Уточнить поиск
Результаты 1-10 из 2,005
Management of China's capture fisheries: Review and prospect Полный текст
2019
Shuolin Huang | Yuru He
Management of China's capture fisheries: Review and prospect Полный текст
2019
Shuolin Huang | Yuru He
Management of capture fisheries has been a perpetual problem facing all fisheries countries worldwide. This study first analyzes the features of China's capture fisheries, and points out that its management tends to be more complex and difficult than any other country in the world. It goes on to describe the history of China's fisheries management and the development process of China's fisheries policies, recognizing the role of fisheries policies in guiding and promoting industrial production during the whole development process. With Fisheries Law of the People's Republic of China as the basic framework, China is thought to have initially formed a fisheries management system with a complete structure and powerful measures for constant improvement and reinforcement. Major systems and measures of China's fisheries management are summarized, with their corresponding effects being evaluated to a certain extent. China's continuous introduction of advanced fisheries management philosophies over the past decades, especially since the reform and opening up, plays an active role in securing the prosperity of the following five industries: aquaculture, capture fisheries, processing and logistics, enhancement, and recreational fisheries; more effort has been put into fisheries ecological environment restoration; and law-based governance capacity in fisheries has been significantly improved. However, due to the characteristics of China's fisheries, as well as the complex and uncertain nature of fisheries itself, certain prominent problems still remain in its capture fisheries. With reference to relevant fisheries development planning, the study concludes with a prospect that China's capture fisheries management will be steered towards the total catch control of fisheries resources and the intensification of resource conservation and ecological restoration. Keywords: Capture fisheries, Fisheries management, China, Practices, Prospect
Показать больше [+] Меньше [-]Management of China's capture fisheries: Review and prospect Полный текст
2019
Huang, Shuolin | He, Yuru
Management of capture fisheries has been a perpetual problem facing all fisheries countries worldwide. This study first analyzes the features of China's capture fisheries, and points out that its management tends to be more complex and difficult than any other country in the world. It goes on to describe the history of China's fisheries management and the development process of China's fisheries policies, recognizing the role of fisheries policies in guiding and promoting industrial production during the whole development process. With Fisheries Law of the People's Republic of China as the basic framework, China is thought to have initially formed a fisheries management system with a complete structure and powerful measures for constant improvement and reinforcement. Major systems and measures of China's fisheries management are summarized, with their corresponding effects being evaluated to a certain extent. China's continuous introduction of advanced fisheries management philosophies over the past decades, especially since the reform and opening up, plays an active role in securing the prosperity of the following five industries: aquaculture, capture fisheries, processing and logistics, enhancement, and recreational fisheries; more effort has been put into fisheries ecological environment restoration; and law-based governance capacity in fisheries has been significantly improved. However, due to the characteristics of China's fisheries, as well as the complex and uncertain nature of fisheries itself, certain prominent problems still remain in its capture fisheries. With reference to relevant fisheries development planning, the study concludes with a prospect that China's capture fisheries management will be steered towards the total catch control of fisheries resources and the intensification of resource conservation and ecological restoration.
Показать больше [+] Меньше [-]Study on 'Meeting Held in the Branch of Fishery Cooperative' for planning fishing village revitalized plan in Yamaguchi Prefecture
2019
Hokimoto, K. (National Fisheries University (Japan), Department of Fisheries Distribution and Management)
Stewarding the salmosphere : exploring perceptions of the values and vulnerabilities of the Alaskan salmon enhancement program Полный текст
2019
Gould, Julie Susanne Grønsleth
M-IES | In response to declining wild stocks and increasing fishing pressures, global hatchery production of all five species of Pacific salmon has increased. Regulations in Alaska state that hatcheries must contribute to common property fisheries while avoiding significant negative impacts on wild stocks. This thesis explores the broader question of how the diverse perceptions and attitudes of key actors, regarding the social and ecological impacts of Alaskan salmon hatcheries, influence stewardship of the resource. Given the variable nature of wild returns and the stable level of hatchery production, there are benefits and concerns of hatchery-wild interactions. Hatcheries are portrayed and debated based on the benefits they provide and the scientific and economic concerns that stakeholders have about them. These risks and benefits are aired in an ongoing public media debate. Research findings revealed that, though individuals hold various views about the merit and acceptability of salmon hatcheries, there is a unanimous desire for further research and prioritization of natural stocks. Findings also suggested that a discussion of trade-offs is necessary to address risks and benefits aired in an ongoing public media debate, and the potential emergence of a socialecological trap. This investigation contributes to a growing body of research and to a broader understanding of the social dynamics involved in decision-making about hatchery management of Pacific salmon hatcheries in Alaska. | submittedVersion
Показать больше [+] Меньше [-]Collaborative fisheries research: the Canadian Fisheries Research Network experience Полный текст
2019
Thompson, Susan A. | Stephenson, R. L. (Robert L.) | Rose, George A. | Paul, Stacey D.
