<i>Limosilactobacillus reuteri</i> and Its Probiotic Potential against Cariogenic Bacteria
2024
Brianda Karina Félix-Sicairos | Rita Elizabeth Martinez-Martinez | Saray Aranda-Romo | Roberto Gonzalez-Amaro | Mariana Salgado-Bustamante | Norma Verónica Zavala-Alonso | Ángel Gabriel Alpuche-Solís
Bacteriotherapy is a promising option in addressing dental caries, a persistent global public health challenge with multifactorial origin, including dysbiosis. Despite the exploration of various probiotics, outcomes remain inconclusive. Objective: This study aimed to assess the inhibitory potential of <i>L. reuteri</i> and other potential probiotics like <i>S. salivarius</i> and <i>S. oralis</i> on the growth, adhesion, colonization, and viability of major cariogenic pathogens, comparing their probiotic efficacy. Methods: An in vitro experimental study was conducted, encompassing direct competition assays in solid and liquid co-culture tests and the characterization of adhesion to dental enamel and cell viability by life or death assay. Results: <i>L. reuteri</i> exhibited the significant inhibition of <i>S. sobrinus</i> and <i>S. mutans</i> growth in both solid and liquid cultures, with statistically notable differences. Scanning electron microscopy and confocal microscopy demonstrated reduced cariogenic biofilm formation when combined with <i>L. reuteri</i>, corroborated by diminished bacterial viability and decreased dental enamel coverage. These findings underscore <i>L. reuteri’s</i> potential as an effective agent in caries prevention. Conclusion: The study suggests <i>L. reuteri</i> could serve as an effective probiotic in bacteriotherapy against dental caries. It displayed substantial inhibitory activity in vitro against cariogenic bacteria, impeding biofilm formation and adhesion, thereby impacting cell viability.
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