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3 ref. Sum. (En)

An alternative way to assess the drainable porosity as a function of soil-water tension, from the soil-water retention curve (Van Genuchten's model), is presented for data of a clayey holm gley soil of the county of Piracicaba, SP, Brazil. Soil-water retention curves were determined using undisturbed soil samples. The analysis of the results has shown that the data variability was mainly due to random causes. Statistical indexes used to verify the degree of fitting of the experimental data to the proposed model, have shown that the model can be used to estimate the drainable porosity from the empirical parameters of the Van Genuchten model. | Um modo alternativo para estimativa da porosidade drenável em função da tensão da água no solo a partir da equação de VAN GENUCHTEN para a curva de retenção, é apresentado e testado para dados obtidos de um solo de várzea ( Gleissolo Eutrófico, textura argilosa). Curvas de retenção de água foram elaboradas com amostras de solo com estrutura indeformada. Na análise dos resultados verificou-se que o maior componente de erro foi devido a causas aleatórias, representando cerca de 12 vezes o erro sistemático. Os índices estatísticos utilizados para verificar o grau de ajuste dos dados experimentais à relação funcional apresentada entre porosidade drenável e tensão de água no solo, mostraram que esta relação pode ser utilizada para estimativa da porosidade drenável, a partir do conhecimento dos parâmetros empíricos da equação de VAN GENUCHTEN.

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The ability of a plant to extract soil water during water deficit affects growth and grain yield crop. Experiments were conducted to evaluate the water extraction and rooting patterns of three genotypes (Arawaca, Acarigua and Piritu) of Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) during periods of water deficit imposed at productive stage of growth, on a Fluventic Haplustolls, Maracay-Venezuela, during period of January-April of 1994 and 1995. Profiles of volumetric water content of the soil were measured with a neutron moisture meter, root, biomass and leaf area samples were taken at ending of water deficit period. There are differences in water extraction to drought, among genotypes, Arawaca showed significantly greatests water extraction (53.6 mm) at root zone of crop (0.15 -0.55 m) during the early water deficit period (CST). While the genotypes Acarigua and Piritu showed similar extractable water (40.0 y 39.1 mm respectively). The differences of soil water extraction among genotypes were related to root system patterns and canopy cover of each genotype. Piritu developed the 60% of its root system on the first O.25 m of soil profile and showed the less root length density (0.41 cm cm -3 respectively). A greater root system, with a better capacity to explore the soil, of Acarigua and Arawaca allows a greater amount of water uptake from soil profile. The minor water extraction by Arawaca during CSTR was correlated to its smaller canopy cover (0.65 M2 M2) during this period. The root characteristics of the genotypes suggest its better adaptative value in cropping areas with high risk of water deficit.