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Groundwater flow modeling of periods with periglacial and glacial climate conditions for the safety assessment of the proposed high-level nuclear waste repository site at Forsmark, Sweden | Modélisation des écoulements d’eau souterraine avec des conditions climatiques périglaciaires et glaciaires pour l’évaluation de la sureté du site de dépôt proposé pour les déchets nucléaires de haut niveau à Frosmark, Suède Modelado de flujo de agua subterránea en períodos con condiciones climáticas glaciales y periglaciales para la evaluación de la seguridad del sitio propuesto para un repositorio de residuos nucleares de alta actividad en Forsmark, Suecia 瑞典福什马克高强度核废料储藏地安全评价中冰缘及冰川气候条件下的地下水流模拟 Modelação de fluxo de águas subterrâneas em períodos de condições climáticas periglaciais e glaciais para avaliação da segurança do proposto depósito de resíduos nucleares de alta atividade em Forsmark, Suécia Полный текст
2014
Vidstrand, Patrik | Follin, Sven | Selroos, Jan-Olof | Näslund, Jens-Ove
The impact of periglacial and glacial climate conditions on groundwater flow in fractured crystalline rock is studied by means of groundwater flow modeling of the Forsmark site, which was recently proposed as a repository site for the disposal of spent high-level nuclear fuel in Sweden. The employed model uses a thermal-hydraulically coupled approach for permafrost modeling and discusses changes in groundwater flow implied by the climate conditions found over northern Europe at different times during the last glacial cycle (Weichselian glaciation). It is concluded that discharge of particles released at repository depth occurs very close to the ice-sheet margin in the absence of permafrost. If permafrost is included, the greater part discharges into taliks in the periglacial area. During a glacial cycle, hydraulic gradients at repository depth reach their maximum values when the ice-sheet margin passes over the site; at this time, also, the interface between fresh and saline waters is distorted the most. The combined effect of advances and retreats during several glaciations has not been studied in the present work; however, the results indicate that hydrochemical conditions at depth in the groundwater flow model are almost restored after a single event of ice-sheet advance and retreat.
Показать больше [+] Меньше [-]Multi-scale groundwater flow modeling during temperate climate conditions for the safety assessment of the proposed high-level nuclear waste repository site at Forsmark, Sweden | Modélisation multi-échelle des écoulements souterrains sous conditions climatiques tempérés dans le cadre de l’évaluation de la sécurité du site de stockage de déchets nucléaires de haut niveau propose à Forsmark en Suède Modelado del flujo de agua subterránea multi-escala en condiciones de clima templado para la evaluación de seguridad del sitio propuesto como repositorio de residuos nucleares de alta actividad en Forsmark, Suecia 瑞典福什马克所选高强度核废料储藏地安全评价中温带气候条件下多尺度地下水流模拟 Modelação de fluxo multi-escala de águas subterrâneas durante condições climáticas temperadas para avaliação da segurança do proposto depósito de resíduos nucleares de alta atividade em Forsmark, Suécia Полный текст
2014
Joyce, Steven | Hartley, Lee | Applegate, David | Hoek, Jaap | Jackson, Peter
Forsmark in Sweden has been proposed as the site of a geological repository for spent high-level nuclear fuel, to be located at a depth of approximately 470 m in fractured crystalline rock. The safety assessment for the repository has required a multi-disciplinary approach to evaluate the impact of hydrogeological and hydrogeochemical conditions close to the repository and in a wider regional context. Assessing the consequences of potential radionuclide releases requires quantitative site-specific information concerning the details of groundwater flow on the scale of individual waste canister locations (1–10 m) as well as details of groundwater flow and composition on the scale of groundwater pathways between the facility and the surface (500 m to 5 km). The purpose of this article is to provide an illustration of multi-scale modeling techniques and the results obtained when combining aspects of local-scale flows in fractures around a potential contaminant source with regional-scale groundwater flow and transport subject to natural evolution of the system. The approach set out is novel, as it incorporates both different scales of model and different levels of detail, combining discrete fracture network and equivalent continuous porous medium representations of fractured bedrock.
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