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Processing tomatoes : fruit quality control Полный текст
1995
Dumas, Y. | Bussières, Philippe | CORNILLON, Pierre
Occurrence and control of the rot diseases of loquat [Eriobotrya japonica] fruit
1995
Morita, A. (Nagasaki-ken. Fruit Tree Experiment Station, Omura (Japan))
Synthetic cytokinin--1-(2-chloro-4-pyridyl)-3-phenylurea (CPPU)--promotes fruit set and induces parthenocarpy in watermelon
1995
Hayata, Y. | Niimi, Y. | Iwasaki, N.
Applying a 200 ppm solution of CPPU to pollinated ovaries of watermelon (Citrullus lanatus Matsum) at anthesis increased fruit set from 26.9% (control) to 95%. Applying CPPU solutions to nonpollinated ovaries at anthesis induced parthenocarpy, yielding 65% and 89.5% fruit set, respectively with 20 and 200 ppm applications. However, 64% of the 20 ppm CPPU-treated parthenocarpic fruit stopped growth 10 days after treatment. Growth of CPPU-treated, pollinated, and nonpollinated fruit increased significantly compared with growth of control fruit during the first 10 days after treatment, but, except for the 20 ppm CPPU parthenocarpic fruit, growth subsequently slowed, resulting in fruit equal in size to the control by harvest. CPPU application did not affect soluble solids content of pollinated fruit, but reduced content of parthenocarpic fruit treated with 20 ppm. Fructose content was generally higher than glucose and sucrose at harvest. However, in pollinated fruit treated with 20 ppm CPPU, sucrose levels were higher than glucose and fructose. These results suggest that CPPU is practical for promoting fruit set and seedless fruit without adversely affecting fruit quality and development.
Показать больше [+] Меньше [-]Nutritional status in apples and June drop
1995
Abruzzese, A. | Mignani, I. | Cocucci, S.M.
Apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) trees are often affected by a severe June fruit drop, which is often correlated with competition phenomena involving fruit nutrition. This research was initiated to determine if June drop in 'Gloster'/M.9 apple could be correlated with a diminished nutrient availability in developing seeds and fruit. During the test period [30 to 62 days after full bloom (AFB)], the fruit that abscised had a diameter similar to that reached by persisting fruit 13 days earlier. Biochemical parameters related to nutritional status of fruit were measured when an abscission peak occurred 38 days AFB. Persisting fruit (control) and abscised fruit were compared along with fruit that abscise 13 days later. The cortex tissue obtained from the two kinds of abscised fruit showed a higher level of soluble reducing sugars and sucrose and a lower content of K+, acid hydrolyzable polysaccharides, and protein compared to the control. Further, the Ca2+ content was higher in abscised fruit than in controls of the same age, whereas there was no difference when fruit of the same size were compared. Total amino acid level was similar in control and abscised fruit at the same age, but there was a lower amino acid level in abscised fruit of the same size. Histological analysis of cortex tissue indicated that abscised fruit have larger cells with less evident nuclei and thinner cell walls than controls. Compared to control fruit, abscised fruit showed the same average number of seeds and a severe inhibition of seed growth; seeds from both kinds of abscised fruit had the same or higher levels of the parameters measured. No positive correlations were observed between fruit abscission and nutrient content of seeds or fruit.
Показать больше [+] Меньше [-]Biology and control of fruit flies (Anastrepha) in tropical and temperate fruit
1995
Calkins, C.O. | Malavasi, A.
The influence of genetic factors and environmental conditions on fruit quality at harvest
1995
Audergon, J.-M. (Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Montfavet (France). Station de Recherches Fruitieres Mediterraneennes) | Souty, M. (Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Montfavet (France). Station de Technologie des Produits Vegetaux)
Fruit consumption is directly linked to fruit quality. On stone fruits, quality is one of the most important parameters due to a quick evolution during maturation and post-harvest. All the actors involved in fruit production from growers to consumers have an influence on fruit quality. Growers maintain two main phases under control: first, the variety choice because it defines a potential fruit quality; second, the technical practices by the optimization and the control of fruit carbohydrate accumulation. The influence and relative contribution of both factors are discussed.
Показать больше [+] Меньше [-]Karāban kaju no byōgaichū bōjo | Fruit tree pests and control
1995
Umeya, Kenji | Kishi, Kunihei | Obō, Nobuhiko
Alternate branch fruit cluster in satsuma mandarin [Citrus unshiu]: New fruit control method for biennial bearing prevention and quality improvement.
1995
Kihara T. | Iwagaki I. | Okuda H. | Kawase K.
Satsuma mandarin "Aoshima" is known for its tendency to display biennial bearing as well as for its good quality with a high sugar content. It is difficult to achieve stable production and fruit grows too large off-year when conventional fruit thinning is applied. Improved method for fruit control is required for "Aoshima". Alternate branch fruit thinning and other fruit control methods were investigated for the prevention of biennial bearing and improvement of quality. In alternate branch fruit thinning, young fruits are completely removed from some branches and allowed to cluster on other branches. The fruit control system mentioned above was designated as alternate branch fruit cluster method. 1) The application of the alternate branch fruit cluster method enabled to prevent biennial bearing and to stabilize the production of "Aoshima". The method also enabled to secure fruits with a medium size and higher Brix value. 2) The application of the alternate branch fruit cluster method resulted in reduced variation in fruit quality in a tree canopy. 3) Fruit of "Shilverhill" and old satsuma line, became frequently too small when the alternate branch fruit cluster method was applied because "Shilverhill" does not show a strong tendency to biennial bearing. Quality improvement by the alternate branch fruit cluster method was not as distinct as in the case of "Aoshima". 4) Practically, the alternate branch fruit cluster method consists of selected 20 to 25 lateral branches of 2 to 2.5cm in diameter (500-600 leaves) in the case of fully mature 20-year-old "Aoshima" and pairs of cluster-fruit branch and defruited branches are distributed in a tree canopy. An amount of about 1.5 to 2 times as much fruit as in the case of conventional thinning should be left on cluster-fruit branches.
Показать больше [+] Меньше [-]Guarding against oriental fruit fly use biotechnical control
1995
Rahman, O. | Aggarwal, M.L. | Rahman, S. (Rajendra Agricultural Univ., Bihar (India). Dept. of Entomoloty)
Weed control in vegetable, fruit, and nut crops
1995
Brandenberger, Lynn Philip | Sauls, Julian Winnfield
