Mycological evaluation of a sorghum grain of Argentina, with emphasis on the characterization of Fusarium species
1999
Saubois, A. | Piontelli Laforet, E. | Nepote, M.C. | Wagner, M.L.
Characterization of the internal mycota of sorghum grain from the Santa Fe Province of Argentina was performed, particularly for those species considered potentially toxigenic. The prevalence of these species in the grains was recorded. The distribution of Fusarium species and the percentage of colonized kernels was also recorded. Observations were made using a light field microscope and a stereomicroscope. Isolation was carried out by direct plating on potato-dextrose agar+chloramphenicol. For identification and confirmation, specific media and culturing regimes were followed according to the literature. Total fungal counts by dilution plate on dichloran-rose Bengal-chloramphenicol agar, and moisture content measures were also performed. Total fungal counts were in the range of 2(.)4 x 10(4)-2(.)5 x 10(5) cfu g(-1). Investigation of the internal mycota revealed a prevalence of species of Fusarium, Alternaria and Curvularia, which were present first in the total of samples. The most important potentially toxigenic species belonged to Fusarium, Alternaria and Penicilliun, but potentially toxigenic species of Aspergillus and Phoma were also present. Species of Fusarium were F. moniliforme Sheldon, F. chlamydosporum Wollenw. & Reinking, F. semitectum Berk. & Ravenel and F. subglutinans (Woll. & Rein.) Nel., Touss. & Mar., in order of frequency of occurrence. The highest percentages of colonized kernels corresponded to the first two species. A close association was observed between F. moniliforme and A. alternata in 90% of the samples.
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