The number of stalks per plant in 105 varieties of sorghum grown at Woodward, Okla., from 1930 to 1937 was determined in rows in which the plants were spaced at two distances, viz., about 7 inches and 36 inches apart. In stalks produced per plant in the 36-inch spacing, the various sorghum groups ranked from the greatest to the least number as follows: Hegari, feterita, sorgo, milo, kaoliang, kafir, and durra. The six-year average number of stalks per plant in 79 varieties was 1.28 in the 7-inch spacing and 2.39 in the 36-inch spacing. Some varieties produced no tillers in certain seasons, but one variety produced an average of 6.8 stalks per plant in the 36-inch spacing in 1936. The rank of the varieties in number of stalks per plant was very similar in the two spacings, except when spacing was not uniform, although varietal differences were smaller in the 7-inch spacing than in the 36-inch spacing. Small variations from the average spacing had little effect on the number of stalks per plant in the kafirs and other varieties that produced few tillers but such variations were important in many varieties that tiller freely. Hegari produced a considerable number of tillers in all seasons and in both spacings. Dwarf Yellow and certain other varieties of milo usually tillered freely, but tillering fluctuated more with environment than in hegari. Differences in tillering appear to account for many of the yield relationships and adaptations that have been observed in sorghum varieties. The proper plant spacing for a variety depends largely upon its tillering ability. Varieties that tiller poorly should be planted relatively thick.

The Frank Leslie Duley photograph collection consists of photographs and negatives of sorghum, corn, soil moisture, and soil structure. Many are not labeled as to place. Some are labeled with towns and cities in Nebraska including Lincoln, Dalton, Chappell, and Gurley. There is a note in the collection: "The pictures in this box were examined at this time. There are many in here that might be used for practical publications. It is hoped that they might be preserved." The note is dated December 6, 1965, and signed F.L. Duley.

The leading cereal crops at Dickinson, N. Dak., in the extent of grasshopper injury, ranked in descending order as follows: Barley, oats, wheat, corn, and sorghum. Certain spring wheat varieties were injured by the grasshoppers more than others. With some exceptions, badly rusted wheat varieties were injured considerably more than those showing but little rust. In three different groups of spring wheat in the nursery the correlation coefficients between percentage of stem rust and percentage of grasshopper injury were r = +0.512 +/- .033, +0.767 +/- .028, and +0.787 +/- .016. Several unconfirmed reasons are suggested for the greater damage to rusted varieties. The stage of maturity of a variety seems important but apparently cannot account for all the differences since both early and late varieties were found in both the badly injured and slightly injured groups.

Greenhouse studies were made by growing two crops of sagrain on 12 different soils, representing four samples of Susquehanna, Ruston, and Orangeburg fine sandy loams. The available P(2)O(5) in each soil, which had received different phosphate treatments, was determined by the Truog method. Susquehanna fine sandy loam, a poor soil in the field, gave as high yields in the greenhouse as Ruston and Orangeburg fine sandy loams, two excellent agricultural soils. All of the soils studied in the greenhouse contained less than 6 ppm available P(2)O(5), and 11 of the 12 responded to the first phosphate applications, but none responded to heavier applications. Sagrain yielded as well on soils with 10 ppm available P(2)O(5) as on those with 40 ppm. Maximum yields were obtained on many soils with only 8 ppm (16 pounds per acre) available P(2)O(5). Field studies were made by growing cotton on 10 different soils for five years. Soil samples were obtained from the 4-8-4 and 4-0-4 treated plats and available P(2)O(5) was determined by the Truog method. The 10 soils varied greatly in their response to phosphorus. Those containing less than 6 ppm available P(2)O(5) gave excellent response; those containing from 6 to 15 ppm gave some response; but those containing more than 15 ppm gave very little or no response to phosphorus, although available P(2)O(5) was greatly increased by the phosphate application. Cotton and sagrain failed to respond to phosphate applications on soils containing 15 ppm or more available P(2)O(5), which indicates that under southern conditions crops do not require large quantities of phosphorus. Most southern soils do not contain 15 ppm available P(2)O(5) and require phosphorus, but applications should not be made without determining the available P(2)O(5) present. It is believed that when nitrogen and potassium are limited and phosphorus fixation is at a minimum, phosphate recommendations for cotton and sorghum may be made on the following basis: Soils containing less than 6 ppm available P(2)O(5) require liberal applications, those containing from 6 to 15 ppm require light applications, but those containing more than 15 ppm require very little or no phosphorus.