The Canadian Fisheries Research Network (CFRN) was a collaboration among fish harvesters, academic researchers, and government scientists that undertook research between 2010 and 2016 on questions about fisheries that were identified by fish harvesters and pertinent to management objectives. This paper provides a synthesis of the scope and results of the CFRN. It explores the link between the increasing challenges to fisheries sustainability and the need for increased research capacity and for a collaborative approach. It documents the creation of the collaboration, the research it accomplished, and its benefits and explores the need for ongoing collaboration. The papers in this special issue on the CFRN demonstrate the benefits of collaborative fisheries research that are of relevance internationally and support the need for a permanent collaborative platform to conduct research to support fisheries management capacity and decision-making in Canada.
Показать больше [+] Меньше [-]Trends in Abundance and Fishing Mortality of American Eels Полный текст
2019
Kahn, Desmond M.
A range of findings on the status of American Eels Anguilla rostrata has been published. The most extreme report occurred in 2014, when the International Union for the Conservation of Nature placed the species on its Red List, meaning that the Union considered it endangered. The trend in abundance of American Eels is consequently of concern for conservation biology and fishery management. Here, I present a new index of American Eel relative abundance in the estuarine waters along the U.S. Atlantic coast from 1981 through 2014, consisting of the total American Eel catch per trip by recreational anglers. Abundance was highest in 1981 and then declined through 1995 to about one‐sixth of the 1981 value. By 2003, abundance began an irregular increase; by 2014, it was approximately one‐half of the 1981 value. Combining commercial landings with the index of relative abundance produces the trend in fishing mortality, which has been relatively low during both the period of declining abundance and the period of increasing abundance, although it increased temporarily during the period of lower abundance from 1995 through 2002. I include a discussion of the Atlantic States Marine Fisheries Commission's 2012 stock assessment and explore some general issues in stock assessment of American Eels.
Показать больше [+] Меньше [-]Phylogeography of eagle rays of the genus Aetobatus: Aetobatus narinari is restricted to the continental western Atlantic Ocean Полный текст
2019
Sales, João Bráullio L. | de Oliveira, Cintia Negrão | dos Santos, Wagner César Rosa | Rotundo, Matheus Marcos | Ferreira, Yrlene | Ready, Jonathan | Sampaio, Iracilda | Oliveira, Cláudio | Cruz, Vanessa P. | Lara-Mendoza, Raul E. | da Silva Rodrigues-Filho, Luis Fernando
The biogeography and conservation of elasmobranch species was increasingly addressed in the recent past, but the southwestern Atlantic Ocean fauna is still one of the least studied. Reliable delimitation of the distribution range of species is fundamental to conservation and development of fisheries management strategies. A recent molecular study of the cryptic Aetobatus narinari species complex restricted that species to western and eastern coasts of the New World. However, the current distribution of A. narinari and phylogenetic relationships within the genus Aetobatus have yet to be clarified, the goal of this phylogeographic analysis. Using mitochondrial and nuclear markers we investigated specimens from the Atlantic coast of Brazil and the Pacific coast of Mexico and related them to previously analyzed specimens from other regions. Our analysis indicates that Aetobatus narinari is present only in the western Atlantic, formed by a single genetic lineage that ranges between Florida and southeastern Brazil, while the Pacific New World lineage is in fact assigned to Aetobatus laticeps. Analysis of divergence times revealed that biogeographic events such as the closure of the Tethys Sea, the formation of the Benguela barrier, and the Isthmus of Panama played major roles in diversification and dispersal of the genus Aetobatus.
Показать больше [+] Меньше [-]Managing the fishery commons at Marseille: How a medieval institution failed to accommodate change in an age of globalization Полный текст
2019
Grisel, Florian
This paper offers a socio‐historical study of the Prud'homie de pêche (the “Prud'homie”), a common‐pool institution (“CPI”) that has managed the fishery commons at Marseille since the Middle Ages. The evidence presented here sheds light on specific challenges faced by the Prud'homie during the early stages of globalization: one challenge is the import of a new fishing technique (the madrague) in the early 17th century, and another challenge is the arrival of migrant fishermen from Catalonia throughout the 18th century. On this basis, this paper explores the ways in which globalization has impacted the Prud'homie and identifies the mechanisms through which these challenges might threaten the functioning of CPIs.
