. Given reports of exotic larvae spreading with orchids worldwide and the discussed larval polyphagy, we address precautions that producers of Vanilla and other orchids should take to reduce the incidence of insect pests in crops, especially in areas with intensive cropping systems involving annual commodities such as maize and soybean.

The Atlantic Forest and Cerrado biomes are global biodiversity hotspots. Despite this, they are constantly losing their natural habitats, making it urgent to conduct fauna inventories for the conservation of taxa such as dragonflies (Odonata). These insects provide fundamental environmental services to both aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems and are poorly sampled in some regions of Minas Gerais state. In this regard, the present study aimed to inventory the Odonata community in the surroundings of Luminárias, a municipality located in southern Minas Gerais state, Brazil. This area consists of a transition between Cerrado and Atlantic Forest, with biotic and abiotic attributes suggesting the creation of a Conservation Unit (CU) to provide data on the distribution of this taxon for future conservation actions. The study was conducted between 2023 and 2024, in 10 locations, totaling 690 hours of sampling effort. Fifty-seven species were recorded, distributed among seven families, with four species at some risk of extinction or with insufficient data, according to the IUCN or ICMBio. Considering the significant richness of Odonata fauna obtained in this study, which includes threatened species, it is urgent to establish management actions for the protection of these populations, including the creation of a CU.