El agua que los navíos embarcan como lastre cuando deben atravesar el océano sin carga suele contener organismos vivos. Al ser descargada aquella, estos ingresan en un medio al que son ajenos y pueden convertirse en plagas y en muchos casos originan serios trastornos ambientales. Los organismos descargados son especies exóticas. Se muestra un estudio en 5 puertos argentinos (océano Atlántico sudoccidental), formas de mitigar los trastornos y el estado de la situación actual de la problemática, con lecturas sugeridas. | Reprinted as: pp.161-166 in, Ciencia del Mar. Volumen temático 1, 12/2014; Asociación Ciencia Hoy. ISBN: 978-987-45584-0-4 (Special issue dedicated to 'Marine Sciences: 1988-2014')

This book aims to present research carried out by the Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (Embrapa) and its partners regarding United Nations? Sustainable Development Goal 14 (SDG 14), whose title is Life below water. This goal is part of a set of 17 goals agreed upon in 2015 by the UN member states, as part of a plan of action to eradicate poverty, protect the planet and ensure that people achieve peace and prosperity: the 2030 Sustainable Development Agenda. | Translated by Paulo de Holanda Morais.

In lagoonal and marine environments, both historic monuments and recent buildings suffer from severe salt damage caused by sea flooding, sea-level rise and frequent storm events. Salt-water contamination of groundwater systems, a widespread phenomenon typical of coastal areas, can lead to a deterioration not only of the quality of fresh groundwater resources, but also of building materials in urban settlements. A general overview is given of the hydrogeological configuration of the subsoil of Venice (Italy), with particular reference to the shallow groundwater circulation. The relationship between the seawater in the subsoil and salt decay processes, due to salt crystallization, is highlighted. These processes affect civil constructions in Venice’s historic center. Perched aquifers, influenced by tide variations and characterized by salt-water intrusion, favor the transport of salts within masonry walls through the action of rising damp. In fact, foundations, in direct contact with the aquifers, may become a preferential vehicle for the transportation of salt within buildings. Decay patterns of different building materials can be detected through non-destructive techniques, which can identify sea-salt damage and therefore assist in the preservation of cultural heritage in coastal areas.

Unpublished