Показать больше [+] Меньше [-]Effect of simulated catch-and-release angling on postrelease mortality and egg viability in sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) Полный текст
2019
Smukall, Matthew J. | Shaw, Amy | Behringer, Donald C.
Effect of simulated catch-and-release angling on postrelease mortality and egg viability in sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) Полный текст
2019
Smukall, Matthew J. | Shaw, Amy | Behringer, Donald C.
Catch-and-release angling of salmonids is a widely implemented fisheries management strategy intended to provide recreational fishing opportunities while limiting harvest. Previous research has indicated mortality may be low, but the extent of sublethal impacts, including inability to reach spawning grounds or decreased spawning effectiveness, is relatively under-studied. Sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) were subjected to simulated catch-and-release events, with a subset also enduring air exposure, to determine how physiological stress influences the ability of sockeye salmon to reach spawning grounds and the viability of eggs produced. Short-term postrelease mortality was highest for fish that were subjected to air exposure, but once recovered, neither simulated catch-and-release nor air exposure had a major impact on their ability to reach spawning grounds. Egg viability was similar between treatment groups, indicating physiological stress associated with the trials did not have a negative impact on reproduction. These results suggest that handling, especially air exposure, is the primary concern and substantially impacts the short-term postrelease mortality of sockeye salmon, which has important implications for management.
Показать больше [+] Меньше [-]Effect of simulated catch-and-release angling on postrelease mortality and egg viability in sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) Полный текст
2018 | 2019
Smukall, Matthew James | Shaw, Amy E | Behringer, Donald C.
Catch-and-release angling of salmonids is a widely implemented fisheries management strategy intended to provide recreational fishing opportunities while limiting harvest. Previous research has indicated mortality may be low, but the extent of sublethal impacts, including inability to reach spawning grounds or decreased spawning effectiveness, is relatively under-studied. Sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) were subjected to simulated catch-and-release events, with a subset also enduring air exposure, to determine how physiological stress influences the ability of sockeye salmon to reach spawning grounds and the viability of eggs produced. Short-term postrelease mortality was highest for fish that were subjected to air exposure, but once recovered, neither simulated catch-and-release nor air exposure had a major impact on their ability to reach spawning grounds. Egg viability was similar between treatment groups, indicating physiological stress associated with the trials did not have a negative impact on reproduction. These results suggest that handling, especially air exposure, is the primary concern and substantially impacts the short-term postrelease mortality of sockeye salmon, which has important implications for management. | The presentation of the authors' names and (or) special characters in the title of the pdf file of the accepted manuscript may differ slightly from what is displayed on the item page. The information in the pdf file of the accepted manuscript reflects the original submission by the author.
Показать больше [+] Меньше [-]Misspecification in stock assessments: Common uncertainties and asymmetric risks Полный текст
2019
Hordyk, Adrian R. | Huynh, Quang C. | Carruthers, Thomas R.
Common uncertainties in stock assessment relate to parameters or assumptions that strongly determine both the estimates of quantities of management interest (e.g. stock depletion) and related reference points (e.g. biomass at maximum sustainable yield). The risks associated with these uncertainties are often presented to managers in the form of decision tables. However, a formal evaluation of the risks from misspecifying an assessment model over time‐horizons spanning multiple assessment cycles requires closed‐loop simulation. There were two aims of this study: (a) develop an approach to identify and evaluate asymmetries in risk to yields and spawning biomass due to biases in key parameters and data sources in a stock assessment model, (b) quantify the relative importance of correctly specifying the various assessment attributes. A computationally efficient stock reduction analysis was evaluated using closed‐loop simulation to identify risks associated with a stock assessment with persistent positive and negative biases in the key parameters and inaccurate assumptions regarding data sources. Six types of assessment misspecification were examined, namely the assumed natural mortality rate, the assumed recruitment compensation ratio, the assumed age of maturity, a hyper‐stable or hyper‐deplete index of abundance, over‐ or under‐reporting of historical catch, and misspecification of the assumed shape of the selectivity curve. This study reveals large asymmetries in risk associated with common uncertainties in stock assessment processes. We highlight the value of reproducible and computationally efficient stock assessment models that can be investigated by closed‐loop simulation before being used for fisheries management.
Показать больше [+] Меньше [-]